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GO- BACK N ARQ,[object Object],TEAMS:,[object Object],BANDWIDTH BROTHERS,[object Object],DEADLOCK,[object Object],FOSTERS,[object Object],NEW CREATORS,[object Object],ROTHMANS,[object Object]
INTRODUCTION,[object Object],CONCEPT OF PIPELINING,[object Object],IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRANSMISSION,[object Object],WHY ITS CALLED GO- BACK N ARQ,[object Object],CONCEPT OF SEQUENCE NUMBERS, SLIDING WINDOW, TIMERS ,ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND RESENDING FRAME. ,[object Object]
DISADVANTAGES OF STOP AND WAIT,[object Object],1) Efficiency is very less if channel is thick and long.,[object Object], Thick means channel has large bandwidth.,[object Object], Long means the round trip is delay product of these ,[object Object], two is called bandwidth delay product...,[object Object],2) There is no pipelining because we need to wait for a frame to reach the destination and be acknowledged before the next frame can be sent.,[object Object]
PIPELINING,[object Object],In networking if a task is often began before the previous task ended. This is known as PIPELINING.,[object Object]
SLIDING WINDOW,[object Object],[object Object]
RECEIVE SLIDING WINDOW,[object Object]
Send window after sliding,[object Object],Sf,[object Object],Sn,[object Object]
Receive window before sliding,[object Object],Rn,[object Object]
Receive window after sliding,[object Object],Rn,[object Object]
Delay component in ARQ,[object Object],[object Object]
Effective transmission ratae.
Transmission efficiency.,[object Object]
RECEIVER WINDOW,[object Object]
PIGGYBACKING,[object Object],Control signal is attached with Data signal.,[object Object],		Request Window  Sender Window,[object Object],		Arrival Window  Both Window {Data, Control},[object Object],Used to improve the efficiency of the Bidirectional Protocol.,[object Object],Carries control information about arrival or lost frames,[object Object],Both Sender and the Receiver window use a timer and are involved in three types of events.,[object Object],		Request.,[object Object],		Arrival.,[object Object],		Time-out.,[object Object],Both site must use the same Algorithm.,[object Object]
Go  Back N ARQ
Go-Back-N Error Recovery,[object Object],The recovery of a corrupted Frame proceeds in three stages:,[object Object],[object Object]
Second, the remote node requests retransmission of the missing frame using a control frame (sometimes called a NACK or REJECT). The receiver discards all frame s which do not have the number of the requested frame.
The final stage consists of retransmission of the lost frame(s).,[object Object]
DISADVANTAGES OF GO-BACK N ARQ,[object Object],Buffer requirement:,[object Object],Transmitter needs to store the last N packets,[object Object],Scheme is inefficient when round-trip delay large and data transmission rate is high,[object Object],Retransmission of many error-free packets following an erroneous packet,[object Object],When RTT is large: for a high number of NACK, a lot of BW is wasted,[object Object],If NACK is lost , a long time is wasted until re-transmission of all packets (until another NACK is sent).,[object Object]
Selective Repeat ARQ,[object Object],To overcome the disadvantages of GO BACK N ARQ, we use Selective Repeat ARQ,[object Object],To utilize more bandwidth,[object Object]

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