Powerpoint of Maam Bernardo :) 7/16/12 pls. share :)

1. Environmental Problems
and Ecological Balance in
Asia
By:
MISS BLESS BERNARDO
JULY 2012

2. Biodiversity
Refers to the diversity of life in all its forms that
comprise the natural world.
range of organisms in environment:
the range of organisms present in a particular
ecological community or system.
It can be measured by the numbers and types of
different species, or the genetic variations
within and between species.

3. • sum of all the different
species of
animals, plants, fungi, and
microbial organisms living
on Earth and the variety of
habitats in which they live.

4. Problems due to High Population
Density
• Unprecedented population growth and
high population density are the two
crucial problems of the Asian region to
date.
• As population continues to grow, more
arable land is needed, leads to other
problems such as desertification,
salinization, and alkalinization.

5. • Leads to lack of space for human
occupancy.
• Leads to the destruction of the
natural habitat of different species
of flora and fauna.
• Rapid population growth also
results to problems of waste
disposal and different pollutions.

7. WHAT IS POLLUTION???
• It is when the harmful substances
contaminate the environment
• Refers to the bad condition of
environment in terms of quantity
and quality
• The only a image in one's mind of
contaminants into a natural
environment that causes
instability, disorder, harm or
discomfort to the ecosystem

8. Types of Pollution
Air Pollution
Thermal Pollution
Light Pollution
Noise Pollution
Land Pollution
Water Pollution
RadioActive Pollution

9. Land Degradation
• As humans continue to exploit
and intensify land use, minerals
are lost.
• It also erodes the fertility of the
soil.
• Improper irrigation may lead to
SALINIZATION and
ALKALINIZATION.

10. • Salinization – salts come to the
surface of the land or salt is
carried in by water.
When water wells are overused,
the water table lowers and
saltwater or blackish water
usually starts to permeate.

11. • Desertification – transformation of
fertile land into a desert through
soil erosion or overcultivation.
The destruction of land in arid, semi-
arid and sub-humid areas that leads
to the loss of productivity.
(70% of West Asia are arid)

18. Urbanization
• 40% of the population in the Asia-
Pacific region lives in urban areas.
• Urbanization brings about a series of
environmental problems.
• Improper disposal of solid waste
endangers human health and it also
contaminates air, soil, and water.

19. Deforestation
• Is indiscriminate cutting or over-
harvesting of trees for lumber or
pulp, or to clear the land for
agriculture, ranching, constructio
n, or other human activities.

21. • Deforestation is a crucial problem
because it diminishes natural resources
that are valuable to the people of a
particular region.
• Brings major problems such as soil
erosion, flooding, siltation, and
sedimentation.
• Major causes are commercial
logging, slash and burn
agriculture, cutting down of trees for fuel

22. Air Pollution
 Contamination of the
atmosphere by gaseous, liquid,
or solid wastes or by-products
that can endanger human
health and the health and
welfare of plants and animals,
or can attack materials,
reduce visibility, or produce
undesirable odors

24. Causes V.S. effects
• This is starting to have • Industrialized countries
adverse effects on the have worked to reduce
environment such as levels of sulfur dioxide,
causing acid rain, smog and smog, and smoke in
a wide variety of health
order to improve people's
problems
health.
• Cars, trucks, jet airplanes
and other combustion • The health effects
engine vehicles cause air caused by air pollution
pollution. may include difficulty in
• Causes respiratory health breathing, wheezing,
problems and holes in the coughing and aggravation
ozone layer, which of existing respiratory
increases the exposure to and cardiac conditions
the sun's harmful rays

25. How Can We Prevent Air
Pollution?
• Public Transport:
Whenever possible, try to travel by public
transports. This helps in two ways;
prevents air pollution and increases
public income. If you are going to a
nearby place, go by walking or use a
bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The
objective is to minimize the use of fuels
as far as possible

26. Saving Energy:
Saving energy will, of course, help to
prevent air pollution. Switch off the
lights, fans, air conditioners,
televisions, and other appliances, when
not in use. You can also share a room
with others when the air conditioner or
fan is on, instead of switching them on
in every room.

27. Recyclable Materials:
Recycling is a simple approach to
reduce pollution in two ways; save
energy which is required for disposing
and minimize the pollutants released
during manufacturing. The list of
recyclable materials include plastic
bottles, aluminum cans and
utensils, paper, craft
papers, cardboard, corrugated
boxes, and glass bottles

29. irritating noise from
environment:
irritating, distracting, or
physically dangerous noise to
which people are exposed in
their environment and over
which they usually have no
control.

30. Noise Pollution or Sound Pollution
exposure of people or animals to
levels of sound that are
annoying, stressful, or damaging to
the ears. Although loud and
frightening sounds are part of
nature, only in recent centuries has
much of the world become
urban, industrial, and chronically
noisy.

31. •Most noise pollution comes from machines,
especially automobiles, trucks, and aircraft.
Construction equipment, farm machines, and
the din of machinery inside factories can be
dangerously loud.
•Some home appliances, shop tools,
lawnmowers, and leaf blowers can also be noisy,
as are guns, firecrackers, and some toys.
•Even music, when played at very high volume,
particularly through personal headphones, is as
damaging to the ears as a roaring chain saw.

33. Water Pollution

35. Is contamination of streams, l
akes, underground
water, bays, or oceans by
substances harmful to living
things.

36. MARINE WATER CONTAMINATION-
Is prevalent in almost all of the coastal regions of
Asia.
Solid waste and untreated wastewater from
industries and factories are two of the most
common marine water pollutants.
Pollutants from industrial sources may pour out
from the outfall pipes of factories or may leak
from pipelines and underground storage tanks.
Cities and other residential communities
contribute mostly sewage, with traces of
household chemicals mixed in.

37. Red Tide
• This is a result of microscopic organisms called
“dinoflagellates” that float in water.
• poisonous reddish seawater: a brownish red
discoloration in seawater, caused by an increased
presence of plant-based plankton that sometimes
leads to the poisoning of fish and, consequently,
of those who eat fish.
• There arises a scarcity of oxygen that causes the
death water resources. Shellfishes are poisoned.

38. Causes Of Water Pollution
These pollutants include fertilizers and
pesticides from agricultural runoff; sewage and
food processing waste; lead, mercury, and other
heavy metals; chemical wastes from industrial
discharges; and chemical contamination from
hazardous waste sites
Water pollution can come from a number of
different sources. If the pollution comes from a
single source, such as an oil spill, it is called
point-source pollution.

39. Effects Of Water Pollution
If severe, water pollution can kill large numbers
of fish, birds, and other animals, in some cases
killing all members of a species in an affected
area.
Pollution makes streams, lakes, and coastal
waters unpleasant to look at, to smell, and to
swim in. Fish and shellfish harvested from
polluted waters may be unsafe to eat.
 People who ingest polluted water can become
ill, and, with prolonged exposure, may develop
cancers or bear children with birth defects.

41. How Can We Prevent Water
Pollution?
• Installation of filtration system is a good
step. It is the most effective and working
prevention of water pollution.
• At homes clearing up drains also acts as
water pollution control.
• Water conservation is also a step for water
pollution prevention in India.
• Hence, it can be noticed that, a small effort
from cleaning the waste before throwing in
to garbage or drains can also contribute a lot
in water pollution prevention

43. Solid Waste Disposal
Disposal of normally solid or
semisolid
materials, resulting from
human and animal
activities, that are
useless, unwanted, or
hazardous.

44. Solid wastes typically may be classified as
follows:
• Garbage: decomposable wastes from food
• Rubbish: nondecomposable wastes, either combustible (such as
paper, wood, and cloth) or noncombustible (such as
metal, glass, and ceramics)
• Ashes: residues of the combustion of solid fuels
• Large wastes: demolition and construction debris and trees
• Dead animals
• Sewage-treatment solids: material retained on sewage-treatment
screens, settled solids, and biomass sludge
• Industrial wastes: such materials as chemicals, paints, and sand
• Mining wastes: slag heaps and coal refuse piles
• Agricultural wastes: farm animal manure and crop residues.

45. Loss of Biodiversity
• The underlying cause of biodiversity loss
is the explosion in human population,
now at 6 billion, but expected to double
again by the year 2050. The human
population already consumes nearly half
of all the food, crops, medicines, and
other useful items produced by the
Earth’s organisms, and more than 1 billion
people on Earth lack adequate supplies of
fresh water.

46. • The conversion of
forests, grasslands, and wetlands for
agricultural purposes, coupled with the
multiplication and growth of urban
centers and the building of dams and
canals, highways, and railways, has
physically altered ecosystems to the
point that extinction of species has
reached its current alarming pace.

47. Ecological Balance
It is of utmost importance that
the ecological balance of Asia
is maintained because the
ecological condition of Asia
affects the overall quality of
the global environment.