2. Topics of Discussion
What is WORDNET?????
International Scenarios.
Design fundamentals.
Major Lexical Relations.
Uses of Wordnet.
Wordnets in India.
3. What is WORDNET?????
WordNet is a lexical database for the English
language based on conceptual look-up.
George A. Miller who began the WordNet project in
the mid 1980s.
Organizes lexical information in terms of word
meanings rather than word form.
Wordnet can also be used as a thesaurus.
4. Miller on Wordnet
“In terms of coverage, WordNet’s goals
differ little from those of a good
standard college-level dictionary, and
the semantics of WordNet is based on
the notion of word sense that
lexicographers have traditionally used
in writing dictionaries. ”
5. Wordnet: International Scenario
Wordnet is a network of words linked by
lexical and semantic relations.
The first wordnet in the world was for
English developed at Princeton over 15 years.
The Eurowordnet- linked structure of
European language wordnet was built in
1998 over 3 years.
Wordnets for Hindi and Marathi being built
at IIT Bombay are amongst the first IL
wordnet.
All these are proposed to be linked into the
IndoWordnet which eventually will be
linked to the English and the Euro wordnet.
6. Psycholinguistic Theory
Can canary sing? – pretty fast response.
Can canary fly ? – a bit slower response.
Does canary have skin ? – a slow response.
Animal
Bird
Canary
7. Fundamental Design Questions
Syntagmatic VS Paradigmatic ???
Syntagmatic – when words appear together in a unit.
Paradigmatic – if words are linked in a lexical resource
When we hear a word , many words come to our mind
through association.
For cat :
animal , mammal – Paradigmatic
mew , purr , furry - Syntagmatic
9. Synonymy
Different ways of expressing related concepts
Examples
cat, feline, Siamese cat
Overlaps with basic and subordinate levels
Synonyms are almost never truly substitutable
Used in different contexts
Have different implications
This is a point of contention
10. Polysemy
Most words have more than one sense
Homonym: same sound and/or spelling,
different meaning
bank (river)
bank (financial)
Polysemy: different senses of same word
That dog has floppy ears.
She has a good ear for jazz.
bank (financial) has several related senses
the building, the institution, the notion of where
money is stored
11. Metonomy
Use one aspect of something to stand for the whole
The building stands for the institution of the bank.
Library stands for a whole set of books ..
Mostly all collective nouns came under this.
12. Hyponymy
ISA relation
Related to Super ordinate and Subordinate level
categories
hyponym(robin , bird)
hyponym(emu, bird)
hyponym(bird, animal)
hypernym(animal , bird)
A is a hypernym of B if B is a type of A
A is a hyponym of B if A is a type of B
13. Holonomy
Part/Whole relation
meronym(beak , bird)
meronym(bark , tree)
holonym(tree , bark)
Transitive conceptually but not lexically
The knob is a part of the door.
The door is a part of the house.
The knob is a part of the house
Holonyms are (approximately) the inverse of
meronyms
14. Antonymy
Lexical opposites
antonym(large, small)
antonym(big, small)
antonym(big, little)
but not large, little
Many antonymous relations can be reliably detected
by looking for statistical correlations in large text
collections.
20. Linked Wordnets in India
Bengali
Wordnet
Dravidian
Language
Wordnets
Sanskrit
Wordnet
Punjabi
Wordnet
Hindi
Wordnet
North East
Language
Wordnet
Konkani
Wordnet
Marathi
Wordnet
English
Wordnet