1. AFRICA:
ETHIOPIA
Amanda Parks
Hattie Young
Danielle Zamarchi

2. FACTS:
Ethiopia
Ethiopia is located in
the Horn of Africa.
The capital of Ethiopia
is ★Addis Ababa.
Ethiopia is about the
size of
Texas, Oklahoma, and
New Mexico
combined.
Ethiopia is one of
Africa’s poorest
countries.

3. Climate
The climate is moderate on the
plateau and hot in the
lowlands.
At Addis Ababa, maximum
temperature is 26o C (80o F) and
minimum 4o C (40o F).
The weather is usually sunny
and dry with the short rains
occurring February-April.
The big rains begin in mid-June,
and end in mid-September.

4. Environment:
Within Ethiopia, there has been a lot of
overgrazing, deforestation, and poor agricultural
practices which have lead to soil erosion.
In many areas farmland has also been degraded, and
lost from cultivation practices.
Severe drought is also a cause to agricultural problems
throughout Ethiopia.

5. Politics:
Principal Government Officials:
Prime Minister--Meles Zenawi
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister
of Foreign Affairs--Hailemariam
Desalegn
Minister of National Defense--Siraj
Fegisa
Mayor of Addis Ababa--Kuma
Demeska
Ambassador to the U.S.--Girma Birru
President--Girma Wolde-Giorgis

6. Religion:
Two major religions
Ethiopian Orthodox
Islam
Indigenous Religions

7. Ethiopian Orthodox
~40% of the population
Keep to days of fasting: Every Wed. and Fri. and the 2
months including Lent and Easter season
Clergy about 250 days
Laity and very devout 165
Saints days
Zar spirits: Adbar, male and female

8. Islam
Adhere to Sunni or Orthodox branch
Signified by three elements
Traditional practices recognized only on Eritrean
Coast

9. Indigenous Religions
Communicate to almighty god through spirits and
rituals
Oromo tribe: “Supreme God called Waka”
Spirits in contact with Waka: ayana (contacted
through the kallu)
Kallu = “ritual specialist capable of being possessed
by these spirits” or in direct communication

10. Medicine
80% rely on traditional over Western
Western incorporated in late 1800s and early 1900s
Practiced in Urban Areas

11. Traditional Medicine
Disease explained by mystical and natural
occurrences
Evil Eye
Herbal components also often used in foods
Greater quantities for medicinal uses
Common herbs: garlic, ginger (colds), basil, cayenne
pepper, cinnamon, flaxseed, peppermint

12. Ethiopian Ethnic Groups:
There are more than 80 different ethnic groups within Ethiopia!
Some of the ethnic groups include:
The Oromo (Galla) group (located in southern Ethiopia) represents
about 40% of the Ethiopian population.
The Amhara and Tigrean groups represents approximately 32% of
the population.
The Sidamo group represent 9%
The Shankella make up about 6% of the population.
The Somali group make up 6% and Afar make up 4%inhabit the arid
regions of the east and southeast.
The Gurage account for 2% of the population; while the remaining
1% of the population is made up of other Ethiopian ethnic groups.

13. Ethiopian Tribe: Murzi
Ethiopia is one of Africa’s poorest countries.
More than 80% of the nation’s 77 million people live below the poverty line.
10 million who are at the risk of starvation.

14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=V2oRlK_wI_s&feature=related
Ethiopian Tribe: Murzi

15. Hamar Tribe:
The Hamar live on the eastern side of the Omo Valley in southern Ethiopia.
The tribe has distinctive rituals such as:
In order for men to reach adulthood, they must participate in unique tribal rituals
such as a cattle-leaping ceremony.
Where as young Hamar tribal women get whipped to prove their love for their
kinsmen.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ej`prbd-sNgU

16. Costumes:
The Ethiopian traditional clothing is made of woven
cotton called gabbi or netella.
Women often wear dresses (Kemis) and netella.
Other ethnic groups and tribes throughout Ethiopia
wear different clothing that reflect their own
costumes and traditions.
Many ethnic groups and tribes cover their body with
leather, or many do not wear clothes at all.
While many tribes decorate their faces and bodies with
paints and images.

17. Ethiopian Languages:
There are at least 77 different languages spoken in
Ethiopia!
Most of the languages belong to the Semitic, Cushitic, and
Omotic divisions of the Afro-Asiatic linguistic family.
Semitic languages are spoken in northern, central and
eastern parts of Ethiopia.
The Cushitic languages are mostly spoken in
central, southern and eastern Ethiopia.
Omotic languages are spoken between the Lakes of
southern Rift Valley and the Omo River.
Amharic, is the official national language, it is part of the
Semitic division.
It is the native language of about 30% of Ethiopia’s
population.

18. Ethiopian Food:
The Ethiopian national dish is called wat. The favorite drink of many Ethiopians
is bunna (coffee).

19. Flavors
Berbere:
cumin, cloves, cardamom, b
lack
pepper, allspice, fenugreek
seeds, coriander, red
chilies, ginger
root, turmeric, salt, paprika
http://www.accidentalhedonist.com/media/berabere.jpg
, and cinnamon
Spiced fermented butter

20. Mannerisms:
Eat with right hand only
Commonly share food – comes on one plate and is
shared by many
No utensils used – use injera bread to scoop up food

23. What Food We Made:
Chickpea Wat
Ingredients:
• Extra virgin olive oil
• Red onion
• Carrot
• Potato
• Cayenne pepper
• Paprika
• Ginger
• Salt
• Black pepper
• Cumin
• Cardamom
• Tomato paste
• Chickpeas
• Water
• Peas

24. Open Ended Questions:
1. Why do people in Ethiopia use one plate while
eating?
2. Why is it that there is hardly any variation, such as
we see in more developed/first world countries in
what they eat?
What do you think?

25. Work Cited:
Flag: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=ethiopia&start=18&num=10&um=1&hl=en&biw=1219&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=V5xGzEB-
pkf2aM:&imgrefurl=http://www.ipresscenter.com/content.php/704-Ethiopia-
Newspapers&docid=PGsUCIJJWpXxvM&w=600&h=300&ei=RgeJToKUOsHX0QHlo_m4DA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=203&vpy=409&dur=1437&hovh=159&hovw=318&tx=172&ty=92
&sqi=2&page=2&tbnh=92&tbnw=184&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:18
Africa map:
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=africa+flag&um=1&hl=en&biw=1219&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=ZnXZ71UsualSHM:&imgrefurl=http://greatimesmultiplestudios.ning.com/profi
le/Godstime&docid=bN52KgxtJvYxbM&w=1825&h=1919&ei=7wiJTuCrFsLc0QHkusjlDw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=486&vpy=169&dur=4814&hovh=230&hovw=219&tx=144&ty=111&pa
ge=1&tbnh=137&tbnw=130&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0
Slide 2 map:
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=africa+map&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1219&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=LYzJfmjZVp7btM:&imgrefurl=http://www.mapsofworld.com/africa-
map.html&docid=oXrrL9DD_JpnDM&imgurl=http://www.mapsofworld.com/africa-
map.gif&w=725&h=750&ei=yQSeToTtCoj_4QSXqfXLCQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=438&vpy=325&dur=651&hovh=130&hovw=126&tx=108&ty=109&sig=109054415602057170129&page
=1&tbnh=130&tbnw=126&start=0&ndsp=20&ved=1t:429,r:9,s:0
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=girma+wolde-
giorgis&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=919&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=1mMp0NhqRsNgGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.ethiopianreview.com/album/displayimage.php%3Falbum%3D4%26
pos%3D27&docid=FzqhyBC__9ZYmM&imgurl=http://www.ethiopianreview.com/album/albums/userpics/10001/Girma-Woldegiorgis-079865865.jpg&w=640&h=480&ei=8v-
eTuuOG8nZ0QHb3an_CA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=609&vpy=295&dur=459&hovh=155&hovw=198&tx=107&ty=138&sig=109054415602057170129&page=1&tbnh=142&tbnw=176&star
t=0&ndsp=11&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:0
http://www.merlinusa.org/where-we-work/ethiopia/?_kk=ethiopian%20photo&_kt=1b1c6a6e-9cdc-4fbc-99c1-f098c91e7911&gclid=CIKWj4PN96sCFct-5QodIUJZKQ
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=pictures+of+ethiopian+people&um=1&hl=en&biw=919&bih=667&tbm=isch&tbnid=2yAzsNnG7mjePM:&imgrefurl=http://freeuganda.com/%3F
p%3D1370&docid=43Ouvch6HxWboM&imgurl=http://freeuganda.com/wp-
content/uploads/2010/06/4475722847_1ba27b47a4_o.jpg&w=1024&h=683&ei=QEOgTtmJNIHZ0QH2oNyfBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=106&vpy=380&dur=389&hovh=146&hovw=191
&tx=171&ty=154&sig=109054415602057170129&page=1&tbnh=146&tbnw=191&start=0&ndsp=12&ved=1t:429,r:8,s:0
http://racerelations.about.com/od/understandingrac1/a/Five-Common-Stereotypes-About-Africa_2.htm
http://www.ethiopiantreasures.co.uk/pages/language.htm
http://www.alldaynatural.com/nutrition/for-your-dining-pleasure-ethiopian-food/
http://www.africanseer.com/african-articles/templates/?a=254
http://www.travelchannel.com/TV_Shows/Bizarre_Foods/Photos/ethiopia