The Sino-Indian War was a border dispute between China and India in the Himalayas. Indian leaders underestimated Chinese military power, while Chinese troops advanced over Indian forces. The war ended with a Chinese ceasefire declaration. A key factor was differing views between the countries on borders, sovereignty, and interpretations of communism within the international system.

1. Sino-Indian War

2.  A dispute over Himalayan border.
 The war ended with Chinese declaration of ceasefire.

3. A disputed border between China and India

5. Individual Level Analysis
 Indian leaders’ misperception over Chinese military
power.
 However, Chinese troops advanced over Indian
forces.
 Nehru's hopes for pan-asianism.

6. Jawaharlal Nehru

7. State Level Analysis
 Indian belief in non-alignment as an alternative to
the bipolar system.
 Chinese belief that Maoist interpretation of
communist revolution was purer than the Soviet
model.

8. Systemic Level Analysis
 The questioning of India’s established border by
China undermines both Indian sovereignty and
security.

9. Systemic Level Analysis
 Indian interests over defense of the McMahon Line.
 India’s perception of the international system.

10. Systemic Level Analysis
 Chinese security was undermined by India.
 The anarchy in the international system played a
significant role in the actions of the PRC on the
border issue.

11. Systemic Level Analysis
 International aid to India.

12.  So; a systemic level analysis is more suited to
explaining the actions leading to the Sino-Indian
War.

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