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Renewable Energy & Sustainable Development in Indonesia: Past Experience – Future Challenges Le Meridien Hotel Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 18-20 Jakarta 10220, Indonesia  19-20 January 2009 www.e8.org   www.ausaid.gov.au   www.unsw.edu.au   www.sttnas.ac.id   o 1 2 4 3 5 D1 D2
PADAMU NEGERI KAMI BERJANJI PADAMU NEGERI KAMI BERBAKTI PADAMU NEGERI KAMI MENGABDI BAGIMU NEGERI JIWARAGA KAMI
By : Praptiningsih G. Adinurani   Roy Hendroko Workshop on Renewable Energy & Sustainable Development in Indonesia   Past Experience – Future Challenges   Le Meridien Hotel, Jakarta,  19-20 January 2009   Challenges  of Biofuel Industry in Indonesia Anggi  Nindita
Out Line Presentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Natural Gas,  28.57% Coal, 15.34% Oil 51.66% Geothermal,  1.32% Hydro Power,  3.11% CURRENT ENERGI MIX  National (Primary) Energy Mix Target in 2025 1. Less than 1 for energy elasticity 2.  Optimized primary energy mix 1. Why Biofuel ? NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY (PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 5 YEAR 2006)‏ Coal , 33% Oil,  20% BIOFUELS, 5% Geothermal, 5% Biomass, Nuclear, Hydro Solar Energy, Wind  Power, 5% Coal Liquefaction 2% NRE,17% Gas, 30%
Figure 2. Consumption of Oil Fuel per sector in  Indonesia , Year 2000 - 2006
Figure 3. Consumption of  Diesel Fuel  Per Sector  Year 1989 – 2005
Polusi Solar ,[object Object],Sumber : Swiscontact dan Lead Information Center, 2008 JAKARTA,   Dipasok dari kilang mana ? KILANG PURATA S ppm MIN S ppm MAX S ppm Teluk Semangka & Kalbut 3.500 2.500 5.000 Plaju 900 600 1.500 Balongan 300 200 3.500 Hal 8-13 Hal 110-115
Figure 4. Premium Usage in Transportation Sector Year 1989-2007
Figure 5. Premium Usage  Compare  to Diesel oil  in Transportation   Sector at The Year 2000 - 2006
ROADMAP FOR BIOFUELS DEVELOPMENT   Biodiesel Bioethanol Biodiesel Utilization 10% of Diesel Fuel Consumption 2.41 million kL Biodiesel Utilization 15% of Diesel Fuel Consumption 4.52 million kL Year  2005-2010  2011-2015  2016-2025  Biodiesel Utilization 20% of Diesel Fuel Consumption 10.22 million kL Bioethanol Utilization 5% Gasoline Consumption 1.48 million kL Bioethanol Utilization 10% Gasoline Consumption 2.78 million kL Bioethanol Utilization 15% Gasoline Consumption 6.28 million kL Bio-oil BIOFUELS Biokerosene Utilization 1 million kL Biokerosene Utilization 1.8  million kL Biokerosene Utilization 4.07 million kL BIOFUELS Utilization 2% of energy mix 5.29 million kL BIOFUELS Utilization 3% of energy mix 9.84 million kL BIOFUELS Utilization 5% of energy mix 22.26 million kL ,[object Object],[object Object],- Biokerosene PPO Utilization 0.4 million kL PPO Utilization 0.74 million kL PPO Utilization 1.69 million kL 2
3. Biofuel Usage  in  Indonesia 2007 Biofuel Feedstock  avabiality Domestic Usage Percent Biodiesel Crude Palm  Oil 17.5 Million  Tons 16,000 Kl 0,078 Type of BBM Domestic BBM Domestic BBN Percent Usage  2007 Diesel  PSO 10,883,740 KL 16.000 kl 0,147 Diesel  Non PSO 14,649,151 KL -------- -----
Bioetanol Usage in  Indonesia  2007 Note : *)  molases conversion 1:4, calculated 1.000 x 4 = 4.000 ton **)   molases production in  Indonesia    1,4 milions ton/year, 600 ton used to  ethanol  industry,  600 ton used to  MSG & feed industry, and  200 ton export Discription  Feedstock Avaibility Usage  2007 Percent Ethanol 1,2 juta ton 1.000 kl 0,083 Premium -PSO  = 17.929.843 Kl -non PSO =  249.448 Kl -total  =18.179.291 Kl ethanol =  1.000 kl 0,0055 Molases 800.000 ton **) 4.000 kl *) 0,5
REGULATIONS related to BIOFUEL DEVELOPMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],REGULATIONS related to BIOFUEL DEVELOPMENT (continu)
Enclosure 32/2008 4. Mandatory
(5) Are We Ready ?? Enclosure
BIODIESEL  PRODUCTION CAPACITY & LOCATION TABLE  8 Status : September 2008 COMPANY LOCATION 2008 2009 Capacity KL/Yr D omestic KL/Yr Capacity KL/Yr Domestic KL/Yr 1 Asian Agri Tbk Lubuk Gaung, Dumai 200.000 70.000 200.000 80.000 2 Energi Alternatif IndonesiaPT  Jakarta 300 300 1.000 1.000 3 Eterindo Wahanatama Tbk Gresik & Cikupa 120.000 120.000 240.000 240.000 4 Darmex Biofuel PT Bekasi 150.000 30.000 150.000 60.000 5 Ganesha Energy Group Medan 3.000 3.000 10.000 10.000 6 Indo Biofuels Energy PT. Merak 60.000 60.000 160.000 100.000 7 Multikimia Intipelangi PT. Bekasi 5.000 5.000 10.000 10.000 8 Musim Mas Group Medan 50.000 10.000 350.0000 100.000 9 Permata Hijau Group Duri 200.000 75.000 200.000 120.000 10 Sumi Asih PT. Bekasi & Lampung 100.000 50.000 200.000 100.000 11 Wilmar Group Dumai 700.000 300.000 1.000.000 300.000 Total 1.588.300 723.300 2.521.000 1.121.000
BIOETHANOL  PRODUCTION CAPACITY & LOCATION TABLE  12 No. COMPANY LOCATION 2008 2009 CAPACITY (KL) Domesti c (KL) CAPACITY (KL) Domesti c (KL) 1 Anugrah Kurnia Abadi PT./ B2TP Lampung 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2 Medco   Group Lampung 60.000 60.000 3 Molindo Raya Industrial  Lawang &   Lampung 12.000 12.000 50.000 50.000 4 Sugar Group Lampung 70.000 100.000 Jumlah 14.500 5 2.500 ???
Availability of CPO  Food Feed Energy TABLE  5 < 7% 6. Biodiesel from CPO Source : Tjakrawan, 2008 (diolah kembali) Type of BBM Domestic BBM Usage  2007 Feedstock Availability Biofuel Usage  (5%) Percentage of Feedstock Usage Diesel Fuel (PSO) 10,883,740 KL 17.500.000 MT ~ 20.114.943 KL 544.187 KL 2,71  % Diesel Fuel Non Subsidy 14,649,151 KL 17.500.000 MT ~ 20.114.943 KL 732.458  KL 3,64  %
SOLAR-biodiesel/POME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
7. Suplementary Feedstock
December 30, 2008,  11:33 am Air New Zealand Flies on Engine With Jatropha Biofuel Blend By  James Kanter   A 50:50 blend of the  oily nut  from the jatropha tree  and Jet A1 fuel  Air New Zealand's Capt. David Morgan with vials of  jatropha oil  and Air New Zealand's biofuel blend.
Yunnan Jatropha Research Center Agust 16 th -20 th , 2008 Shao Tu Long Mengzi, Yunnan
China Honghe, Yunnan Malaysia Kuala Pilla
India India Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan January 2006 [email_address] ,  [email_address] , [email_address] http://www.jatrophaworld.org, http://www.jatrophabiodiesel.org   Klon RNI - Jatitujuh Maret 07
SEPTEMBER  2008
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],8.Subst  Esterifikasi And/or  Transesterifikasi Bio-Diesel Dry  Seed Jatropha Sortation seed Pengepressan Pressing Cake CJO sjo Bio- Kerosene Filtration Sludge Refinery Degumming PPO   Deasifikasi
CJO  STOVE Sumber : ITB Bio Kerosene Presure Stove   Wick Stove Sumber :  PT KEI RNI Jerman/RRC Tracon Protos
Pura Balittas Suar CJO Stove with Wick Regulated  Fire CJO with gravity
DME Grobogan Energy Self Sufficient  Villages
Pakuwon Biomass Jatropha Stove Hanjuang Garlina Balittas Pasta
(9)  Problem of  Bioetanol
Availability of Molases to Biofuel Feedstock  5% Note : *  molases conversion 1:4,, calculated  896.492 x 4 = 3.585.968 ton **  molases conversion  1:4, calculates 12.472 x 4 = 49.888 ton ***   molases production in  Indonesia    1,4 milions ton/year, 600 ton used to  ethanol  industry,  600 ton used to  MSG & feed industry, and  200 ton export Table 9. Ethanol Industry ?? 2009 : Premium Subsidy : 20.444  juta KL (BPH Migas) Type of BBM BBM Usage 2007 (kiloliter) Biofuel Feedstock Availability Biofuel Usage 5% (kiloliter) Usage of Biofuel  (%) Premium 17.929.843 ***)  800.000 ton molases 896.492 equal 3.585.968 ton* 448,2 Premium Non subsidy 249.448 ***)  800.000 ton molases 12.472 equal 49.888 ton** 6,2
Availability of Cassava as Biofuel Feedstock  5%   Keterangan : *  Cassava conversion  1:6.5,calculated  896.492 x 6.5 = 5.827.198 ton **  Cassava conversion 1:6.5, calculated  12.472 x 6.6 = 324..272 ton Table 10. 31,08% blending went up to became  = 10% and 15%, each will permeate produce of domestic cassava  equal to  59,67% and 89,51%.   Type of BBM BBM Usage 2007 (kiloliter) Biofuel Feedstock Availability Biofuel Usage 5% (kiloliter) Usage of Biofuel  (%) Premium 17.929.843 19.802.508 896.492 equal 5.827.198 ton* 29,43 Premium Non subsidy 249.448 19.802.508 12.472 equal 324.272 ton** 1,65
Variation of import tapioka year  2002-2007 TABLE 11 Source: Hendroko, 2008 a (Courtesy of Ditjen Tan Pangan)  Year Tapioka Vol (Ton) Value  (Thousand US$) 2002 25.977 4.833 2003 190.627 33.692 2004 56.760 10.450 2005 103.075 24.497 2006 305.309 70.372 2007 306.648 77.888
How to solve  the ethanol problem? Increase Production with  Intensification and Extensification
How to solve  the ethanol problem? Use Hydrous Ethanol
“ Dog Wood” Robert Warren
Sumbangsih pada masyarakat dan negara untuk Mandiri  Energi &  Membangun  Ekonomi Pedesaan
CD
Bioethanol for substitution 10
Bioethanol/  Spiritus Stove  100 ml = 1 jam Kerosene 1 liter = 3-4 jam
Bahenol Ex Agro Makmur Panca Jaya  Raharja Berlian Pressure Stove Ex Jerman Pressure Stove Ex Berlian
Ethanol Stove with Wick Blue fire Regulated Fire
Soot/ black powdery Clean Black Smoke Ethanol Bensin/ gasoline Ethanol Stove Clean Smoke
Ethanol Gel ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],BIO LAMP 200 gr = 2 jam Stove Ex  South Africa
Ethanol Gel Stove Import Gel  Domestic Gel
Okt 08 Nop 08 Des 08 Jan 09 MOPS 0IL,CPO, BIODIESEL PRICE and  IMPACT FOR BD PRODUCER OCTOBER  2  Th   2008 – JANUARY 8  Th  2009  11.  Impact of Oil Price <<
Danke schön  Ang kêun  Merci  Kiitos   Efcharisto   Danyavad   Gum xia  Köszönöm   Terima kasih   Dekoju   Eso  Hvala   Spasibo   Ngiyabonga  Wiyarrparlunpaju-yungu  Tawdi  Gracias   Sha sha  Giittus   Maulanenga  Añachaykin  Dhannvaad   Obrigado   Grazie  Thank You Qujanaq   Xie xie   Nodan mamomamo  Shukran   Arigato  Ookini  Gum xia   מרסי   mersi धन्यवाद   Спасибо  どうもありがとう。  جزاكم الله خيراً Teşekkür ederim MAY GOD BLESS US

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Renewable Energy & Sustainable Development in Indonesia

  • 1. Renewable Energy & Sustainable Development in Indonesia: Past Experience – Future Challenges Le Meridien Hotel Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 18-20 Jakarta 10220, Indonesia 19-20 January 2009 www.e8.org www.ausaid.gov.au www.unsw.edu.au www.sttnas.ac.id o 1 2 4 3 5 D1 D2
  • 2. PADAMU NEGERI KAMI BERJANJI PADAMU NEGERI KAMI BERBAKTI PADAMU NEGERI KAMI MENGABDI BAGIMU NEGERI JIWARAGA KAMI
  • 3. By : Praptiningsih G. Adinurani Roy Hendroko Workshop on Renewable Energy & Sustainable Development in Indonesia Past Experience – Future Challenges Le Meridien Hotel, Jakarta, 19-20 January 2009 Challenges of Biofuel Industry in Indonesia Anggi Nindita
  • 4.
  • 5. Natural Gas, 28.57% Coal, 15.34% Oil 51.66% Geothermal, 1.32% Hydro Power, 3.11% CURRENT ENERGI MIX National (Primary) Energy Mix Target in 2025 1. Less than 1 for energy elasticity 2. Optimized primary energy mix 1. Why Biofuel ? NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY (PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 5 YEAR 2006)‏ Coal , 33% Oil, 20% BIOFUELS, 5% Geothermal, 5% Biomass, Nuclear, Hydro Solar Energy, Wind Power, 5% Coal Liquefaction 2% NRE,17% Gas, 30%
  • 6. Figure 2. Consumption of Oil Fuel per sector in Indonesia , Year 2000 - 2006
  • 7. Figure 3. Consumption of Diesel Fuel Per Sector Year 1989 – 2005
  • 8.
  • 9. Figure 4. Premium Usage in Transportation Sector Year 1989-2007
  • 10. Figure 5. Premium Usage Compare to Diesel oil in Transportation Sector at The Year 2000 - 2006
  • 11.
  • 12. 3. Biofuel Usage in Indonesia 2007 Biofuel Feedstock avabiality Domestic Usage Percent Biodiesel Crude Palm Oil 17.5 Million Tons 16,000 Kl 0,078 Type of BBM Domestic BBM Domestic BBN Percent Usage 2007 Diesel PSO 10,883,740 KL 16.000 kl 0,147 Diesel Non PSO 14,649,151 KL -------- -----
  • 13. Bioetanol Usage in Indonesia 2007 Note : *) molases conversion 1:4, calculated 1.000 x 4 = 4.000 ton **) molases production in Indonesia  1,4 milions ton/year, 600 ton used to ethanol industry, 600 ton used to MSG & feed industry, and 200 ton export Discription Feedstock Avaibility Usage 2007 Percent Ethanol 1,2 juta ton 1.000 kl 0,083 Premium -PSO = 17.929.843 Kl -non PSO = 249.448 Kl -total =18.179.291 Kl ethanol = 1.000 kl 0,0055 Molases 800.000 ton **) 4.000 kl *) 0,5
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Enclosure 32/2008 4. Mandatory
  • 17. (5) Are We Ready ?? Enclosure
  • 18. BIODIESEL PRODUCTION CAPACITY & LOCATION TABLE 8 Status : September 2008 COMPANY LOCATION 2008 2009 Capacity KL/Yr D omestic KL/Yr Capacity KL/Yr Domestic KL/Yr 1 Asian Agri Tbk Lubuk Gaung, Dumai 200.000 70.000 200.000 80.000 2 Energi Alternatif IndonesiaPT Jakarta 300 300 1.000 1.000 3 Eterindo Wahanatama Tbk Gresik & Cikupa 120.000 120.000 240.000 240.000 4 Darmex Biofuel PT Bekasi 150.000 30.000 150.000 60.000 5 Ganesha Energy Group Medan 3.000 3.000 10.000 10.000 6 Indo Biofuels Energy PT. Merak 60.000 60.000 160.000 100.000 7 Multikimia Intipelangi PT. Bekasi 5.000 5.000 10.000 10.000 8 Musim Mas Group Medan 50.000 10.000 350.0000 100.000 9 Permata Hijau Group Duri 200.000 75.000 200.000 120.000 10 Sumi Asih PT. Bekasi & Lampung 100.000 50.000 200.000 100.000 11 Wilmar Group Dumai 700.000 300.000 1.000.000 300.000 Total 1.588.300 723.300 2.521.000 1.121.000
  • 19. BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION CAPACITY & LOCATION TABLE 12 No. COMPANY LOCATION 2008 2009 CAPACITY (KL) Domesti c (KL) CAPACITY (KL) Domesti c (KL) 1 Anugrah Kurnia Abadi PT./ B2TP Lampung 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2 Medco Group Lampung 60.000 60.000 3 Molindo Raya Industrial Lawang & Lampung 12.000 12.000 50.000 50.000 4 Sugar Group Lampung 70.000 100.000 Jumlah 14.500 5 2.500 ???
  • 20. Availability of CPO Food Feed Energy TABLE 5 < 7% 6. Biodiesel from CPO Source : Tjakrawan, 2008 (diolah kembali) Type of BBM Domestic BBM Usage 2007 Feedstock Availability Biofuel Usage (5%) Percentage of Feedstock Usage Diesel Fuel (PSO) 10,883,740 KL 17.500.000 MT ~ 20.114.943 KL 544.187 KL 2,71 % Diesel Fuel Non Subsidy 14,649,151 KL 17.500.000 MT ~ 20.114.943 KL 732.458 KL 3,64 %
  • 21.
  • 23. December 30, 2008, 11:33 am Air New Zealand Flies on Engine With Jatropha Biofuel Blend By James Kanter A 50:50 blend of the oily nut from the jatropha tree and Jet A1 fuel Air New Zealand's Capt. David Morgan with vials of jatropha oil and Air New Zealand's biofuel blend.
  • 24. Yunnan Jatropha Research Center Agust 16 th -20 th , 2008 Shao Tu Long Mengzi, Yunnan
  • 25. China Honghe, Yunnan Malaysia Kuala Pilla
  • 26. India India Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan January 2006 [email_address] , [email_address] , [email_address] http://www.jatrophaworld.org, http://www.jatrophabiodiesel.org Klon RNI - Jatitujuh Maret 07
  • 28.  
  • 29.
  • 30. CJO STOVE Sumber : ITB Bio Kerosene Presure Stove Wick Stove Sumber : PT KEI RNI Jerman/RRC Tracon Protos
  • 31. Pura Balittas Suar CJO Stove with Wick Regulated Fire CJO with gravity
  • 32. DME Grobogan Energy Self Sufficient Villages
  • 33. Pakuwon Biomass Jatropha Stove Hanjuang Garlina Balittas Pasta
  • 34. (9) Problem of Bioetanol
  • 35. Availability of Molases to Biofuel Feedstock 5% Note : * molases conversion 1:4,, calculated 896.492 x 4 = 3.585.968 ton ** molases conversion 1:4, calculates 12.472 x 4 = 49.888 ton *** molases production in Indonesia  1,4 milions ton/year, 600 ton used to ethanol industry, 600 ton used to MSG & feed industry, and 200 ton export Table 9. Ethanol Industry ?? 2009 : Premium Subsidy : 20.444 juta KL (BPH Migas) Type of BBM BBM Usage 2007 (kiloliter) Biofuel Feedstock Availability Biofuel Usage 5% (kiloliter) Usage of Biofuel (%) Premium 17.929.843 ***) 800.000 ton molases 896.492 equal 3.585.968 ton* 448,2 Premium Non subsidy 249.448 ***) 800.000 ton molases 12.472 equal 49.888 ton** 6,2
  • 36. Availability of Cassava as Biofuel Feedstock 5% Keterangan : * Cassava conversion 1:6.5,calculated 896.492 x 6.5 = 5.827.198 ton ** Cassava conversion 1:6.5, calculated 12.472 x 6.6 = 324..272 ton Table 10. 31,08% blending went up to became = 10% and 15%, each will permeate produce of domestic cassava equal to 59,67% and 89,51%. Type of BBM BBM Usage 2007 (kiloliter) Biofuel Feedstock Availability Biofuel Usage 5% (kiloliter) Usage of Biofuel (%) Premium 17.929.843 19.802.508 896.492 equal 5.827.198 ton* 29,43 Premium Non subsidy 249.448 19.802.508 12.472 equal 324.272 ton** 1,65
  • 37. Variation of import tapioka year 2002-2007 TABLE 11 Source: Hendroko, 2008 a (Courtesy of Ditjen Tan Pangan) Year Tapioka Vol (Ton) Value (Thousand US$) 2002 25.977 4.833 2003 190.627 33.692 2004 56.760 10.450 2005 103.075 24.497 2006 305.309 70.372 2007 306.648 77.888
  • 38. How to solve the ethanol problem? Increase Production with Intensification and Extensification
  • 39. How to solve the ethanol problem? Use Hydrous Ethanol
  • 40. “ Dog Wood” Robert Warren
  • 41. Sumbangsih pada masyarakat dan negara untuk Mandiri Energi & Membangun Ekonomi Pedesaan
  • 42. CD
  • 44. Bioethanol/ Spiritus Stove 100 ml = 1 jam Kerosene 1 liter = 3-4 jam
  • 45. Bahenol Ex Agro Makmur Panca Jaya Raharja Berlian Pressure Stove Ex Jerman Pressure Stove Ex Berlian
  • 46. Ethanol Stove with Wick Blue fire Regulated Fire
  • 47. Soot/ black powdery Clean Black Smoke Ethanol Bensin/ gasoline Ethanol Stove Clean Smoke
  • 48.
  • 49. Ethanol Gel Stove Import Gel Domestic Gel
  • 50. Okt 08 Nop 08 Des 08 Jan 09 MOPS 0IL,CPO, BIODIESEL PRICE and IMPACT FOR BD PRODUCER OCTOBER 2 Th 2008 – JANUARY 8 Th 2009 11. Impact of Oil Price <<
  • 51. Danke schön Ang kêun Merci Kiitos Efcharisto Danyavad Gum xia Köszönöm Terima kasih Dekoju Eso Hvala Spasibo Ngiyabonga Wiyarrparlunpaju-yungu Tawdi Gracias Sha sha Giittus Maulanenga Añachaykin Dhannvaad Obrigado Grazie Thank You Qujanaq Xie xie Nodan mamomamo Shukran Arigato Ookini Gum xia מרסי mersi धन्यवाद Спасибо どうもありがとう。 جزاكم الله خيراً Teşekkür ederim MAY GOD BLESS US