Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Vehicular Pollution At Indore
1. Vehicular Pollution
at
Indore city
Dr. Gunwant Joshi
Scientist
M.P.Pollution Control Board
Indore
2. What is Pollution
Pollution is undesirable change in the quality of our
Environment (Land, Water & Air) that adversely affects
Human Life, Our Property, Trade & Commerce, Industries
and the Life of the Desired Species of Plants and Animals
Defines
Air Pollutants : Solids, Liquids, or Gas ( including Noise)
present in Atmosphere in such concentrations as may be,
or tend to be injurious to humans, other living creatures,
plants, property or the environment.
Air Pollution : Presence of Pollutants in Atmosphere
3. Vehicular Pollution is caused by
1.Emissions from Vehicle tail pipes
2. Crank Case emissions
3. Fugitive emissions from fuel tanks
5. Environmental Fact-Sheet of
Thermal Power Plant at
Talcher(200MW)
Oxygen:25,000 MT; Coal : 9,000 MT; Water: 1,10,000 M3
Carbon di Oxide : 50,000 MT, Nitrous Oxide : 9000 Kg
Sulfur di Oxide : 270 Kg, Fly Ash Slurry : 3500 MT
Lead : 208 Kg, Zinc : 56 Kg , Nickel : 56.5Kg, Cobalt :112 Kg
Cadmium : 51 Kg, Copper : 45 Kg, Chromium : 60.6 Kg
Uranium : 4.6 Kg, Thorium : 16.5 Kg
6. The Effects of Various Air Pollutants
The Effects of Various Air
The Cause Pollutants
The Effects
Suspended Particulate Adverse effect on the Respiratory System,
Matter [SPM and PM 10] Visibility & Standing Crops. Corrosion of
Metals, Inconvenience and Annoyance
Oxides of Sulfur Suffocation and Adverse effects on Upper
[ SO2 ] Respiratory Tract, Acute & Chronic injury to
Plants leaves, Corrosion of Metals,Acid Rains.
Hydrocarbons Carcinogenic, Adverse effect on plants,
Causes Smog [ PAN with NOx ]
Oxides of Nitrogen Irritation of Eyes and Nose, Damage to Plant
[ NOx ] leaves, Corrosion of Metals, Acid Rain, Smog
Carbon Monoxide Causes headache, Dizziness, Nausia,
[CO] Competes with Oxygen in Respiratory
Metabolism
7. The Effects of Various Air Pollutants
The Effects of Various Air
The Cause Pollutants
The Effects
Oxidants eg.[Ozone] Disturbs lung Function, Induces coughing.
Irritation of Eyes, Nose & Throat. Discolors
Leaves and Objects. Forms Smog.
Hydrogen Fluorides Respiratory diseases, General irritation.
[HF]
Hydrogen Sulfides Odor nuisance, Irritation of Respiratory
[H2s] system.
Chlorine Irritation of Eyes and Nose and respiratory
[ Cl2 ] system. Respiratory Diseases
Lead [Pb] Carcinogenic, Effects CNS, Causes
impotency. Causes Mental retardation.
8. Major Air Pollution Episodes
Major Air Pollution Episodes
World Over 1
Occurrence Time World Over Excess Deaths
Location
December,1930 Meuse Valley, Belgium 63 Humans
& Most Cattle
October,1948 Donora, Pennsylvania, USA >20
November,1950 Pozarica, Mexico >22
December,1952 London, United Kingdom 400
November,1953 New York, USA 220
January, 1956 London, United Kingdom 1,000
December, 1957 London, United Kingdom 750
December, 1962 London, United Kingdom 700
December, 1963 New York, USA 300
December, 1966 New York, USA >168
9. Major Air Pollution Episodes
Major Air Pollution Episodes
World Over 2
Occurrence World Over Excess Deaths
Location
Time
December,1984 Bhopal, India 3000+
1991 - 1992 Gulf War, Middle East Not Known
December, 1994 Cheng Quinn, China Not Known
November, 1997 Manila, Philippines >300+
December, 1998 Mexico City, Mexico >138+
September,2001 WTC Tower,New York 350+
November,2001 Afghanistan,War on Terrorism Not Known
10. The Ambient Air Various Air
The Effects of Pollution and
Related Unnatural Deaths in Cities
Pollutants
CITY TSPM [ µg/m3] CONDITION UNNATURAL DEATHS STATUS
1991-93 1995
Kolkata 344 Critical 5,726 10,646 +
Delhi 410 Critical 7,491 9,359 +
Mumbai 246 Critical 4,477 7,043 +
Chennai 241 High 863 1,299 +
Kanpur 470 Critical 1,894 3,639 +
Ahmedabad 268 Critical 2,979 3,006 +
Hyderabad 179 High 768 1,961 +
Patana 330 Critical 725 1,182 +
Moderate = 71 to 140, High = 141 to 210, and Critical = >210
11. The Ambient AirVarious Air
The Effects of Pollution and
Related Unnatural Deaths in Cities
Pollutants
CITY TSPM [ µg/m3] CONDITION UNNATURAL DEATHS STATUS
1991-93 1995
Nagpur 186 High 506 607 +
Shimla 142 High 32 25 +
Banglore 147 High 254 254 +/-
Kota 241 Critical 209 364 +
Kochhi 113 Moderate 146 146 +/-
Bhopal 263 Critical 663 653 -
Indore 388 Critical 1341 1527 +
Jamshedpur 118 Moderate 118 158 +
Moderate = 71 to 140, High = 141 to 210, and Critical = >210
12. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Sites
Air QualityIndore City Sites at
at Monitoring
Indore City
13. Percentage Exceedence of Observed values
Percentage exceedence of
at Indore City Over the Prescribed Limits
observed values at Indore city
Locality [Limits] TSPM PM10 SO2 & Nox
Over the Prescribed values
[ mean range ] [ mean range] [ mean range]
Telephone Nagar [Residential] 88.6 98.0 Well
[ TSPM : 200 µg/m3] within
[253 - 406] [177 - 347]
[ PM10 : 100 µg/m3]
[ SO2 and NoX : 80 µg/m3 ]
Limits
Kothari Market [Commercial] 95.0 98.5 Well
[ TSPM : 200 µg/m3] within
[327 - 579] [308 - 492]
[ PM10 : 100 µg/m3]
[ SO2 and NoX : 80 µg/m3 ]
Limits
Pologround [Industrial] 56.4 97.0 Well
[ TSPM : 500 µg/m3] within
[458 - 635] [360 - 529]
[ PM10 : 150 µg/m3]
[ SO2 and NoX : 120 µg/m3 ]
Limits
14. Pollution Status of Suspended
Pollution Status of Suspended
Particulates in Residential Area
Particulates in Residential Area
Status Concentration Percentage of
Parameter [ in µg/m3 ]
the Values
[Limits] Observed
Total Suspended Low 00 to 70 0.31 Percent
Particulate Moderate 71 to 140 3.39 Percent
High 141 to 210 9.70 Percent
Matter
Critical >210 86.6 Percent
[ TSPM : 200 µg/m3]
Respirable Dust Low 00 to 30 0.02 Percent
or PM10 Moderate 31 to 60 0.32 Percent
[ PM10 : 100 µg/m3] High 61 to 90 0.56 Percent
Critical >91 99.1 Percent
