1. DRAW A LINE SEPARATING TODAY & YESTERDAY 1) Write: Date: 08/31/10 , Topic: Enlightenment 2) Next line, write “ Opener #6 ” and then: 1) Write 1 high + 1 low in last 24 hours 2) Rate your understanding of yesterday: lost < 1-5 > too easy (3 is perfect) 3) Respond to the Opener by writing at least 1 sentences about : Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND Summary of the clip OR/AND Announcements: None

2. Focusing and Awareness Practice 1) Breath in, hold, exhale 2) Stop, notice yourself head to toe 3) Close eyes, listen to your thoughts 4) Open your eyes, notice around you

3. 4) Plot your color , explain 1 sent . Pick 1 thing from your opener to share with your partner. 5) Each of you sign your name in your partner’s journal under 5) to verified you’ve shared.

4. Team Quiz (10 Points) Discuss the following questions with your group. Make sure everyone understands how to answer it. Once the quiz paper is passed out, everyone individually writes their own responses. No talking once we start writing. 1 paper will be graded from each group ( 10 points ). Prepare now. Ask Mr. Chiang only if no one in your team knows. When writing, use sentences! 1) How did each start, Renaissance and Enlightenment, and how are they different? 2) Why king create parliament, what happened? 3) How did the UK end up getting a Bill of Rights? 4) What does the Enlig. owe Athens, and how is it about to ROCK the face of Europe? 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Journal Sections

5. Agenda 1) Enlightenment Philosophers Primary Objective 1) How is the Modern Era (1600-now) different from the past? Reminder 1) Find & complete your 4 news pods

6. Clergy

7. King

8. Nobility

9. Serfs

10. Review Enlightenment (Age of Reasoning, 1600-1800) : Start of Modern Era when reasoning/logic was widely applied all things. To discover natural solutions. FAITH THAT HUMANS THROUGH REASONING CAN MAKE LIFE BETTER.

11. Clergy

12. King

13. Nobility

14. Serfs

15. Why in the 1600s? 1) Basic Enlightenment Ideas Always There : The ancient writings of the Greeks were copied by Christian monks and Muslim scholars. Renaissance rekindles Greek and Roman ideas. 2) Centuries of War : Wars over religion (split between Catholic rulers and Protestant Rulers) pushed people to seek non-religious answers. 3) Feudalism Unfair : King, church, and nobles enjoy the current power structure, but middle class and poor begin to question.

16. Notes #6a , Title: “ Enlightenment ” 1) Scientific Revolution : Scientists like Galileo, Bacon, Newton first to thoroughly use reason. 2) Political Revolution : Philosophers like Locke, Jefferson, & Paine use reason to question gov. Gov should serve the ppl, not divine rule, leading to individual rights. (US Rev: 1774, FR Rev: 1789)

17. Scientific Method

18. Critical Reasoning Leading to Scientific Method (hallmark of the Era of Enlightenment) Little Test: What causes water to disappear from your skin?

19. Diderot's Encyclopedia

20. Hobbes (1588): State of nature so bad, even a dictator (monarch) is better.

21. Hobbes’ Leviathan (1660) Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of war , where every man is enemy to every man , the same consequent to the time wherein men live without other security than what their own strength ... In such condition there is no place for industry , because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth... worst of all, continual fear , and danger of violent death ; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short .

22. Hobbes’ Leviathan (1660) Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of war , where every man is enemy to every man , the same consequent to the time wherein men live without other security than what their own strength ... In such condition there is no place for industry , because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth... worst of all, continual fear , and danger of violent death ; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short .

23. English Civil War 1641–1651

24. Notes #6a , Title: “ Enlightenment Notes ” 3) Locke (1632) : People born with rights ( natural rights ). Ppl exchange obedience for protection of these rights ( social contract ). “ What worries you, masters you.” “ The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom.”

25. Notes #6a , Title: “ Enlightenment Notes ” 4) Social Contract : You exchange obedience to the gov for protection (K=contract).

26. Locke’s 2 nd Treatise (1690) No one ought to harm another in his life, liberty, or possessions ... to avoid this state of war is one great reason of men's putting themselves into society , and quitting the state of nature... revolutions happen not upon every little mismanagement in public affairs. Great mistakes in the ruling part, many wrong and inconvenient laws, and all the slips of human frailty, will be born by the people without mutiny or murmur. But if a long train of abuses …

27. Locke’s 2 nd Treatise (1690) No one ought to harm another in his life, liberty, or possessions ... to avoid this state of war is one great reason of men's putting themselves into society , and quitting the state of nature... revolutions happen not upon every little mismanagement in public affairs. Great mistakes in the ruling part, many wrong and inconvenient laws, and all the slips of human frailty, will be born by the people without mutiny or murmur. But if a long train of abuses …

28. “ All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness . That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men … Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer , while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations… -Thomas Jefferson

29. Notes #6 , Title: “ Enlightenment Notes ” 5) Montesquieu (1689) : Power corrupts, so gov should split power in 3 branches : Legislative : Make the law Executive : Put the law in action Judicial : Decide the law

30. Constitutional Structure and Amendment : Article 1: Congress/Legislature (House + Senate) Article 2: President/Executive (President + Implied Bureaucracy) Article 3: Federal Courts/Judiciary (US Courts) Article 4: State Limits Article 5: Amendment Process: 2/3 of Congress > 3/4 States 2/3 of States > 3/4 States (never used) Article 6: National Supremacy (when in Art 1, Sec 8) Article 7: Ratification Process Amendments: First 10 (Bill of Rights) 27 Amendments Total So Far

31. Notes #6 , Title: “ Enlightenment Notes ” 6) Voltaire (1694) : Freedom ( esp speech ) above all must be protected so reason can solve our problems.

32. Notes #6a , Title: “ Enlightenment Notes ” 7) Rousseau (1712) : The will of the majority should govern . Ppl should obey the common good ( following the majority will can be a dangerous idea ) “ Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” “ We are born weak… all that we lack at birth, all that we need when we come to man's estate, is the gift of education.”

33. SALONS (Living Rooms): Back then, gov controlled by monarchies, and universities controlled by churches were scared of new ideas. So wealthy women opened their living rooms ( salons ) to intellectuals. Madame Geoffrin’s Salons:

34. Work #6a , Title “ Philosopher Salon ” Pick 1 of the 5 roles, read your profile and answer below. i) Hobbes (British) ii) Locke (British) iii) Montesquieu (French) iv) Rousseau (French) v) Madame Geoffrin (French, worth double participation ) 1) Write down the name of your role. 2) Roles 1-4, write down your answer to: What is the ideal form of government? Role 5 (Geoffrin): Your job is to be a host to the salon. Your job is to facilitate the conversation in your salon between the four philosophers. You will record your answers on a blank sheet provided by Mr. Chiang. For 2), list possible questions you will ask the four guests.

35. Journal #6b , Title “ Video: Ideas that Changed the World: Democracy ” 1) Copy Source Title: BBC 2…) Discuss questions on the board with a partner. Summarize your discussion ( include their name at the end ). Remember participation points are deducted if off task. 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Journal Sections Time Bookmark: 00:00

36. Homework: 1) Study today’s notes + journal sections for a possible journal quiz . 2) Pick and listen to your 4 news podcast by next Monday. Journal Check: If your name is called, drop off your journal with Mr. Chiang ( if requested, points lost if your journal is not turned in )