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Similar a Ch. 15 PART 2 (8th Ed) Ch. 17 (7th Ed) (14)
Ch. 15 PART 2 (8th Ed) Ch. 17 (7th Ed)
- 2. Social
unrest and violence
Genocide in Bosnia, Rwanda, and the Sudan
Torture of prisoners
Presidential scandals
Middle Eastern violence and instability
▪ September 11, 2001, attacks
▪ Saddam Hussein deposed from power
▪ Continued conflict between the Israelis and
Palestinians
▪ Barack Obama, first African-American President
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2
- 3. Asian
American Theatre
In the 19th and first half of the 20th century,
Asians appeared in drama as stereotypes
Asian-focused theatre groups formed in the
latter half of the 20th century
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3
- 4. Asian
American Theatre
continued
These groups fostered a more accurate
Asian-American identity on stage
▪ East West Players, Los Angeles (1965)
▪ Asian Exclusion Act, Seattle (1973)
▪ Asian-American Theatre Workshop, San Francisco
(1973)
▪ Ma-Yi Theatre Company, New York (1989)
▪ Mu Performing Arts, Minneapolis (1992)
▪ David Henry Hwang, ‘M. Butterfly”
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4
- 5. Latino-Latina
Theatre
Can be divided into three categories:
▪ Chicano Theater
▪ Cuban American Theater
▪ Puerto Rican or Nuyorican Theater
All three address experience of Hispanics living
in U.S.
Sometimes written in Spanish but are usually in
English or a combo of both
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5
- 6. Latino-Latina
Theatre
Chicano theatre
▪ Originated primarily in the west and southwest
▪ Came to prominence during the 1960s civil rights
movement
▪ Luis Valdéz (1940– ) and the El Teatro
Campesino (“farmworkers’ theatre”)
▪ Zoot Suit (1978)
▪ Roosters (1987) by Milcha Sanchez-Scott (1955–
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)
6
- 7. Latino-Latina
Theatre
continued
Cuban American theatre
▪ The Federal Theater Project resulted in 14 Cuban
American plays from 1936-37
▪ Developed chiefly in Florida
▪ Maria Irene Fornes (1930– ) “Mud,” “Fefu and Her
Friends”
▪ Nilo Cruz (1960– ), won Pulitzer Prize in 2003 for “Anna in
the Tropics”
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7
- 8. Latino-Latina
Theatre
continued
Puerto Rican or Nuyorican theatre
▪ Nuyorican refers to Puerto Rican culture, primarily in
New York but elsewhere as well
▪ Playwrights with a Puerto Rican background began to be
produced in the 1960s and 1970s by groups like:
Teatro Repertorio Español
The Puerto Rican Traveling Theatre
New York Public Theatre
The Nuyorican Poets’ Café – produced many Hispanice
playwrights including Miguel Pinero ("Short Eyes")
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8
- 9. Native
American Theatre
No theatre tradition as we know it
Instead, theatrical elements were found in
ancient rituals and communal celebrations
Many native ceremonies outlawed by the
American government in the 19th century
Forced to go “underground”
Companies identify with their nations, not
under the generic term “Native American”
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9
- 10.
Native American Theatre continued
American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1972
Two groups that led the way:
▪ The Native American Theater Ensemble
▪ Spiderwoman (also feminist). Began in 1975 and
longest running women’s and Native American
theater group
Native American theatre groups
▪ Thunderbird Theatre, Lawrence, Kansas (1974)
▪ Red Earth Performing Arts, Seattle (1974)
▪ Tulsa Indian Actor’s Workshop, Tulsa (1993)
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10
- 11. Feminist
Theatre and Gender Diversity
Feminist theatre companies have encouraged
audiences to reexamine their own gender biases
▪ Companies include:
▪
▪
▪
▪
At the Foot of the Mountain,
Women’s Experimental Theatre
Omaha Magic Theatre
Split Britches
Feminist influences are felt in both Native
American and lesbian theatre
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11
- 12. Feminist
Theatre and Gender Diversity
Some significant contemporary feminist
playwrights:
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Maria Irene Fornes
Paula Vogel
Marsha Norman
Wendy Wasserstein
Beth Henley
Suzan Lori-Parks
© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
12
- 13. Gay
and Lesbian Theatre
Gay and lesbian theatre is a distinct
movement
Themes existed in theatre before the 1960s
▪ Men in drag in 19th century and early part of 20th
century, raising questions about sexual and gender
roles
▪ Lillian Hellman’s “The Children’s Hour” (1934)
First play that brought gay life to the forefront
was The Boys in the Band (1968)
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13
- 14. Gay
and Lesbian Theatre
continued
Stonewall Inn riot considered the beginning of
the modern gay rights movement
Gay characters, now more than ever, are
presented unapologetically
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14
- 15. © 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
15
- 16. Today’s
theatre art is complex
Mirrors the changes in our global society
Performance
Art – Experimental theater
that initially incorporated elements of
dance and visual arts. Since performance
art is often based on the vision of an
individual performer or director rather than
a playwright, the autobiographical
monologue has become a popular
performance art form.
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16
- 17. Today’s
theatre art is complex
Mirrors the changes in our global society
Performance
Art
Antecedents:
▪ Earlier avant-garde
experiments of the
20th century
▪ The theories of Antonin
Artaud and Jerzy Grotowski
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17
- 18. Performance
Art continued
Early manifestations:
▪ Related to painting and to dance
▪ Story, character, and text were minimized or
eliminated
Present form:
▪ Individual artists who present autobiographical
material onstage
▪ Some artists’ work challenges the status quo
Many are performed off-off-Broadway
© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
18
- 19. Performance
Art continued
Performed in conventional spaces as well as
non-conventional spaces like warehouses,
museums, etc.
Some significant performance artists:
▪ Karen Finley (controversy surrounding National
Endowment for the Arts grant)
▪ Spalding Gray
▪ Robbie McCauley (“Alice’s Rape”)
▪ Anna Deavere Smith (“Twilight LA”)
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19
- 20. Postmodernism
– A contemporary
concept suggesting that artists and
audiences have gone beyond the
modernist movements of realism and the
various departures of realism, to combine
them both into one unique form.
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20
- 21. Postmodernism
Characteristics:
▪ Reflects issues of power in art
▪ Rebels against traditional readings of texts
▪ Mix of abstraction and realism, techniques and
styles
▪ Mix of popular concerns with those of “high” art
Deconstruction
Non-text based
Wooster Group is a contemporary
postmodernist theater
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21
- 22. English
and Irish Theatre
In London, fringe theatre
▪ Postmodernist tradition
▪ Deborah Warner – English director
▪ Many contemporary playwrights begin here
▪ Caryl Churchilll (also feminist) – “Cloud Nine,” “Top Girls”
▪ Tom Stoppard
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22
- 23. English
and Irish Theatre continued
In Ireland
▪ Young Irish playwrights who dramatize social,
political, and historical issues
▪ Martin McDonagh – “The Pillowman”
▪ Conor McPherson – “The Seafarer”
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23
- 24. © 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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- 25.
A Continuing Global Trend: Documentary Drama
Has roots in classical Greek and Elizabethan
theatres
Reflects the diversity and eclecticism of our global
theatre
Based on historical documents
Goal: convince the audience that they’re watching
history unfold
▪ “The Investigation” by Peter Weiss – dramatizes war
crime trials of Nazi guards
▪ “Exonerated” – about former death row inmates who
turned out to be innocent
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25
- 26.
The future of theatre
The live performer: human contact between audience
and performer will continue to meet a profound,
fundamental need
Human impulse to create theatre: humans have a
universal impulse to create theatrical activity
Theatre will continue with new works alongside a rich
mixture of plays from the past bringing important
issues to light for specific groups as well as humanity
as a whole
Theatre will be as complex and fragmented as the
world in which it exists
Theatre will continue to focus on human concerns
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