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          2012                                        Botanicals for Health
                                                           Special points of interest:

                                                                Cinnamon can increase insulin sensitivity


                                                                Ginger can help reduce chronic diseases


                                                                Lemongrass has been used against colds


                                                                Olive has other healthful components other than oil



                                                           B otanicals for chronic dis eas e prevention
                                                           Botanicals are phytochemicals              sage, sassafras, tamarind,           over the years in Europe have
                                                           from plants that have an                   tarragon, tea, thyme, and            found similar results.
                                       Cinnamon            impact on human health.                    turmeric. These plants have
                                                           Many of the plant phytochemi-              specific phytochemicals that         One of the healthiest diets in
                                                           cals act as anti-oxidants that             have been shown to kill can-         the world, the Mediterranean
                                                           get rid of many harmful com-               cer cells, reduce diabetes risk      Diet is high in fruits and vege-
                                                           pounds in the body. They are               and to protect blood vessels         tables, healthful oils and
                                                           anti-inflammatory, antimicrobi-            against plaque formation. The        many botanicals. Typical bo-
         #92




                                                           al, antitumor, cardiovascular              types and numbers of phyto-          tanicals as part of the Medi-
                                                           system enhancing and choles-               chemicals in these and many          terranean diet are garlic, on-
                                                           terol lowering compounds.                  other botanicals is in the thou-     ion, mint, lime, orange, lemon,
         Pennington Nutrition Series




                                                           They also influence the im-                sands.                               fennel, basil, bay leaf, dill,
                                                           mune system and act as anti-                                                    pomegranate, rosemary, sage,
                                                           diabetic compounds.                        Many large scale studies have        tarragon, and thyme. This diet
                                                                                                      shown that plant phytochemi-         is also high in olive oil, red
                                                           We consume many botanicals                 cals offer protection against        wine and tomatoes. The Medi-
                                                           as part of our regular diet that           cancer and cardiovascular            terranean diet is particularly
                                                           offer health benefits beyond               disease. In the Nurse’s Health       good for heart health.
                                                           basic nutrition. Plants that can           Study, a large scale, long term
                                                           be part of a normal diet in-               study on women showed that
                                                           clude aloe, anise, basil, bay              those consuming the most
                                                           leaf, cacao, cayenne, cinna-               fruits and vegetables had
                                                           mon, cloves, coffee, dill, eu-             reduced risk for colorectal
                                                           calyptus, fennel, garlic, ginger,          cancer and cardiovascular
                                                           ginseng, geranium, lemon,                  disease. A similar large scale
                                                           lemongrass, lime, mint, mace,              study on men called the
Inside this issue:                                         mustard, nutmeg, olive, oats,              Health Professionals Study
                                                           onion, orange, parsley, pome-              found the same results. Sever-
                                                           granate, radish, rosemary,                 al other large scale studies          Basil , olive oil, tomatoes and mozzarella
Ginger                                            2
                                                                                                                                                  cheese are components of the
                                                                                                                                                        Mediterranean Diet
Lemongrass                                        2
                                                           Cinnamon
Olive                                             2        Cinnamon has been used by                  of all foods. Cinnamon has             reduce cholesterol and
                                                           folk medicine specialists                  several phytochemicals that            blood glucose levels, and
Rosemary                                          3
                                                           around the world for treating              have been identified for hav-          control several bacterial and
                                                           diabetes, as an anti-bacterial             ing important effects in the           fungal infections. Cinnamon
                                                           and anti-fungal agent, and as              body such as increasing mus-           is particularly effective in
Tarragon                                          3        an anti-oxidant. Most of the               cle and liver insulin sensitivity,     persons with Type 2 Diabe-
                                                           spices used in cooking such                reducing blood glucose, total          tes. Cinnamon may also be
                                                           as cinnamon, cloves, and                   cholesterol, and triglyceride          helpful in cancer prevention
Thyme                                             3        turmeric have the highest                  levels while raising good (HDL)        by increasing certain en-
                                                           antioxidant values in foods.               cholesterol. Several studies           zyme activities.
                                                           The antioxidant value of cin-              have shown that cinnamon
Turmeric                                          4
                                                           namon is the second largest                can reduce blood pressure,
Botanicals for Health
                                     Page 2
                              Ginger
                              Because of its pungent taste         that some studies have linked      was able to reduce triglycerides
                              and interesting aroma, ginger        the consumption of ginger with     and LDL cholesterol and to in-
                              has been used since the ancient      beneficial effects in:             crease HDL cholesterol.
                              times as a spice. It remains an          Heart Disease                  Ginger has been used in eastern
                              important cooking spice around           Cancer                         medicine for the treatment of
                              the world. Ginger is the under-                                         gastrointestinal ailments. The
                                                                       Hypertension
                              ground stem or rhizome of the                                           combined treatment of antibiot-                  Ginger
Pennington Nutrition Series




                                                                       Obesity
                              plant Zingiber officinale Roscoe.                                       ics and ginger were tested for
                              Ginger has anti-inflammatory,            Diabetes                       the control and treatment of
                              anti-thrombotic, cholesterol-            Osteoarthritis                 Helicobacter pylori infections.
                              lowering, blood pressure-                Bacterial infections           The treatment was effective and
                              lowering, antimicrobial, antioxi-                                       was shown to inhibit H. pylori
                              dant, antitumor and hypoglyce-       Ginger has been shown to pos-      growth.
                              mic properties. Because of           sess anti-diabetic activity in a
                              these properties, it is no wonder    variety of animal studies and it




                                                           Lemongrass
                                              Plant        Lemongrass or Cymbopogon            has been used for nervous and       used as a treatment for ring-
                                 phytochemicals            citratus is grown in the warm       gastrointestinal disturbances,      worm and other fungal infec-
                                                           climates for use as a flavoring     high blood pressure, pain, vom-     tions as well as a mosquito
                                  protect against          in foods. Lemongrass is incor-      iting, cough, fever, cold and       repellent.
                                                           porated into many foods in          joint pain in South East Asia       When ingested, lemongrass oil
                                          bacterial
                                                           Thailand and other South East       and South America.                  suppresses certain enzymes in
                                  infections, free         Asian countries and in South        As an antiseptic and an astrin-     the cholesterol synthesis path-
                                                           America. It is used in soups,       gent, lemongrass oil has also       way and for this reason has
                                 radical damage,
                                                           teas, meat and chicken dishes.      been used for various skin con-     been suggested to help reduce
                                      and chronic          The main component identified       ditions. Lemongrass oil has         cholesterol levels.
                                                           in lemongrass that has health       also been found to be an effec-
                                           disease
                                                           benefits is citral. Lemongrass      tive fungicidal and has been
                                    development.



                              Olive
                                                                                                                                                    Olive branch
                              The Mediterranean diet is one of     olive oil that offer protection    pounds in olives and olive oil
                              the healthiest for heart health.     against heart disease. The com-    can prevent LDL oxidation. They
                              Many believe that it is the mono-    pounds in olive oil are strong     can also reduce total cholesterol
                              unsaturated fatty acid content       anti-oxidants and are anti-        and triglyceride levels. A compo-
                              that makes olive oil healthy.        inflammatory agents. They re-      nent in olive oil, fruit and leaves
                              However, research show that          move free radicals that cause      known as oleuropein, has also
                              olive oil has many compounds         damage inside blood vessels        been shown to inhibit cancer
                              that make olive oil a functional     and cells. Arterial damage can     development, reduce the risk for
                              food. Functional food gives          occur after a meal when fat and    Alzheimer’s and even protect
                              health benefits beyond basic         other substances are absorbed      against peptic ulcer by inhibiting
                              nutrition. It is now believed that   as LDL particles. Preventing LDL   bacterial growth.
                              it is those other compounds in       oxidation is key, and com-
Page 3


                                    Rosemary
                                    Rosemary Rosmarinus offici-           from various harmful chemicals       ic heart disease, cataract, yeast
                                    nalis L. is an herb grown in          and to reduce cancerous chang-       and bacterial infections and
                                    many parts of the world, particu-     es. The most important constitu-     cancer. There is also a compo-
                                    larly in the Mediterranean re-        ents of rosemary have antioxi-       nent in rosemary that has been
                                    gion. It is used in foods and         dant effects. As antioxidants        found to improve the health and
                                    beverages and in cosmetics.           they protect against free radical    maintenance of nerve tissue
                                    Rosemary has a distinctive fla-       damage and oxidative stress          and stimulate new nerve growth.
                                    vor when used in foods. It has        which can cause cancer and           This could be particularly benefi-
                                    been used in folk medicine as         aging. Rosemary and its constit-     cial for prevention of Alzheimer’s
Rosemary potatoes                   an antispasmodic, as a treat-         uents have a therapeutic poten-      disease.
                                    ment for respiratory disorders        tial in treatment or prevention of
                                    and to stimulate hair growth.         bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer,
                                    Extract of rosemary has also          inflammatory diseases, liver
                                    been found to protect the liver       toxicity, atherosclerosis, ischem-




Tarragon                                                                                                               High level of free

Artemisia dracunculus L. or          processes.                            shows improvement in insulin                radicals causes
Tarragon is a genus of aromatic      Recent research on the health         resistance with A. dracunculus              oxidative stress,
and bitter plants of a large sun-    effects of Russian tarragon has       and its use as a potential treat-
flower family Asteraceae.            focused on its influence on           ment for the metabolic syn-                 which can cause
Tarragon has an impact on            glucose and insulin levels in         drome. Components in A. dran-
                                                                                                                       chronic disease
human health in many ways.           diabetes. A. dracunculus can          cunculus L. extract increased
The therapeutic properties were      impact lipid metabolism in the        glucose transport into cells from           development and
discovered in the Middle Ages        muscle, such as the use of fat        the bloodstream. It also reduced
                                                                                                                       aging. This can be
when it was used to treat fever      for energy vs storage in the cell,    glucose synthesis in the liver in
and upper respiratory infections,    and influencing the synthesis         diabetic laboratory animals.                eliminated by
ulcers and plaque epidemics, to      of new fat cells. Preliminary
stimulate appetite and digestive     research in laboratory animals                                                    antioxidants.




                                    Thyme
                                    Thymus vulgaris L. is an              dant and a biocidal agent. It is     can preserve lipid molecules
               Thyme                important culinary herb used in       antibacterial and fungicidal. It     from oxidation. The antioxidant
                                    many regions of the world, par-       has been used since early histo-     property is effective in different
                                    ticularly in the Mediterranean        ry as a preservative and an anti-    components in the cell as well
                                    region and the United States.         bacterial agent. These proper-       as in red blood cells. Research
                                    It is used as an aromatic flavor-     ties allow thyme to be used as a     also shows that components in
                                    ing in sauces, stews, dressing,       preservative in foods. There are     thyme can help detoxify harmful
                                    meats, poultry and seafood.           many other components that           chemicals in the liver such as
                                    It has also been used in teas.        also act as strong antioxidants.     alcohol.
                                    One of the therapeutic com-           Studies have shown that the
                                    pounds in thyme is called             essential oils in thyme have
                                    thymol which is a strong antioxi-     strong antioxidant effects and
Business Tagline or Motto
                             References:
                             Al-Sereitia MR, Abu-Amerb KM, Sena P. Indian J.            Pennington Biomedical Research Center
                             Exp. Biol. (1999) 37: 124-131.                             VISION
                             Aggarwal S, et al. Int. J. Cancer (2004) 111: 679-682.     Our vision is to lead the world in eliminating chronic diseases.
                             Cicerale Q, Luas LJ, Keast RSJ. Curr. Op. Biotech.         MISSION
                             (2012) 23: 129-135.                                        Our mission is to discover the triggers of chronic diseases through innovative
                             Funk JL, et al. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2010) 58: 842-
                                                                                        research that improves human health across the lifespan. We are helping
                             849.
                                                                                        people live Well Beyond the Expected.
                             Hatcher H, et al. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. . (2008) 65:
                             1631-1647.
                             Imelouane et al. Int. J. Agric. Biol. (2009) 11(2):        The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:
                             205-208.                                                        Clinical Obesity Research
                             Kahn A, et la. Diabetes Care (2003) 26: 3215-3218.              Experimental Obesity
                             Kato A, et al. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2006) 54: 6640-
                                                                                             Functional Foods
                             6644.
                             Preedy VR, Watson RR. (Eds) (2010) Olives and                   Health and Performance Enhancement
                             olive oil in health and disease prevention. 1479 p.             Nutrition and Chronic Diseases
                             Academic Press.
                             Suaeyun R, et al. Carcinogenesis (1997) 18(5): 949–             Nutrition and the Brain
                             955.                                                            Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging
                             WangZQ, et al. Metabolism (2008) 57: S58-S64.
                             Wright LE, et al. J. Agric. Food chem. (2010) 58:               Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance
                             9498-9504.                                                 The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy
                             Xiong Z, et al. Pharmacol. Rep. (2011) 63: 1101-           living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart
                             1108.                                                      disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis.
                             Ye M-X, et al. J. Mol. Sci. (2012) 13: 3959-3978.          The Division of Education provides education and information to the scien-
                                                                                        tific community and the public about research findings, training programs
                                                                                        and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on
                                                                                        various health issues.
                                                                                        We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting
                                                                                        research studies being conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge,
                                                                                        Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at
                                                                                        www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000




                                                                            Turmeric
                                                                            The yellow colored com-       molecules involved in in-        systems. Eliminating the
                                     Turmeric root                          pound of turmeric was         flammatory conditions            reactive oxygen species
                                                                            isolated in 1842 and was      such as rheumatoid arthri-       can help prevent LDL oxi-
                                                                            named curcumin. Because       tis, psoriasis, cancer ad        dation and reduce the risk
                                                                            of its chemical structure,    asthma, and by external          for cardiovascular disease,
                            Pennington Nutrition Series
                            # 92              12/12                         curcumin is a strong anti-    stressors. Curcuminoids          cancer, diabetes, Alzhei-
                                                                            oxidant and free radical      stop the immune system           mer’s and alcoholic liver
                            Authors:                                        scavenger and can there-      from responding by block-        disease. There are several
                            Heli Roy PhD, MBA, RD                           fore prevent diseases that    ing a reaction that would        drugs that are used to
                            Division of Education
                            Philip Brantley PhD, Director                   involve damage caused by      lead to a host of negative       treat blood lipids and insu-
                            Pennington Biomedical                           free radicals. Curcumi-       responses. They also de-         lin levels. Turmeric has the
                            Research Center                                 noids can inhibit factors     crease the levels of com-        potential to be used as a
                            Steven Heymsfield, MD,                          that are involved in stimu-   pounds that cause pain,          natural compound to sta-
                            Executive Director
                                                                            lation of the immune sys-     fever and blood clotting.        bilize blood lipids and glu-
                                                                            tem when an individual is     Curcuminoids can improve         cose levels by helping
                                                                            subjected to stressors        the antioxidant status in        prevent lipid oxidation.
                                                                            such as radiation or infec-   the body by increasing the       Turmeric feeding had a
                            www.pbrc.edu                                    tion. They have been          circulation of antioxidant       positive effect on glucose
                                                                            shown to suppress the         vitamin C and E, and en-         and lipid levels in mice.
                                                                            production of a number of     hancing other enzyme

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Botanicals for health

  • 1. PBRC 2012 Botanicals for Health Special points of interest: Cinnamon can increase insulin sensitivity Ginger can help reduce chronic diseases Lemongrass has been used against colds Olive has other healthful components other than oil B otanicals for chronic dis eas e prevention Botanicals are phytochemicals sage, sassafras, tamarind, over the years in Europe have from plants that have an tarragon, tea, thyme, and found similar results. Cinnamon impact on human health. turmeric. These plants have Many of the plant phytochemi- specific phytochemicals that One of the healthiest diets in cals act as anti-oxidants that have been shown to kill can- the world, the Mediterranean get rid of many harmful com- cer cells, reduce diabetes risk Diet is high in fruits and vege- pounds in the body. They are and to protect blood vessels tables, healthful oils and anti-inflammatory, antimicrobi- against plaque formation. The many botanicals. Typical bo- #92 al, antitumor, cardiovascular types and numbers of phyto- tanicals as part of the Medi- system enhancing and choles- chemicals in these and many terranean diet are garlic, on- terol lowering compounds. other botanicals is in the thou- ion, mint, lime, orange, lemon, Pennington Nutrition Series They also influence the im- sands. fennel, basil, bay leaf, dill, mune system and act as anti- pomegranate, rosemary, sage, diabetic compounds. Many large scale studies have tarragon, and thyme. This diet shown that plant phytochemi- is also high in olive oil, red We consume many botanicals cals offer protection against wine and tomatoes. The Medi- as part of our regular diet that cancer and cardiovascular terranean diet is particularly offer health benefits beyond disease. In the Nurse’s Health good for heart health. basic nutrition. Plants that can Study, a large scale, long term be part of a normal diet in- study on women showed that clude aloe, anise, basil, bay those consuming the most leaf, cacao, cayenne, cinna- fruits and vegetables had mon, cloves, coffee, dill, eu- reduced risk for colorectal calyptus, fennel, garlic, ginger, cancer and cardiovascular ginseng, geranium, lemon, disease. A similar large scale lemongrass, lime, mint, mace, study on men called the Inside this issue: mustard, nutmeg, olive, oats, Health Professionals Study onion, orange, parsley, pome- found the same results. Sever- granate, radish, rosemary, al other large scale studies Basil , olive oil, tomatoes and mozzarella Ginger 2 cheese are components of the Mediterranean Diet Lemongrass 2 Cinnamon Olive 2 Cinnamon has been used by of all foods. Cinnamon has reduce cholesterol and folk medicine specialists several phytochemicals that blood glucose levels, and Rosemary 3 around the world for treating have been identified for hav- control several bacterial and diabetes, as an anti-bacterial ing important effects in the fungal infections. Cinnamon and anti-fungal agent, and as body such as increasing mus- is particularly effective in Tarragon 3 an anti-oxidant. Most of the cle and liver insulin sensitivity, persons with Type 2 Diabe- spices used in cooking such reducing blood glucose, total tes. Cinnamon may also be as cinnamon, cloves, and cholesterol, and triglyceride helpful in cancer prevention Thyme 3 turmeric have the highest levels while raising good (HDL) by increasing certain en- antioxidant values in foods. cholesterol. Several studies zyme activities. The antioxidant value of cin- have shown that cinnamon Turmeric 4 namon is the second largest can reduce blood pressure,
  • 2. Botanicals for Health Page 2 Ginger Because of its pungent taste that some studies have linked was able to reduce triglycerides and interesting aroma, ginger the consumption of ginger with and LDL cholesterol and to in- has been used since the ancient beneficial effects in: crease HDL cholesterol. times as a spice. It remains an Heart Disease Ginger has been used in eastern important cooking spice around Cancer medicine for the treatment of the world. Ginger is the under- gastrointestinal ailments. The Hypertension ground stem or rhizome of the combined treatment of antibiot- Ginger Pennington Nutrition Series Obesity plant Zingiber officinale Roscoe. ics and ginger were tested for Ginger has anti-inflammatory, Diabetes the control and treatment of anti-thrombotic, cholesterol- Osteoarthritis Helicobacter pylori infections. lowering, blood pressure- Bacterial infections The treatment was effective and lowering, antimicrobial, antioxi- was shown to inhibit H. pylori dant, antitumor and hypoglyce- Ginger has been shown to pos- growth. mic properties. Because of sess anti-diabetic activity in a these properties, it is no wonder variety of animal studies and it Lemongrass Plant Lemongrass or Cymbopogon has been used for nervous and used as a treatment for ring- phytochemicals citratus is grown in the warm gastrointestinal disturbances, worm and other fungal infec- climates for use as a flavoring high blood pressure, pain, vom- tions as well as a mosquito protect against in foods. Lemongrass is incor- iting, cough, fever, cold and repellent. porated into many foods in joint pain in South East Asia When ingested, lemongrass oil bacterial Thailand and other South East and South America. suppresses certain enzymes in infections, free Asian countries and in South As an antiseptic and an astrin- the cholesterol synthesis path- America. It is used in soups, gent, lemongrass oil has also way and for this reason has radical damage, teas, meat and chicken dishes. been used for various skin con- been suggested to help reduce and chronic The main component identified ditions. Lemongrass oil has cholesterol levels. in lemongrass that has health also been found to be an effec- disease benefits is citral. Lemongrass tive fungicidal and has been development. Olive Olive branch The Mediterranean diet is one of olive oil that offer protection pounds in olives and olive oil the healthiest for heart health. against heart disease. The com- can prevent LDL oxidation. They Many believe that it is the mono- pounds in olive oil are strong can also reduce total cholesterol unsaturated fatty acid content anti-oxidants and are anti- and triglyceride levels. A compo- that makes olive oil healthy. inflammatory agents. They re- nent in olive oil, fruit and leaves However, research show that move free radicals that cause known as oleuropein, has also olive oil has many compounds damage inside blood vessels been shown to inhibit cancer that make olive oil a functional and cells. Arterial damage can development, reduce the risk for food. Functional food gives occur after a meal when fat and Alzheimer’s and even protect health benefits beyond basic other substances are absorbed against peptic ulcer by inhibiting nutrition. It is now believed that as LDL particles. Preventing LDL bacterial growth. it is those other compounds in oxidation is key, and com-
  • 3. Page 3 Rosemary Rosemary Rosmarinus offici- from various harmful chemicals ic heart disease, cataract, yeast nalis L. is an herb grown in and to reduce cancerous chang- and bacterial infections and many parts of the world, particu- es. The most important constitu- cancer. There is also a compo- larly in the Mediterranean re- ents of rosemary have antioxi- nent in rosemary that has been gion. It is used in foods and dant effects. As antioxidants found to improve the health and beverages and in cosmetics. they protect against free radical maintenance of nerve tissue Rosemary has a distinctive fla- damage and oxidative stress and stimulate new nerve growth. vor when used in foods. It has which can cause cancer and This could be particularly benefi- been used in folk medicine as aging. Rosemary and its constit- cial for prevention of Alzheimer’s Rosemary potatoes an antispasmodic, as a treat- uents have a therapeutic poten- disease. ment for respiratory disorders tial in treatment or prevention of and to stimulate hair growth. bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer, Extract of rosemary has also inflammatory diseases, liver been found to protect the liver toxicity, atherosclerosis, ischem- Tarragon High level of free Artemisia dracunculus L. or processes. shows improvement in insulin radicals causes Tarragon is a genus of aromatic Recent research on the health resistance with A. dracunculus oxidative stress, and bitter plants of a large sun- effects of Russian tarragon has and its use as a potential treat- flower family Asteraceae. focused on its influence on ment for the metabolic syn- which can cause Tarragon has an impact on glucose and insulin levels in drome. Components in A. dran- chronic disease human health in many ways. diabetes. A. dracunculus can cunculus L. extract increased The therapeutic properties were impact lipid metabolism in the glucose transport into cells from development and discovered in the Middle Ages muscle, such as the use of fat the bloodstream. It also reduced aging. This can be when it was used to treat fever for energy vs storage in the cell, glucose synthesis in the liver in and upper respiratory infections, and influencing the synthesis diabetic laboratory animals. eliminated by ulcers and plaque epidemics, to of new fat cells. Preliminary stimulate appetite and digestive research in laboratory animals antioxidants. Thyme Thymus vulgaris L. is an dant and a biocidal agent. It is can preserve lipid molecules Thyme important culinary herb used in antibacterial and fungicidal. It from oxidation. The antioxidant many regions of the world, par- has been used since early histo- property is effective in different ticularly in the Mediterranean ry as a preservative and an anti- components in the cell as well region and the United States. bacterial agent. These proper- as in red blood cells. Research It is used as an aromatic flavor- ties allow thyme to be used as a also shows that components in ing in sauces, stews, dressing, preservative in foods. There are thyme can help detoxify harmful meats, poultry and seafood. many other components that chemicals in the liver such as It has also been used in teas. also act as strong antioxidants. alcohol. One of the therapeutic com- Studies have shown that the pounds in thyme is called essential oils in thyme have thymol which is a strong antioxi- strong antioxidant effects and
  • 4. Business Tagline or Motto References: Al-Sereitia MR, Abu-Amerb KM, Sena P. Indian J. Pennington Biomedical Research Center Exp. Biol. (1999) 37: 124-131. VISION Aggarwal S, et al. Int. J. Cancer (2004) 111: 679-682. Our vision is to lead the world in eliminating chronic diseases. Cicerale Q, Luas LJ, Keast RSJ. Curr. Op. Biotech. MISSION (2012) 23: 129-135. Our mission is to discover the triggers of chronic diseases through innovative Funk JL, et al. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2010) 58: 842- research that improves human health across the lifespan. We are helping 849. people live Well Beyond the Expected. Hatcher H, et al. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. . (2008) 65: 1631-1647. Imelouane et al. Int. J. Agric. Biol. (2009) 11(2): The Pennington Center has several research areas, including: 205-208. Clinical Obesity Research Kahn A, et la. Diabetes Care (2003) 26: 3215-3218. Experimental Obesity Kato A, et al. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2006) 54: 6640- Functional Foods 6644. Preedy VR, Watson RR. (Eds) (2010) Olives and Health and Performance Enhancement olive oil in health and disease prevention. 1479 p. Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Academic Press. Suaeyun R, et al. Carcinogenesis (1997) 18(5): 949– Nutrition and the Brain 955. Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging WangZQ, et al. Metabolism (2008) 57: S58-S64. Wright LE, et al. J. Agric. Food chem. (2010) 58: Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance 9498-9504. The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy Xiong Z, et al. Pharmacol. Rep. (2011) 63: 1101- living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart 1108. disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis. Ye M-X, et al. J. Mol. Sci. (2012) 13: 3959-3978. The Division of Education provides education and information to the scien- tific community and the public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health issues. We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000 Turmeric The yellow colored com- molecules involved in in- systems. Eliminating the Turmeric root pound of turmeric was flammatory conditions reactive oxygen species isolated in 1842 and was such as rheumatoid arthri- can help prevent LDL oxi- named curcumin. Because tis, psoriasis, cancer ad dation and reduce the risk of its chemical structure, asthma, and by external for cardiovascular disease, Pennington Nutrition Series # 92 12/12 curcumin is a strong anti- stressors. Curcuminoids cancer, diabetes, Alzhei- oxidant and free radical stop the immune system mer’s and alcoholic liver Authors: scavenger and can there- from responding by block- disease. There are several Heli Roy PhD, MBA, RD fore prevent diseases that ing a reaction that would drugs that are used to Division of Education Philip Brantley PhD, Director involve damage caused by lead to a host of negative treat blood lipids and insu- Pennington Biomedical free radicals. Curcumi- responses. They also de- lin levels. Turmeric has the Research Center noids can inhibit factors crease the levels of com- potential to be used as a Steven Heymsfield, MD, that are involved in stimu- pounds that cause pain, natural compound to sta- Executive Director lation of the immune sys- fever and blood clotting. bilize blood lipids and glu- tem when an individual is Curcuminoids can improve cose levels by helping subjected to stressors the antioxidant status in prevent lipid oxidation. such as radiation or infec- the body by increasing the Turmeric feeding had a www.pbrc.edu tion. They have been circulation of antioxidant positive effect on glucose shown to suppress the vitamin C and E, and en- and lipid levels in mice. production of a number of hancing other enzyme