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Mid-Term Study Slideshow #3 ART IN CONTEXT ART 213 10:00AM & 2:00PM MW James Greene
This Midterm Study Slideshow Covers the Following: Unit 4- Art & Cultural Mythology -The Ancients Upper Paleolithic, Sumerian, Assyrian, Egyptian, Agean, Minoan -Greek Art Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic
Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS The
Venus
of
Willendorf,

 Upper
Paleolithic,

 c.15,000‐10,000
BC,
Stone.

 Exaggerated
breasts,
belly,
hips
 No
face‐
arms
are
de‐emphasized

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Ur
Ziggurat,
Sumerian,
21st
Century
BC,

 Sun‐dried
bricks
and
fired
bricks.
 Held
a
dual
government/religious
purpose.
Capped
with
temple.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS The
Code
of
Hammurabi
(Codex
Hammurabi)
 is
a
well‐preserved
ancient
law
code,
created
 ca.
1790
BC
in
ancient
Babylon.
It
was
 enacted
by
the
sixth
Babylonian
king,
 Hammurabi.

One
nearly
complete
example
 of
the
Code
survives
today,
inscribed
on
a
 seven
foot,
four
inch
tall
diorite.
In
the
 Akkadian
language
in
the
cuneiform
script.


Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Narmer
Pale<e,
31st
Century
BC,
(Old
Kingdom)
Egypt,
slate.
 Commemorated
the
unificaUon
of
upper
and
lower
Nile
civilizaUons‐
(the
two
Egypts)
 under
a
single
ruler,
King
Narmer,
shown
here
beaUng
his
enemies.
King
Narmer
shown
 herein
profile
with
symbols
of
gods
looking
on,
sacUoning
his
acUons
as
he
beats
his
 enemies
into
submission.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Ka
Statue
of
Khafre,

 c.
2575–
c.
2465
BC
(Old
Kingdom)
 Egypt,
diorite.
 From
tomb
of
Khafre
(called
 Cheops
by
the
Greeks)
 Used
as
a
backup
“vehicle”
for
the
 king’s
Ka
or
spirit

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Great
Pyramid
of
Giza
completed
2540
BC
(Old
Kingdom)
limestone,

 The
largest
of
the
3
contains
over
2.3
million
quarried
bricks
weighing
2.5
tons
each.
 It
is
sUll
unknown
how
these
structures
were
built
or
how
long
it
took.
 Some
say
the
Great
Pyramid
was
built
in
20
years.
(At
that
rate,
they
would
have
had
to
lay
80
 tons
of
stone
a
day.)

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Hatshepsut
Temple
1508
BC
‐
1458
BC
(Middle
Kingdom)
Carved
stone
 Made
during
the
reign
of
Queen
Hatshesput,
the
most
successful
Pharaoh.
 Temple
is
carved
out
of
“living
stone”
instead
of
built
from
quarried
stones.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Pillar
Statue
Of
Akhenaten
 From
The
Temple
Of
Amen
 Re,
ca.
1356
BC
(New
 Kingdom)
Egypt,.

 sandstone,
painted.
 Akhenaten
ushered
in
 radical
monotheism
and
a
 change
in
representaUonal
 styles
 Under
Akhenaten,
sensuous
 contours
were
favored
over
 rigid
formalism.
 Bust
of
Queen
NeferJJ
ca.
1344
BC
(New
Kingdom)
Egypt
 Limestone,
painted,
 Her
classic
profile
reiterated
the
contours
of
her
husband’s
 statue.
Naturalism
is
enhanced
with
the
applicaUon
of
paint.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Cycladic
Idol
ca.
2500‐1100
 BC,
Agean,
marble.
 These
idols
usually
represent
 ferUlity
goddesses.
 Their
pared‐down
geometry
 makes
them
unmistakable.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Palace
at
Knossos,
Crete
ca.
1500,
Minoan.
 Famed
King
Minos
built
this
impressive
palace
well
before
Athens
would
rise
to
power
 Known
for
its
convoluted
corridors‐
came
to
be
associated
with
myth
of
the
Minotaur.
 Filled
with
luxurious
innovaUons
like
indoor
plumbing
and
fresco
wall
painUngs.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Bullfighter
Fresco
from
Palace
at
Knossos,

 Crete,
ca.
1500
BC
Minoan
 Depicts
sports
spectacle
OR
a
form
of
ritual
human/animal
sacrifice
or
a
 combinaUon
of
the
two.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Gods
and
heroes
are
the
 subject
of
the
epic
lyric
 poem
The
Iliad,
agributed
 to
the
early
poet
Homer.
 The
Iliad
is
considered
the
 master
narraUve
of
 western
civilizaUon
and
it
 inspired
countless
 artworks.
 Greek
Korous
figure,
ca.
600
BC,
(Archaic
Period)
 marble.
 The
style
is
borrowed
from
EgypUan
pillar
statuary.
 Rigid,
roboUc
look.
The
Greek
“gods”
were
thought
 to
take
the
form
of
humans‐
they
had
perfect,
 youthful
features
BUT
ALSO
tragic
human
flaws.

Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS KriJos
Boy
(or
KriJean
Boy)
ca.
 480
BC,
(Severe/
Early
Classical
 Style)
Marble.
 First
known
example
of
a
realisUc
 representaUon
of
the
human
form.
 Elegant
and
realisUc
contrapposto
 stance‐
where
weight
is
shihed
 onto
one
leg.
 The
realisUc
Severe
Style
was
 abandoned
aher
only
a
 generaUon.


Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASICAL GREEK ART Riace
Warriors
ca.
445
BC
(early
 Classical
period)
bronze.
 Discovered
by
accident
in
1972
off
 the
coast
of
Italy
.
 Cast
from
human
models
and
 embellished
to
give
them
“ideal”
 proporUons.
 The
best
preserved
examples
of
 original
Greek
bronze
figures.

Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Doryphoros
(spearbearer)
Polykleitos,
ca.
450‐440
 BC,
Roman
marble
copy
 A
contemporary
of
Pythagoras

 Developed
a
“divine”
proporUonal
scheme
to
 “perfect”
humanity.

Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Diskobolus
(or
The
Discus
Thrower):
ca.
 450
BC
(Early
Classical)
Roman
copy
 Original
bronze
accredited
to
Myron.
 ArUsts
were
experimenUng
with
bodies
 frozen
in
dynamic
acUon.

 This
famous
(now
lost)
bronze
was
later
 copied
in
marble
by
Romans.

Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART The
Parthenon
(Temple
of
Athena
 Parthenos)
at
the
Acropolis,
Athens,
 447‐438
BC
 If
Doryphoros
is
an
example
of
the
divine
 human
proporUons,
then
the
Parthenon
is
 the
equivalent
in
architecture.


Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Three
goddesses
HesJa,
Dione
and
Aphrodite(?)
447‐438
BC
marble
 (East
pediment
of
Parthenon
depicUng
birth
of
Athena)
 Unsurpassed
carving‐
deep
shadows,
diaphanous
drapery
clinging
to
their
forms

Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Nike
AdjusJng
Her
Sandal,
from
the
Temple
 to
Athena
Nike,
Acropolis,
Athens
447‐438
 BC,
marble

 Winged
victory
is
seen
in
an
awkward
pose
 rendered
graceful
by
skilled
arUsts.
 The
lines
of
Nike’s
oumit
bear
a
striking
 resemblance
to
the
Nike
Swoosh
trademark.

Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Reconstructed
Altar
of
Zeus
from
Pergamon,
 in
Turkey
(Now
in
the
Staatlcihe
Museen
in
 Berlin)
ca.
175
BC
 400
running
feet
of
furious
bagle
scenes‐
Zeus
 and
the
Gods
of
Olympia
vs.
Titans
(Giants)
 Athena
Ba<ling
Alkyoneos,
 from
Altar
of
Zeus,
 Pergamon
ca.
175
BC
 Athena
grabs
the
giant’s
 hair
and
prepares
to
bash
 him
with
her
shield
edge.
 Nike
swooshes
in
to
crown
 Athena
with
wreath.

Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Dying
Gaul,
from
Altar
of
Zeus,
Pergamon,
ca.
 220
BC,
Roman
marble
copy.
 RealisUc
depicUon
of
a
dying
Gaul
(Barbarian)
 writhing
in
pain.
 Bushy
hair,
mustache,
and
neckband
or
torque
 .

Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Nike
of
Samothrace
(Nike
alighJng
 on
a
warship)
ca.
190
BC,
marble
 Now
stands
in
the
Louvre,
in
Paris.
 From
a
war
monument
on
the
island
 of
Samothrace.
 Originally
placed
on
a
fountain‐
 heightening
the
drama
of
winged
 victory.
 Her
enUre
posture
says
TRIUMPH.



Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Laocoon
(and
his
two
sons)
 early
1st
century
(late
 HellenisUc)
marble
 Trojan
priest
strangled
to
death
 by
sea
serpents.
(from
Homer’s
 Iliad
&
Virgil’s
Aneid)
 Pain,
anguish,
intensity
of
 human
emoUon,
dynamism,
 acUon‐

are
all
on
 display
in
this
epic
work.
 Commissioned
by
Romans,
 carved
by
Greek
arUsts
 Athanadoros
and
Hagesandos.

Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK (Hellenistic) Odysseus
Blinding
Drunken
Polyphemos

Late
HellenisUc
period.

 Roman
marble
copy
of
bronze
original
cast
by
the
Greek
arUsts
Athanadoros,
 Hagesandos
and
Polydoros
in
the
2nd
Century
BC.
The
marbles
were
found
in
 a
cave
near
the
resort
city
of
Sperlonga,
Italy
in
1960.


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Midtermslideshow#3

  • 1. Mid-Term Study Slideshow #3 ART IN CONTEXT ART 213 10:00AM & 2:00PM MW James Greene
  • 2. This Midterm Study Slideshow Covers the Following: Unit 4- Art & Cultural Mythology -The Ancients Upper Paleolithic, Sumerian, Assyrian, Egyptian, Agean, Minoan -Greek Art Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic
  • 3. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS The
Venus
of
Willendorf,

 Upper
Paleolithic,

 c.15,000‐10,000
BC,
Stone.

 Exaggerated
breasts,
belly,
hips
 No
face‐
arms
are
de‐emphasized

  • 4. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Ur
Ziggurat,
Sumerian,
21st
Century
BC,

 Sun‐dried
bricks
and
fired
bricks.
 Held
a
dual
government/religious
purpose.
Capped
with
temple.

  • 5. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS The
Code
of
Hammurabi
(Codex
Hammurabi)
 is
a
well‐preserved
ancient
law
code,
created
 ca.
1790
BC
in
ancient
Babylon.
It
was
 enacted
by
the
sixth
Babylonian
king,
 Hammurabi.

One
nearly
complete
example
 of
the
Code
survives
today,
inscribed
on
a
 seven
foot,
four
inch
tall
diorite.
In
the
 Akkadian
language
in
the
cuneiform
script.


  • 6. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Narmer
Pale<e,
31st
Century
BC,
(Old
Kingdom)
Egypt,
slate.
 Commemorated
the
unificaUon
of
upper
and
lower
Nile
civilizaUons‐
(the
two
Egypts)
 under
a
single
ruler,
King
Narmer,
shown
here
beaUng
his
enemies.
King
Narmer
shown
 herein
profile
with
symbols
of
gods
looking
on,
sacUoning
his
acUons
as
he
beats
his
 enemies
into
submission.

  • 7. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Ka
Statue
of
Khafre,

 c.
2575–
c.
2465
BC
(Old
Kingdom)
 Egypt,
diorite.
 From
tomb
of
Khafre
(called
 Cheops
by
the
Greeks)
 Used
as
a
backup
“vehicle”
for
the
 king’s
Ka
or
spirit

  • 8. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Great
Pyramid
of
Giza
completed
2540
BC
(Old
Kingdom)
limestone,

 The
largest
of
the
3
contains
over
2.3
million
quarried
bricks
weighing
2.5
tons
each.
 It
is
sUll
unknown
how
these
structures
were
built
or
how
long
it
took.
 Some
say
the
Great
Pyramid
was
built
in
20
years.
(At
that
rate,
they
would
have
had
to
lay
80
 tons
of
stone
a
day.)

  • 9. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Hatshepsut
Temple
1508
BC
‐
1458
BC
(Middle
Kingdom)
Carved
stone
 Made
during
the
reign
of
Queen
Hatshesput,
the
most
successful
Pharaoh.
 Temple
is
carved
out
of
“living
stone”
instead
of
built
from
quarried
stones.

  • 10. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Pillar
Statue
Of
Akhenaten
 From
The
Temple
Of
Amen
 Re,
ca.
1356
BC
(New
 Kingdom)
Egypt,.

 sandstone,
painted.
 Akhenaten
ushered
in
 radical
monotheism
and
a
 change
in
representaUonal
 styles
 Under
Akhenaten,
sensuous
 contours
were
favored
over
 rigid
formalism.
 Bust
of
Queen
NeferJJ
ca.
1344
BC
(New
Kingdom)
Egypt
 Limestone,
painted,
 Her
classic
profile
reiterated
the
contours
of
her
husband’s
 statue.
Naturalism
is
enhanced
with
the
applicaUon
of
paint.

  • 11. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Cycladic
Idol
ca.
2500‐1100
 BC,
Agean,
marble.
 These
idols
usually
represent
 ferUlity
goddesses.
 Their
pared‐down
geometry
 makes
them
unmistakable.

  • 12. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Palace
at
Knossos,
Crete
ca.
1500,
Minoan.
 Famed
King
Minos
built
this
impressive
palace
well
before
Athens
would
rise
to
power
 Known
for
its
convoluted
corridors‐
came
to
be
associated
with
myth
of
the
Minotaur.
 Filled
with
luxurious
innovaUons
like
indoor
plumbing
and
fresco
wall
painUngs.

  • 13. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Bullfighter
Fresco
from
Palace
at
Knossos,

 Crete,
ca.
1500
BC
Minoan
 Depicts
sports
spectacle
OR
a
form
of
ritual
human/animal
sacrifice
or
a
 combinaUon
of
the
two.

  • 14. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS Gods
and
heroes
are
the
 subject
of
the
epic
lyric
 poem
The
Iliad,
agributed
 to
the
early
poet
Homer.
 The
Iliad
is
considered
the
 master
narraUve
of
 western
civilizaUon
and
it
 inspired
countless
 artworks.
 Greek
Korous
figure,
ca.
600
BC,
(Archaic
Period)
 marble.
 The
style
is
borrowed
from
EgypUan
pillar
statuary.
 Rigid,
roboUc
look.
The
Greek
“gods”
were
thought
 to
take
the
form
of
humans‐
they
had
perfect,
 youthful
features
BUT
ALSO
tragic
human
flaws.

  • 15. Art & Cultural Mythology: THE ANCIENTS KriJos
Boy
(or
KriJean
Boy)
ca.
 480
BC,
(Severe/
Early
Classical
 Style)
Marble.
 First
known
example
of
a
realisUc
 representaUon
of
the
human
form.
 Elegant
and
realisUc
contrapposto
 stance‐
where
weight
is
shihed
 onto
one
leg.
 The
realisUc
Severe
Style
was
 abandoned
aher
only
a
 generaUon.


  • 16. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASICAL GREEK ART Riace
Warriors
ca.
445
BC
(early
 Classical
period)
bronze.
 Discovered
by
accident
in
1972
off
 the
coast
of
Italy
.
 Cast
from
human
models
and
 embellished
to
give
them
“ideal”
 proporUons.
 The
best
preserved
examples
of
 original
Greek
bronze
figures.

  • 17. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Doryphoros
(spearbearer)
Polykleitos,
ca.
450‐440
 BC,
Roman
marble
copy
 A
contemporary
of
Pythagoras

 Developed
a
“divine”
proporUonal
scheme
to
 “perfect”
humanity.

  • 18. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Diskobolus
(or
The
Discus
Thrower):
ca.
 450
BC
(Early
Classical)
Roman
copy
 Original
bronze
accredited
to
Myron.
 ArUsts
were
experimenUng
with
bodies
 frozen
in
dynamic
acUon.

 This
famous
(now
lost)
bronze
was
later
 copied
in
marble
by
Romans.

  • 19. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART The
Parthenon
(Temple
of
Athena
 Parthenos)
at
the
Acropolis,
Athens,
 447‐438
BC
 If
Doryphoros
is
an
example
of
the
divine
 human
proporUons,
then
the
Parthenon
is
 the
equivalent
in
architecture.


  • 20. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Three
goddesses
HesJa,
Dione
and
Aphrodite(?)
447‐438
BC
marble
 (East
pediment
of
Parthenon
depicUng
birth
of
Athena)
 Unsurpassed
carving‐
deep
shadows,
diaphanous
drapery
clinging
to
their
forms

  • 21. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK ART Nike
AdjusJng
Her
Sandal,
from
the
Temple
 to
Athena
Nike,
Acropolis,
Athens
447‐438
 BC,
marble

 Winged
victory
is
seen
in
an
awkward
pose
 rendered
graceful
by
skilled
arUsts.
 The
lines
of
Nike’s
oumit
bear
a
striking
 resemblance
to
the
Nike
Swoosh
trademark.

  • 22. Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Reconstructed
Altar
of
Zeus
from
Pergamon,
 in
Turkey
(Now
in
the
Staatlcihe
Museen
in
 Berlin)
ca.
175
BC
 400
running
feet
of
furious
bagle
scenes‐
Zeus
 and
the
Gods
of
Olympia
vs.
Titans
(Giants)
 Athena
Ba<ling
Alkyoneos,
 from
Altar
of
Zeus,
 Pergamon
ca.
175
BC
 Athena
grabs
the
giant’s
 hair
and
prepares
to
bash
 him
with
her
shield
edge.
 Nike
swooshes
in
to
crown
 Athena
with
wreath.

  • 23. Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Dying
Gaul,
from
Altar
of
Zeus,
Pergamon,
ca.
 220
BC,
Roman
marble
copy.
 RealisUc
depicUon
of
a
dying
Gaul
(Barbarian)
 writhing
in
pain.
 Bushy
hair,
mustache,
and
neckband
or
torque
 .

  • 24. Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Nike
of
Samothrace
(Nike
alighJng
 on
a
warship)
ca.
190
BC,
marble
 Now
stands
in
the
Louvre,
in
Paris.
 From
a
war
monument
on
the
island
 of
Samothrace.
 Originally
placed
on
a
fountain‐
 heightening
the
drama
of
winged
 victory.
 Her
enUre
posture
says
TRIUMPH.



  • 25. Art & Cultural Mythology: HELLENISTIC GREEK ART Laocoon
(and
his
two
sons)
 early
1st
century
(late
 HellenisUc)
marble
 Trojan
priest
strangled
to
death
 by
sea
serpents.
(from
Homer’s
 Iliad
&
Virgil’s
Aneid)
 Pain,
anguish,
intensity
of
 human
emoUon,
dynamism,
 acUon‐

are
all
on
 display
in
this
epic
work.
 Commissioned
by
Romans,
 carved
by
Greek
arUsts
 Athanadoros
and
Hagesandos.

  • 26. Art & Cultural Mythology: CLASSICAL GREEK (Hellenistic) Odysseus
Blinding
Drunken
Polyphemos

Late
HellenisUc
period.

 Roman
marble
copy
of
bronze
original
cast
by
the
Greek
arUsts
Athanadoros,
 Hagesandos
and
Polydoros
in
the
2nd
Century
BC.
The
marbles
were
found
in
 a
cave
near
the
resort
city
of
Sperlonga,
Italy
in
1960.