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Dept. of Computer Science – FITA – HUA




          Van Hoang Nguyen
          Mail: startnewday85@gmail.com
          Department of Computer Science – FITA – HUA



Advanced Operating System Course ---------------------------------- Fall 2012
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDVAC
Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                                Registers
                                 Stack




                            R      R        R
                            S      S        S




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   batch, interactive, real-time




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                             throughput, turnaround time, CPU
                   utilization
                               response time, proportionality
                               meeting deadlines, predictability


Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   › Shortest Remaining Time Next



Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   › Shortest Process Next
                   › Guaranteed Scheduling
                   › Lottery
                   › Fair share
Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                                                                      › Barrier
                   Strict alternation    Semaphores
                   Peterson’s solution   Mutexes
                   TSL/XCHG




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




               memory hierarchy




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   Base and Limit Register
                   Swap
                   Virtual Memory

Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   long-term information storage




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   File A        File B       File C




                        File    File          File         File
                       block   block         block        block
                         0       1             2            3



Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012



                                     File A
                   0   1   2     3     4   5   6    7

                           6           7       -1   2




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




               File’s Name   Attributes   File’s Name

               File’s Name   Attributes   File’s Name

               File’s Name   Attributes   File’s Name

               File’s Name   Attributes   File’s Name



Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   Sourced by: Machine learning overview – Ho T.B
Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   (diversity of mobile devices)




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




          Lecture                    Reference

          Introduction               [3] Chapter 1 - 13

          Parallel and Distributed   [1]. Chapter 8

          Real-Time                  [1]. Chapter 7 and [2]

          WebOS

          Kernel Architecture

          Big Storage

          Protection and Security    [1]. Chapter 9




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   Regular attention   10%
                   Mid                 30%
                   Final               60%
                   Total               100%




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




  while (turn!=0) /*loop*/;   while (turn!=1) /*loop*/;
  critical_region();          critical_region();
  turn=1;                     turn=0;
  noncritical_region();       noncritical_region();




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




  void enter_region(int process)    void leave_region(int process)
  {                                 {
        int other;                        interested[process]=0;
        other = 1-process;          }
        interested[process]=1;
        turn=process;
        while (turn==process
        && interested[other]==1);
  }

Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




  enter_region:             enter_region:
        TSL REGISTER,LOCK         MOVE REGISTER,#1
        CMP REGISTER,#0           XCHG REGISTER,LOCK
        JNE enter_region          CMP REGISTER,#0
        RET                       JNE enter_region
  leave_region                    RET
        MOVE LOCK,#0        leave_region
        RET                       MOVE LOCK,#0
                                  RET

Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




  void producer(){                   void consumer(){
        int item;                          int item;
        while(true){                       while(true){
              item=produce_item();               item=produce_item();
              down(&empty);                      down(&full);
              down(&mutex);                      down(&mutex);
              insert_item(item);                 item=remove_item();
              up(&mutex);                        up(&mutex);
              up(&full);                         up(&empty);
        }                                        consume_item(item);
  }                                        }
                                     }

Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




  mutex_lock:                mutex_unlock:
        TSL REGISTER,MUTEX         MOVE MUTEX,#0
        CMP REGISTER,#0            RET
        JZE ok
        CALL thread_yield
        JMP mutex_lock
  ok:   RET


Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   a simplest version of dynamic relocation




Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                   not enough to hold all process in physical memory




             C          C            C           C               C

             B          B            B
                                                                 A
             A
                                     D           D               D
             OS         OS          OS           OS              OS

Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                    ==> some issues                                Stack
           › Fixed size while data segment can grow
               › allocate an extra memory                                       Room for
               › arrange stack and heap segment                                  grow

           › Big process can not run
                                                                    Data
           › Fragmentation problem
               › External Fragmentation                            Code
               › Internal Fragmentation                               OS
               › memory compact ==> waste CPU time



Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




                     ==> some issues
           › How to manage free memory
               › bitmaps: unit size, difficult to allocate
               › free lists
           › How to allocate
               › first fit
               › next fit
               › best fit
               › worst fit
               › quick fit



Van Hoang Nguyen
Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012




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Van Hoang Nguyen

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