2. A Cultural Journey By Eddy A. Sumar, MBA, CCE, CICE Copyright Eddy A. Sumar 2009 ERS Consulting Services In Collaboration with The County of San Bernardino Economic Development Agency & CITD Presents
4. The World is Global Trade agreements International trade Multinational corporations The privatization of state enterprises The ability to locate business, particularly manufacturing, wherever the cost is lowest The ability to execute financial transactions instantaneously on a global basis The ability of information and communication technology to transcend time and distance Business is Global
5. Have a global mindset! Understand the world Understand Self Think Global and Act Local Think Local and Act Global Understand Culture Understand People Globalization cries out:
9. Cultural intelligence Cultural intelligence is the capability to deal effectively with people from different cultural backgrounds Cultural intelligence is not difficult to understand but it is difficult to put into practice on an ongoing basis
12. Culture is…… The collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another. Geert Hofstede The customs, beliefs, art and all other products of human thought, made by a particular group of people at a particular time. Richard D. Lewis Beliefs, norms, and attitudes that are used to guide our behaviors and to solve human problems. Guo-Ming Chen, William Starosta
13. Culture is: The way we dress The way we communicate (verbal and non-verbal) The way we relate to others and authority Our outlook and attitude toward life Our perception of self and role in society Our perception of time Our space perception The way we learn and study A way of life
14. Culture is below the surface…… Culture hides more than what it reveals, and strangely enough, what it hides, it hides most effectively from its own participants. Edward Hall
15. Culture is like an iceberg: only a part of it is seen; all the rest is hidden under the water
17. Layers of cultures A national level A regional level A generation level A gender level A social class level Organizational or corporate level A personal level
33. Individual ……………Group Direct…………………Indirect Verbal………………..Non-verbal Informal……………..Formal Egalitarian…………..Hierarchical Task………………….Relationship Universal…………….Situational Dimensions of National Culture
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38. Communicating Across Cultures Communication is the interchange of messages [ verbal & non-verbal ] between people. It is the fundamental building block of social experience. We always communicate whether we are selling, buying, negotiating, leading or working with each other
39. MESSAGE FEEDBACK Speaker Sender With Knowledge Experience Values Feelings Communication skills Etc. Listener Receiver With Knowledge Experience Values Feelings Communication skills Etc. Communication
40. Body language Up to 90 % of our communication is non-verbal Supportive body language Non-supportive body language
43. Personal space The American bubble Extends about 12-15 inches (combined 24-30 inches) Asian, especially the Japanese, stand even further apart Latin Americans, Mexicans, Mediterranean people stand much closer
46. Communication styles In direct convention of communication most of the message is placed in the content of the communication – the actual words that are used In indirect convention the context is more important, such elements as the previous history of relations between the participants, power distance, the physical setting, nonverbal clues and others
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54. Cross-cultural negotiation Phases of negotiation Building a relationship Exchanging information Trying to persuade each other Making concessions and reaching agreements
55. Western culture mainly take a “transactional” approach: they focus mainly on the last two stages Many other cultures pay more attention to creating a background relationship: they emphasize the social side of the situation over the task side
56. Principles of cross-cultural negotiation Gain cultural knowledge to anticipate differences Practice mindfulness: pay attention to the context and the conventions of communication Develop adaptive skills
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59. Multicultural teams Culturally diverse groups have the potential both for higher achievement and greater failure than single culture groups. In order to avoid failures team members need cultural knowledge and the knowledge of group types, group tasks, group structure and processes
60. Development of culturally diverse groups Forming – becoming familiar with each other Storming – going through inevitable conflicts ( who is doing what and how to go about things) Norming – starting to develop common expectations Performing – finally working effectively together
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71. Become a Global Citizen. A global citizen is able to work effectively together with other people of any culture, personality, or profession. Become a cultural commuter, one who can cross from culture to culture with ease and naturalness.
72. Dealing with the World of Culture The Serpent & The Eagle The Fox & the Hedgehog Chameleon Wisdom In Execution W
