This document discusses openness in learning and education. It defines key concepts like open learning, open educational resources (OER), MOOCs (massive open online courses), and open access. Open learning aims to remove barriers and provide flexibility for learners. OER are educational materials that can be freely used and shared under open licenses. MOOCs make university-level courses available online to any learner for free. Open access aims to make academic research articles freely available. The document questions how institutions can develop strategies for open education and new models of online learning.
2. The Open Education Movement
Open Learning
Open Educational Resources
MOOCs
Open Source Software in Education
Open Access
Discussion
Outline
3. • Open learning
• Open access
• Open education
practice
• Open educational
resources
• Open licensing
• Open source
• Open data
Open Sourxe.com CC-BY-SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/5535034664/ Adapted from Czerniewicz (2012) CC-BY-SA
Openness???
4. What does Openness mean?
• Reuse the content in its unaltered formReuse
• Adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the contentRevise
• Combine original or revised content with
other content to create something newRemix
• Make and share copies of the original
content, revisions, or remixes with othersRedistribute
6. The rise of Openness…
“The real revolution is that
universities, with scarcity at the
heart of their business models, are
embracing openness”
Sir John Daniel (2012)
7. What is Open Learning?
JISC CC-BY-NC-ND http://www.jisc.ac.uk/events
• Remove barriers to learning
• Provide students reasonable
chance for success
• Centred on learner needs
• Flexibility and choice over
what, when, where and how
they learn
8. Principles for Open Learning
Saide (2012) [CC-BY]
Opportunities and capacity
for lifelong learning
Learner-centred
Active engagement leading
to independent and critical
thinking
Flexible provision: Learners
increasingly determine
where, when, what and
how they learn
Recognise prior learning
and experience
Conditions for fair chance of
learner success through
learner support,
contextually appropriate
resources and sound
pedagogical practices
9. Open Educational Resources (OER)
“Educational materials and resources offered freely and
openly for anyone to use and − under some licenses − to
remix, improve and redistribute”
10. OER examples include textbooks,
videos, podcasts, simulations,
websites, course materials and more
11. Open Licenses
Open licenses allow you to copy
and distribute material, without
requiring payment or permission
13. Mathieu Plourde CC-BY https://www.flickr.com/photos/mathplourde/10425003764/
What are MOOCs?
14. Introduce fields
and support for
undergraduates
Develop skills and
introduce topics for
postgraduates
Special interest
topics for
postgraduates
Continuing education
and qualifications
Introduce topics with
high-profile presenters
Deacon, A, Small, J and Walji, S (2014) [CC-BY-SA]
15. Course Landscape in Higher Education
Deacon, A, Small, J and Walji, S (2014) [CC-BY-SA]
17. Free and Open Source Software
• Software
distributed along
with its source code
• Able to use and/or
modify the design
• Low-cost
technology option
• Opportunities for
educationopensource.com [CC-BY-SA] https://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/4624425596/
19. Open Access
• Rising prices of academic
journals have meant
some too expensive to
access
• Open Access: articles
that are freely and
openly available for
reading, reviewing and
distributing derivative
works
22. 1. Do you have a plan or strategy for open
education?
JISC CC-BY-NC-ND http://www.jisc.ac.uk/content/resources
23. 2. Do you have a plan or strategy for learning
technologies or new methods of delivery?
Fryer CC-BY http://www.flickr.com/photos/wfryer/7842702898/
24. 3. What kind of teachers should we be when
learning is mostly open and online?
Vanguard Visions [CC-BY] https://www.flickr.com/photos/77018488@N03/9315194075/
25. Thank You!
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
greigk@saide.org.za
greigk_za
Greig Krull
26. References
• Bates, T and Sangra, A (2011) Managing Technology in Higher Education: Strategies for
Transforming Teaching and Learning. John Wiley & Sons.
• Butcher, N and Hoosen, S (2014). A Guide to Quality in Post-Traditional Online Higher
Education. Academic Partnerships [CC-BY-SA]
• Czerniewicz, L. 2012. Open Education: Why it matters to South Africa
• Daniel, J (2012). Making Sense of MOOCs: Musings in a Maze of Myth, Paradox and
Possibility. Journal of Interactive Media in Education. [CC-BY]
• Deacon, A, Small, J and Walji, S (2014). Developing World MOOCs: A workshop on
MOOCs in Africa. e/merge Africa. [CC-BY-SA]
• Saide (2012). Empowering Learners through Open Learning. [CC-BY]
http://www.saide.org.za/11-open-learning
Notas del editor
Image: Teaching Open Source Practices, Open Source. Com CC-BY-SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/5535034664/sizes/o/in/photostream/
“Openness” can now be associated with learning materials, platforms and practices
Why is it important? Openness tackles the challenge of widening access to information and knowledge.
Image: JISC [CC-BY-NC-ND] http://www.jisc.ac.uk/events
Open Learning: Approach to education that seeks to remove barriers to learning, while aiming to provide students with a reasonable chance of success in an education system centred on their particular needs
Gives students flexibility and choice over what, when, where, at what pace, and how they learn
Success through learner support, contextually appropriate resources and sound pedagogical practices
Learners to increasingly determine where, when, what and how they learn, as well as the pace
Active engagement leading to independent and critical thinking
Commonwealth of Learning notes that open learning gives learners choices about: Medium or media (for example, print, on-line, television, or video); Place of study (at home, in the workplace, or on campus); Pace of study (closely paced or unstructured); Support mechanisms (for example, tutors on demand, audio conferences, or computer-assisted learning); Entry and exit points
Educational provision includes the development of resources designed for independent and collaborative learning. A logical place to start when considering the resources needed to support the curriculum is to consider what already exists.
OER goes beyond just sharing materials. By openly licensing these materials it enables others to remix, repurpose, improve, and redistribute educational materials.
Open educational resources (including curriculum maps, course materials, textbooks, streaming videos, multimedia applications, podcasts, or any other materials designed for use in teaching and learning) that are openly available for use by educators and students, without the need to pay royalties or license fees.
OER can exist as smaller, stand-alone resources (reusable learning objects) that can be mixed and combined to form larger pieces of content or as larger course modules or full courses. OER can also include simulations, virtual laboratories, collections, journals, and tools. These materials are considered open if they are released under an open license such as a Creative Commons license.
Without pay or permission, these licences allow you to copy and distribute the material.
Authors retain copyright
Without pay or permission, these licences allow you to copy and distribute the material.
Authors retain copyright
MOOCs tend to occupy the more informal space of education, but this is starting to change
Image: https://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/4624425596/
Well-known open source projects are the Linux operating system, the Mozilla Firefox Web browser, and the OpenOffice.org productivity suite
Image: Adapted from: Fred Cavazza, Social Media Landscape [CC-BY-NC-SA] http://www.flickr.com/photos/fredcavazza/2564571564
Journals are expensive!
Image: Why Open Access Matters, Kingsley and Brown, CC-BY http://aoasg.org.au
Benefits: Increase exposure, increased citations