cyber bullying, aggression, verbal , physical, types of bullying, covert bullying

1. B Y H E B A E S S A W Y
PSYCHOLOGY OF
BULLYING

2. DEFINITION
Bullying is a distinctive pattern of deliberately harming and
humiliating others.
Durable behavioral style, largely because bullies get what they
want—at least at first.
Bullies are made, not born.
Happens at an early age.
(“Bullying, 2002).

3. TYPES OF BULLYING
1- Overt types
Physical
Verbal
2- Covert type

4. TYPES OF BULLYING
1. Physical bullying
Hitting,
kicking,
PinchingPushing
Damaging
property.
makes up
30.5% of
school
bullying

5. TYPES OF BULLYING
2. Verbal bullying
Name
calling,
Insults.
Teasing.intimidation.
47% of
bullying in
school
Verbal
abuse.

6. TYPES OF BULLYING
• 3. Covert bullying
• Carried out behind the bullied person's back.
• Designed to harm someone's social reputation and/or
cause humiliation.
Includes:
* spreading rumours.
* negative facial or physical gestures, menacing looks.
* playing nasty jokes to embarrass and humiliate
• mimicking unkindly
* encouraging others to socially exclude someone
* damaging someone's social reputation or social
acceptance.

7. TYPES OF BULLYING
.4- Cyberbullying
• Overt or covert bullying behaviours using digital
technologies.
• Include
- Harassment via a mobile phone.
- Deliberately excluding someone from social
networking .

9. WHY DO PEOPLE BULLY?
• The purpose of bullying is to hide inadequacy.
• Bullying has nothing to do with managing ;
• Good managers manage, bad managers bully.
• Management is managing; bullying is not
managing.
• Anyone who chooses to bully is admitting their
inadequacy, and the extent to which a person
bullies is a measure of their inadequacy.

10. WHY DO PEOPLE BULLY?
• Bullies project their inadequacy on to others:
a) to avoid facing up to their inadequacy and doing
something about it.
b) to avoid accepting responsibility for their behaviour .
c) to reduce their fear of being seen for what they are,
namely a weak, inadequate and often incompetent
individuals.
d) to divert attention away from their inadequacy - in an
insecure or badly-managed workplace.
this is how inadequate, incompetent and aggressive
persons keep their places.

11. PERSONALITY TRAIT OF BULLY
• Unaccept responsibility for their behaviour
• Enjoy the benefits of living in the adult world,
but unaccept the prerequisite of adult world.
• Abdication and denial responsibility for their
behaviour and its consequences.
• Refuse to know any other way of behaving
• Unwilling to recognise that there could be
better ways of behaving.
• Bullying is obsessive and compulsive; the
serial bully has to have someone to bully and
appears to be unable to survive without a
current target.

12. PERSONALITY TRAIT OF BULLY
low self-confidence and low
self-esteem, and thus feel
insecure.
Inadequate to fulfil the duties
and obligations of their
position
fear being revealed.
This fear of exposure often
borders on paranoia.

13. PERSONALITY TRAIT OF BULLY
Bullies are seething with resentment, bitterness,
hatred and anger.
have prejudices as a vehicle for removal their
anger onto others.
Bullies are driven by jealousy and envy.
Rejection is a powerful motivator of bullying.

14. CONSEQUENCES OF SOCIAL
BULLYING
Victims suffer depression, anxiety, social isolation, and low self-esteem.
Victims turn to suicide or commit homicidal acts as a result of extreme
mental and social pressures.
Individuals bullied in childhood:
- Emotional wounds into adulthood,
- Leading to depression, social isolation.
- Inability to react appropriately to situations.

15. HOW DO BULLIES SELECT THEIR
TARGETS?
• Self-deprecation, indecisiveness, and approval seeking
low assertiveness
• Need to feel valued
• Quick to apologise when accused, even if not guilty (this
is a useful technique for defusing an aggressive
customer)
• Perfectionism
• Highe- levels of dependency and guilt.
• always be reasonable
• High coping skills under stress.
• Internalise anger rather than express it

16. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Harassment Workplace bullying
Has a strong physical component, eg contact
and touch in all its forms, intrusion into personal
space and possessions,
Almost exclusively psychological (eg criticism),
may become physical later, especially with male
bullies, but almost never with female bullies
Harassment is usually linked to sex, race,
prejudice, discrimination, etc
Although bullies are deeply prejudiced, sex, race
and gender play little part; it's usually
discrimination on the basis of competence
Harassment may consist of a single incident or a
few incidents or many incidents
Bullying is rarely a single incident and tends to be
an accumulation of many small incidents,
The person who is being harassed knows almost
straight away they are being harassed
The person being bullied may not realise they are
being bullied for weeks or months - until there's a
moment of enlightenment

17. HOW TO DEAL WITH BULLYING?
• Person should tell someone; a parent, teacher, or
counselor.
• Parents must take an active role in their child’s life
and safety.
• Parent must take steps to stop this behavior.

18. •