1. Unit 6:5 Mrs. Ngawaka

2. Is HIV and AIDS the
same thing?

3. HIV- “Human Immunodeficiency Virus”

HIV is a virus.

HIV will never go away.

Over time, HIV disease infects and kills white blood
cells or "T cells" and can leave the body unable to
fight off certain kinds of infections and cancers.

HIV positive 2-10 years to turn to AIDS

4. AIDS




Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
Think of AIDS as advanced HIV
disease.
A person with AIDS has an immune
system so weakened by HIV that the
person usually becomes sick from one
of several opportunistic infections or
cancers.

5. cRaZy fAcTs!!!

Every ________________ someone
becomes infected with HIV.
a. 3 minutes
b. 6 seconds
c. day
d. hour

6. cRaZy fAcTs!!!

There are ___________ new infections
every hour.
a. 60
b. 600
c. 6,000
d. 60,000

7. Modes of HIV/AIDS
Transmission

8. Through Bodily Fluids

Blood products

Semen

Vaginal fluids

Breast Milk

9. Through IV Drug Use

Sharing Needles Increases the chances of
contracting HIV

Without sterilization

10. Through Sex


Intercourse
Any type of sex with an infected person
puts you at risk for AIDS. Even if they
don’t know they’ve been infected.

11. Mother-to-Baby



During
Pregnancy
During Birth
Postpartum


After the birth
3/10 HIV+
mothers will pass
it on to their

12. HIV is not spread through…







Shaking hands
Kissing
Doorknobs
Swimming pools
Animal bites
Toilet seats
Hot tubs

13. How does the Virus attack the
body?



1. HIV virus attaches to the cell’s
surface.
2. Virus core enters cell and goes to
nucleus.
3. Virus multiplies using the cell. And
the cell becomes a virus factory.

14. Four Stages of HIV

15. Stage 1 - Primary

Short, flu-like illness - occurs one to six
weeks after infection

no other symptoms at all

Infected person can infect other people

16. Stage 2 - Asymptomatic

Lasts for an average of ten years

This stage is free from symptoms

There may be swollen glands


The level of HIV in the blood drops to very
low levels
HIV antibodies are detectable in the blood

17. Stage 3 - Symptomatic

The symptoms are mild

The immune system deteriorates

emergence of opportunistic infections
and cancers.

An infection that is caused by a germ
that usually doesn’t cause a disease.
Tuberculosis, Flu, Herpes etc.

18. Stage 4 - HIV  AIDS


The immune
system weakens
The illnesses
become more
severe leading to
an AIDS
diagnosis

19. Testing Options for HIV

20. Anonymous Testing



No name is used
Unique identifying number
Results issued only to test recipient
23659874515
Anonymous

21. Confidential Testing

Person’s name is recorded along with
HIV results


Name and positive results are reported to
the State Department and the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention
Results issued only to test recipient

22. Administration



Blood
Urine
Oral

23. Blood Detection Tests




Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent
Assay/Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA/EIA)
Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay/Indirect
Fluorescent Antibody Assay (RIP/IFA)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Western Blot Confirmatory test

24. Urine Testing

Urine Western Blot



As sensitive as testing blood
Safe way to screen for HIV
Can cause false positives in
certain people at high risk for
HIV

25. Oral Testing

Orasure




The only FDA approved
HIV antibody.
As accurate as blood
testing
Draws blood-derived
fluids from the gum
tissue.
NOT A SALIVA TEST!

26. Four ways to protect yourself?




Abstinence
Monogamous Relationship
Protected Sex
Sterile needles

27. Abstinence



It is the only 100 % effective method of
not acquiring HIV/AIDS.
Refraining from sexual contact: oral,
anal, or vaginal.
Refraining from intravenous drug use

28. Monogamous relationship


A mutually monogamous (only one sex
partner) relationship with a person who is not
infected with HIV
HIV testing before intercourse is necessary to
prove your partner is not infected

29. Needle Exchange Program

Non-profit
Organization, which
provides sterile
needles in
exchange for
contaminated ones

31. Thank You!