2. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
An illness due to a specific infectious agent or
its toxic products capable of being directly or
indirectly transmitted from man to man, animal
to animal or from the environment (air, dust, soil
,water, food) to man or animal.
9. MODES OF TRANSMISSION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
• Direct Contact
• Skin to Skin.
• Mucosa to Mucosa.
• Mucosa to Skin.
Of the same person or different Person.
E.g.-STD, AIDS, leprosy, skin and eye infections.
11. MODES OF TRANSMISSION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
• Direct Contact
• Droplet Infection
Direct Projection of a spray of droplets of
saliva and naso-pharyngeal secretions
during coughing, sneezing or speaking
to the surrounding atmosphere.
Eg: Respiratory infections, diphtheria,
whooping cough, TB, Meningococcal
meningitis.
13. MODES OF TRANSMISSION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
• Direct Contact
• Droplet Infection
• Contact with Soil
Eg: Hookworm larva, Tetanus.
14. MODES OF TRANSMISSION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
• Direct Contact
• Droplet Infection
• Contact with Soil
• Inoculation into skin or mucosa
Eg: Rabies, infected needles.
15. MODES OF TRANSMISSION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
• Direct Contact
• Droplet Infection
• Contact with Soil
• Inoculation into skin or mucosa
• Tran placental (vertical)
Eg: TORCH agents, syphilis, HBV, AIDS
20. INDIRECT TRANSMISSION
• Vehicle-borne.
• Vector-borne.
• Air-borne.
• Fomite-borne.
Inanimate article or substances other than water or
food contaminated by infectious agents
28. Disease Prevention And Control
• Wash your hands often:
This is especially important before and after
preparing food, before eating and after
using the toilet.
30. Disease Prevention And Control
• Wash your hands often.
• Get vaccinated.
Immunization can drastically reduce the
chances of contracting many diseases.
31. Disease Prevention And Control
• Wash your hands often.
• Get vaccinated.
• Use antibiotics sensibly.
32. • Only take antibiotics when necessary.
• If they're prescribed, take them exactly as
directed — don't stop taking them early
because your symptoms have gone away.
33. Disease Prevention And Control
• Wash your hands often.
• Get vaccinated.
• Use antibiotics sensibly.
• Stay at home if you have signs and
symptoms of an infection.
34. Disease Prevention And Control
• Wash your hands often.
• Get vaccinated.
• Use antibiotics sensibly.
• Stay at home if you have signs and
symptoms of an infection.
• Be smart about food preparation.
35. Disease Prevention And Control
• Wash your hands often.
• Get vaccinated.
• Use antibiotics sensibly.
• Stay at home if you have signs and
symptoms of an infection.
• Be smart about food preparation.
• Pay special attention to cleaning the 'hot
zones' in your home.
37. Disease Prevention And Control
• Don't share personal items.
Use your own
• Toothbrush
• Comb
• Razor blade.
• Avoid sharing drinking glasses or dining utensils.
39. Disease Prevention And Control
• Don't share personal items.
• Travel wisely.
• Keep your pets healthy.
40. ROLE OF DOCTORS IN PREVENTING
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
a) Controlling the reservoir
a. Early Diagnosis
Precise treatment
Epidemiological Investigation- study time place & person
distribution of the disease and
For institution of prevention and control measures.
b.Notification
c. Isolation
d. Quarantine
41. ROLE OF DOCTORS IN PREVENTING
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
b) Interruption of transmission
“Breaking the chain of Transmission”
c) Susceptible Host
a. Active immunization.
b. Passive Immunization
c. Combined Active and passive immunization.
d) Non-specific measures
Better housing, water-supply, sanitation. nutrition and
education.
Legislative measures- to formulate and effective
implementation of measures.