Protein is made up of long chains of amino acids and is essential for building, maintaining, and repairing cells. The human body needs 20 different amino acids, 12 of which can be produced internally while 8 must come from diet. Amino acids combine to form peptides and then polypeptides and various proteins which serve important functions throughout the body. Protein needs vary by individual but on average men need 55.5g and women 45g daily, with both plant and animal sources recommended. Deficiencies can cause diseases like kwashiorkor in parts of the world with limited protein access.

1. Protein