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Measuring and Mapping Population
- 1. Measuring and mapping p p pp g population From national to local scales David Martin University of Southampton y p RGS/GA lecture, Peter Symonds College, 3 November 2009
- 2. A few introductions… • School of Geography, University of Southampton S th t • Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) • Census programme • Census.ac.uk C k
- 3. Measuring and mapping population •UK population – in the news •What are the key trends? •How do we know? •Why does geography matter? •Next challenges in counting the Next population? •How can I use the information to o a u o a o o support my own learning?
- 6. What are the key trends? •Population growth •Migration more important than balance of births and deaths 1997-2008 •Ageing population esp “oldest of population, esp. oldest the old” •More, smaller households More, •Geographical variation
- 7. Population growth http://ww ww.statistic cs.gov.uk/c cci/nugget.asp?ID=9 950
- 9. Population structure Population Estimates D=6 UK population grows to k/cci/nugget.asp?ID 61.4 million tics.gov.uk www.statist http://w
- 11. How do we know? •2001 Census •Birth and death registrations •International passenger survey •NHS registered patient numbers •Population projections •Counting the population is getting increasingly difficult
- 12. What is a census? • 10-yearly d l data collection ll • Questionnaire delivered to t every household h h ld • Legal obligation: 96% coverage • Multiple uses and users s.gov.uk • Single Si l most important ti t t Source: ons social data source for small areas
- 13. Census topics • Age, sex, marital status, l household structure • C Country of bi th/ th i it t f birth/ethnicity • Health/disability • Economic status • Housing, amenities • Travel to work and cars Sourc ons.gov.uk • Qualifications ce:
- 14. 2011 census • Largely similar content to 2001 • Mail-out and mail-back, internet questionnaire available • Concentration of effort on hardest to count areas • Major effort on listing addresses and estimating missing persons d ti ti i i
- 15. Why does geography matter? •Demographic and economic patterns are strongly geographically clustered •Communities, neighbourhoods and local areas are key foci of government policy and service delivery •The census is unique in its ability to provide small area data p
- 16. Policy focus on neighbourhoods •Recognition that social exclusion is geographically clustered •Persistence and growth of patterns of deprivation and inequality •Advantages of small-area focus to small area policies aimed at alleviation of social exclusion
- 18. Next challenges in counting the population •Treasury sub Committee report sub-Committee 2008 •2011 probably the last “conventional” census •Need much better migration information •Greater focus on the use of Greater administrative records •Societal concerns
- 19. How can I use the information to support my own learning? •A brief visit to Boscombe •Freely available data from the Neighbourhood Statistics Service http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk •Searches based on Boscombe and Searches postcode BH1 3AH (because my Mum stayed in a hotel there!) y )
- 20. How does it differ from other places? What is Boscombe How much like? variation is there within Boscombe?
- 31. Practical suggestions •Explore y p your neighbourhood g •Consider/question: —Definition of neighbourhood boundaries —Socioeconomic structures —Explore social pattern, scale —Compare with national and regional levels —Consider change over time
- 32. Summary •Population g g p y addresses p geography some of the key challenges facing UK society •We need the best possible information to inform policy •We need new methods for counting the population •Lots of scope to enhance your geographical understanding!