1. The Long Tail

3. The Main Body. Big businesses such as play.com and facebook make up this area. Specialty items Popularity

4. The Tail Small narrow niches form the tail. Not as popular content. Much wider range of content.

5. Main body Examples Facebook Play.com Thesun.co.uk Ebay.co.uk

6. Tail Examples Ultimate-guitar.com – offers guitar tabs Manchesterphoenix.co.uk www.abandoned-britain.com

7. Case Study - Facebook

8. Case Study - Facebook Adverts Questionnaires

9. Case study – play.com Offers dvd’s, books etc. Clothing Gadgets

10. Case study – play.com

11. Case Study – Ultimate-guitar.com Provides tabs for guitar and bass Has video lessons for some tabs

12. Case Study – Ultimate-guitar.com Musical News – up to date info on bands Music Reviews Music Interviews

13. Business Models Some of the most successful Internet businesses have leveraged the Long Tail as part of their businesses. The adoption of video games and massively multiplayer online games such as Second Life as tools for education and training is starting to show a long-tailed pattern.

14. Criticism Anita Elberse, professor of business administration at Harvard Business School,calls the Long Tail theory into question. Elbersedefined head and tail using percentages, while Anderson uses absolute numbers. SergueiNetessine and Tom F. Tan agreed with Elberse.

15. CROWDS The "crowds" of customers, users and small companies that inhabit the Long Tail distribution can perform collaborative and assignment work. Some relevant forms of these new production models are: Peer-to-peer collaboration groups that produce open-source software or create wikis such as Wikipedia.

16. CROWDS The crowd-sourcing model, in which a company outsources work to a large group of market players using a collaborative online platform. The model of ‘crowd-casting’: the process of building a network of users and then delivering challenges or tasks to be solved with the purpose of gaining insights or innovative ideas.