2. is the oldest and last remainingof theSeven Wonders of the World
the pyramidwas constructed over a 20 yearperiod concludingaround2560BC
located at the city of Giza, a necropolis of ancient Memphis, and today part of Greater Cairo, Egypt.
thirtytimes largerthan the EmpireState Building (in mass), the Pyramid'sfeatures are so large theycan be seen from
the Moon.
believed to be built as the tomb of Fourth dynastyEgyptian pharaohKhufu (Cheops), after whom it is sometimes
called Khufu'sPyramidor the Pyramidof Khufu
rankedas thetallest structure on Earthfor morethan43 centuries, onlyto besurpassed in height inthe nineteenth
centuryAD
area covered by the Great pyramidcan accommodate St Peter's in Rome, thecathedrals of Florence and Milan, and
Westminster and St Paul's in London combined
temperature inside TheGreat Pyramidis at a constant 68degrees Fahrenheit,which is exactly the same at the earths
internaltemperature.

3. Located on the east bank of the River Euphrates,about 50 kmsouth of Baghdad, Iraq.
 NebuchadnezzarII (604-562BC)iscreditedfor building thelegendaryHanging Gardens
 has beensaid that the Gardenswerebuilt by him to pleasehis wifeor concubine whohad been"brought up in Mediaand
had a passion for mountain surroundings“.
 historians who give detaileddescriptionsof theHanging Gardensneversawthem
 detailed descriptionsof the Gardenscome from ancient Greeksources,including thewritingsof Strabo and Philoof
Byzantium
 one of the descriptionsis "TheHanging Gardenhas plants cultivated aboveground level,and the roots of the treesare
embeddedin an upper terraceratherthan in theearth.Thewhole mass issupported on stonecolumns...Streamsof water
emergingfrom elevatedsourcesflow down sloping channels... Thesewatersirrigatethe wholegardensaturating theroots of
plants and keepingthewhole areamoist.Hencethegrassis permanentlygreenand the leavesof treesgrow firmly attached to
supple branches...This is a workof art of royal luxury and its most strikingfeatureisthat the labor of cultivation issuspended
above the headsof the spectators".

4.  built in honor of the Greek goddess ofhunting andwild nature
 located atThe ancient city ofEphesus near the modern town of Selcuk, about 50 km south ofIzmir(Smyrna) in Turkey
 foundation of the temple dates back to the seventh century BC,but the structure that earned a spot in the list of Wonders was built
around 550 BC
 Referred toas the great marble temple, ortemple D
 sponsored by the Lydian king Croesus andwas designed by the Greek architect Chersiphron
decorated with bronze statues sculpted bythe most skilled artists oftheir time: Pheidias, Polycleitus, Kresilas, andPhradmon
 served as both a marketplace anda religious institution
 aman named Herostratus burned the temple toground in an attempt to immortalize his name On the night of July 21, 356 BC
 Over the next two decades, the temple was restored andis labeled "temple E"by archeologists
 The final chapter came when in AD 401 the Temple ofArtemis was torn down by St John Chrysostom, Ephesus was later deserted,
andonly in the late nineteenth century has the site been excavated
 The digging revealed the temple's foundation andthe road tothe now swampy site. Attempts were recently made torebuild the
temple, but only a few columns have been re-erected.

5. statue of the god inwhose honorthe Ancient Olympic games were held
At the time of the games, wars stopped, and athletes came from Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Sicilyto celebrate the
Olympics and to worship Zeus
located at the ancienttown of Olympia, on the west coast of modernGreece, about 150km west of Athens
temple of Zeus was designed by the architectLibon and was built around450BC
Atheniansculptor Phidias was assigned for the "sacred" task, to build the statue of Zeus
After the Olympic games were banned in AD 391by theemperor Theodosius I as Pagan practices, the temple of
Zeus was ordered closed.
Olympia was furtherstruck by earthquakes, landslides and floods, and the temple was damaged by fire in the fifth
centuryAD.
Earlier,the statue had been transported by wealthy Greeks to a palace in Constantinople, it survived until it was
destroyed by a severe fire inAD 462
today nothing remainsat the site of the old temple except rocks and debris, the foundation of the buildings, and
fallen columns.

6.  burialplace ofan ancient king
 beauty ofthe tomb ratherthan its size that fascinated its visitors for years
 located In the city of Bodrum (formallyknown as Halicarnassus) on the Aegean Sea, in south-west Turkey
 The construction ofthe tomb was envisioned by his wife andsister Artemisia, andthe construction might have started during the
king's lifetime
 The Mausoleum was completed around 350 BC,three years after Maussollos death, andone year after Artemisia's
 designed by four Greek architects - Bryaxis,Leochares, Scopas andTimotheus
 The beauty ofthe Mausoleum is notonly in the structure itself, but in the decorations andstatues that adornedthe outside at
different levels on the podium andthe roof
 These were tens oflife-size as well as under andover life-size free-standing statues ofpeople, lions, horses, andother animals.
 Because the statues were ofpeople andanimals, the Mausoleum holds aspecial place in history as it was not dedicated tothe gods
ofAncient Greece
 For 16 centuries, the Mausoleum remained in goodcondition until an earthquake caused some damage tothe roof andcolonnade.
In the early fifteenth century
 tothis day,only the foundation remains ofthe once magnificent Wonder

7. located At theentranceof the harborof the Mediterranean island of Rhodes inGreece
symbol of unityof the people who inhabited that beautiful Mediterranean island
a giant statue of the god Helios, erectedon the Greek island of Rhodes by Charesof Lindos
about the same size as the Statue of Liberty in NewYork,although it stood ona lower platform
the base was made of white marble, and the feet and ankleof the statue were first fixed. Thestructure was gradually
raised as the bronzeform was equipped with an iron and stone framework.
Whenthe colossus was finished, it stood about 33 m(110 ft) high.
construction took 12years and was finished in282BC
For years,the statue stood at the harbor entrance,untila strong earthquakehitRhodes about 226BC; Thecity was
badly damaged, and the Colossus was broken at its weakest point (the knee)
For almost a millennium, thestatue laid broken in ruins,then In AD654,the Arabs invaded Rhodes and
disassembled the remains of the brokenColossus and sold them to a Jew from Syria.

8.  the only ancient worldwonder that hada practical use in addition toits architectural elegance: - forsailors, it ensured asafe return to
the Great Harbor
- For architects, it meant even more: it wasthe tallest building on Earth
- forscientists, it was the mysterious mirrorthat fascinated them most...The mirror'sreflection could be seen morethan 50 km (35 miles)
off-shore.
 located On the ancient islandofPharos, now a promontory within the city ofAlexandria in Egypt.
 The islandwas connected tothe mainlandby means ofa dike -the Heptastadion- which gave the city a double harborAnd because of
dangerous sailing conditions andflat coastline in the region, the construction ofa lighthouse became necessary
 project was conceived andinitiated by Ptolemy Soter around290 BC,but was completed after his death, duringthe reign of hisson
Ptolemy Philadelphus
 the total height of the building, including the foundation base was about 117 m
 the internal core was used as ashaft tolift the fuel needed forthe fire andat the topstage, the mirrorreflected sunlight duringthe day
while firewas used during the night.
 in 1303 andin 1323, two earthquakes hit andleft a significant impression on the structure
 although, The final chapter in the history of the Lighthouse came in 1480, when the Egyptian Mamelouk Sultan, Qaitbay, decided to
fortify Alexandria's defense. He built a medieval forton the same spot where the Lighthouse once stood, using the fallen stone and
marble.
 the Lighthouse ofAlexandria was the last todisappear (of the 6 wonders that did)