1. PARAGRAPH
DEVELOPMENT BY
ANALOGY

2. Objectives:
1. To learn how analogies are used to develop a
paragraph
2. To read essays and be able to understand
how analogies were applied in the
paragraphs

3. Example # 1 How to Read a
Book
A book is like a single house. It is a mansion of many
rooms on different levels, of different sizes and
shapes, with different outlooks, rooms with different
functions to perform. These rooms are independent, in
part. Each has its own structure and interior decoration.
But they are not absolutely independent and separate.
They are connected by doors and arches, by corridors
and
stairways. Because they are connected, the partial
function
which each performs contributes its share to the
usefulness of
the whole house. Otherwise the house would not be

4. What are Analogies?
An expression of similarity between two unlike
things. They are most commonly used to explain
something unknown in terms of something
known
An analogy is also a comparison which shows
that if two things are alike in one way, they can
be alike in others.

5. Writing Paragraphs with
Analogies
 When explaining difficult concepts, use
something with which the reader is likely to be
familiar and compare it to the concept in
question.
 Be sure you know enough about both to be able
to carry the comparison out.
 There must be some similarity between the two
relationships.
 Do not try to stretch an analogy too far.

6. Example # 2: The Immunological
Defenders and How They Work
The immune response of billions of cellular defenders
is
carried out by different kinds of white bloodcells, all of
which
are continuously being produced in the bone marrow.
Neutrophils, one type ofwhite blood cell, travel in the
blood
stream to areas of invasion, attacking and ingesting
pathogens. Macrophages, or "big eaters," take up
stations in
tissues and act as scavengers, devouring pathogens
and worn-

7. Example # 3
Students are often confounded by the
prospect of writing an essay for the first time. I tell
them that the process of writing an essay is not
much different than the process of building a fence
around a yard. Both the fence and the essay are
structures, systems composed of interrelated parts
that function as a whole. First one determines the
need for the structure, gauging whether it will help
to solve some problem one has identified or make
matters worse. Next will come some kind of rough
plan and a determination of necessary parts and
equipment. At about this stage, the writer or
builder generally stops to ponder whether the
project will be worth what it costs.

8. If he’s still game, he’ll draft more specific
plans, and start gathering the materials and the
tools. Depending on what he’s building, he’ll
probably have to discover if parts have to go
together in any certain order or if certain
relationships have to be consistent throughout.
The careful craftsman measures twice and
cuts once, which means, as the thing goes
together, lots of re-examination of how parts fit
together and how they are joined. The basic
foundation parts go up first, and then substantial
identifying parts of the structure are added, and
finally the whole is finished, polished up, as it
were, to give the casual observer the impression
that it is a single, unified, coherent whole.