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Descon Chemicals

                                Job Evaluation Manual
                                               (Draft)




                                           December 2008




Your Partner in Human Capital Management
Descon Chemicals
                                                    Job Evaluation Manual


                                 Contents

1.   Introduction

2.   Job Evaluation Scheme

3.   Job Evaluation Process

4.   Guidelines for Raters

5.   Quality Assurance Process

6.   Maintaining the Job Evaluation Program

     Appendices
      •   Appendix A - Job Analysis Questionnaire
      •   Appendix B – Job Evaluation Form
      •   Appendix C – Request to evaluate changes in existing jobs




                                  Your Partner in Human Capital Management
Descon Chemicals Business                                                                                                                  Job Evaluation Manual



                                                                         Chapter One

                                                                         Introduction
About this Manual

This manual has been developed for conducting Job Evaluation of all benchmark positions in the Descon Chemicals business in a systemic and credible
manner. The Job Evaluation scheme and procedures and guidelines articulated in this manual are simply the Descon Chemicals business Job Evaluation
policies written into a usable guidebook for its staff, and all applicable employees.

Job Evaluation

Job Evaluation is a systematic process for ranking jobs logically and fairly by comparing job against job or against a pre-determined scale to determine the
relative complexity of jobs and the relative importance of what they contribute to the business entity. This is to say that Job Evaluation


                                          IS                                                        IS Not

                            Comparative                                                    Absolute

                            Judgemental                                                    Scientific

                            Structured                                                     Unstructured

                            Job Centred                                                    Person Focused




Job evaluation is a sophisticated HR intervention that helps to establish “relative internal equity” amongst the numerous positions that exist in Descon
Chemicals Business area. Relative Internal equity refers to the value or importance attached to a position within an organisation (i.e. Descon Chemicals,
Descon Corporation, etc. in the context of all other positions within the same entity. In the absence of relative internal equity, there is a likelihood of some
positions being placed at inflated hierarchical levels while others may be artificially deflated. Such distortions tend to creep into the management structure
over an extended time period as a result of incremental changes made to meet the exigencies of day to day management and need to be addressed so that
internal equity may be re-established.


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Generally speaking, all positions in an organisation with similar titles or designations may apparently be treated as equal i.e. the Finance Manager, Marketing
Manager, Quality Assurance Manager or Administration Manager. The foregoing are all ‘Manager’ positions and to that extent may appear to be equal.
Notwithstanding the similarity of titles, a host of factors may contribute to these positions being of more or less value when compared internally to each other.
Such differentiating factors may include academic requirements; work experience, span of management involved, skills and competencies required inherent
accountabilities and associated risks etc.

It is common knowledge that some qualifications are assigned a higher value than others perhaps as a matter of culture or simply due to market forces of
demand and supply. For example, a foreign qualification in chartered accountancy is assigned a high value in Pakistan. Therefore, if the Finance Manager’s
position required such a qualification, a higher relative value has to be assigned to the position in the organisation when compared to position like the
Administration Manager wherein the qualification requirement may be lesser in terms of relative value. It is also important to measure how equal and/or how
unequal are positions in relative terms.

Organisation design principles require that job grading should group positions              8
into hierarchical grades / compensation bands that take care of the                         7
similarities as well as the differentials in the positions with a view to ensure
                                                                                            6
relative internal equity. In this context, Job Evaluation serves as a valuable      Job
                                                                                   Grade    5
management tool which can bring with it a measure of organisational
                                                                                            4
harmony and discipline. It is important to bear in mind that the Job evaluation
                                                                                            3
does not determine actual pay. That is a separate operation, normally the
subject of negotiation between management and employee.                                     2
                                                                                            1

The foregoing discussions apply fully in the context of Descon Chemicals
Business where the positions, existing over time, have been categorised into
                                                                                                    100     150     200        250   300 350
grades. In Descon Chemicals Business modifications have occurred in the
                                                                                                               Job Evaluation Points
content, environment, requirements, and size of many jobs due to changing
organisational needs over time as well as a host of other internal and external factors which constitute the environment in which Descon Chemicals Business
operates. It is therefore important for the Chemicals businesses to determine whether internal equity exists amongst the jobs in each grade in a particular
department and across all departments as well and ensure that inconsistencies, if any, are promptly addressed. The determination of internal equity requires
the use of a well defined and structured tool such as Job Evaluation.



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Key Features of Job Evaluation Scheme

The key features of job evaluation scheme developed for Descon Chemicals Business are as follows:


1. The Job Evaluation scheme permits systemic determination of the comparative value of jobs within the entities.

2. Effort has been made to minimise the impact of judgemental errors and bias. Use of a well structured scheme of Job Evaluation minimises the impact of
   distortions that may occur in case the jobs were to be assigned values arbitrarily.

3. A set of compensable job factors which are common to various jobs in the concerned organisations have served as the underlying basis for design of Job
   evaluation scheme.

Purpose of Job Evaluation

The key objectives that the Job Evaluation exercise (at Descon Chemicals Business) aims to achieve are as follows:

1. Establish acceptable and understandable job-to-job relationships and correct differentials for all such jobs within the organisations.

2. Provide a structured basis for assessment of the relative difficulty or responsibility of the job.

3. Enhance internal equity among jobs in the concerned organisations by ensuring that new jobs are assigned into appropriate organisational hierarchy
   keeping in view their relativity with jobs already in existence. This is especially beneficial when the existing grading structure is in need of review

4. Establish and maintain the credibility and acceptability of a grading system / structure

5. Provide a means of arriving at sound relationships between jobs within a department and between departments.

6. Avoid inequitable differences in salary levels between departments for like work.

7. Provide a basis for the adjustment of salaries / compensation.

8. Facilitates the accommodation of new or revised jobs into the grading structure




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Effective Date

The effective date1 for this Manual is _____________.

Applicability

The Job Evaluation scheme and processes are applicable to all full time management positions in Descon Chemicals businesses.

Compliance

All employees shall duly and faithfully comply with the Job Evaluation scheme and processes and subsequent revisions thereto issued from time to time by
the management.

Revisions to this Manual

The Job Evaluation Manual need to be revised regularly because the information in them becomes outdated with changing business circumstances and
regulations. A comprehensive review of Job Evaluation scheme and processes is recommended after every two years to maintain the Manual as a reliable
source of information and to keep the revision process manageable. Job Evaluation scheme / processes could be revised earlier as and when necessitated
by changes in business circumstances and / or regulatory framework.

The introduction of flexibility, multi-skilling, team working and new operational methods also have important consequences for job design and the way jobs are
organized, and will clearly affect traditional work groupings and pay structures and could trigger a review of the Job Evaluation scheme.

Revision must start with review. It is essential that enough time to be scheduled for a thorough review of each factor of Job Evaluation scheme and
processes. Therefore, adherence to a manual revision schedule is essential.

When there is an apparent need for a new or revised Job Evaluation scheme, the Job Evaluation Committee will submit it through appropriate channels to the
top management for approval.

1
    Date of implementation of manual will be set in consultation with the management.


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The Department of Human Resources will distribute notice of approved changes or additions to this Manual by issuing notices or e-mail announcements and
will distribute approved version of the manual to the concerned staff.

Updating Manuals outside the Revision Cycle

In instances when it becomes absolutely necessary to post new or changed Job Evaluation scheme / processes outside the review cycle, the following policy
and procedure shall be considered. The Head of Human Resources responsible for the Manual will make the exception based on the following criteria:


•     The new or revised information has such an immediate and significant impact on employees / grading structure / job descriptions, that it must be
      communicated in the Manual as soon as possible.

•     Absence of the new or revised policies or procedures could result in legal liabilities for the organization and the employees

•     The new or revised policies and procedures result from applicable laws, rules and regulations, Government’s policy changes, or legal interpretation that
      has a direct and immediate impact on the employees.


If a question arises concerning whether a change meets the above criteria, the determination will be made by the CEO, whose decision shall be final.




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                                                                            Chapter Two

                                                                   Job Evaluation Scheme


This chapter presents the Job Evaluation scheme for Descon Chemicals businesses, which currently comprises the following entities:

  a. Descon Chemicals – a private limited company engaged in manufacturing and marketing products for diverse industries including paper, textiles,
     paints, automotive, plastics, etc.
  b. Descon Corporation – importation and distribution of products for various sectors.
  c. Nimir Resins – a listed company engaged in manufacturing and marketing various chemical products
  d. Descon Oxychemicals – a public limited entity, engaged in manufacturing and marketing Hydrogen per oxide.

The scheme has been developed keeping in mind the following factors:

  a. Nature of activities being carried out under each Chemicals
     business – trading, manufacturing, etc.
  b. Scale of activities in terms of annual turnover, value of assets
     under management, head count, etc.
  c. Differing operating environment of various businesses, i.e. batch
     manufacturing as well as 24/7 process based operations
  d. Level of competition in the industry.
  e. Legal status of entities – private limited companies, public limited
     companies, and companies listed on the stock exchange.
  f. Sharing of resources across entities in certain functional areas
  g. High level and specific safety requirements of operations



The Job Evaluation scheme developed for Descon Chemicals consists of 15 factors as enlisted on the table on the following page.




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                                                   Job Evaluation Scheme for Descon Chemicals
                                                           Job Factors, Weights and Points
                                                         Job Factors                               Weight     Maximum Points
                                                                                                 Percentage

                               1. Technical Know-how                                                               150
              Know-how         2. Management Know-how                                               30%            150

                               3. HR Know-how                                                                      100

                               4. Complexity of Work                                                               125

                               5. Span of control / Reporting relationships                                         50
              Problem                                                                               30%
                               6. Thinking challenge / Analytical skills                                           100
              solving
                               7. Planning & Organizing                                                             60

                               8. Communication skills                                                              65

                               9. Responsibility for Objectives, Policies & Procedures                             100

                               10. Responsibility for Accuracy of Records & Reports                                 75
              Accountability                                                                        30%
                               11. Responsibility for Confidential Information                                      50

                               12. Responsibility for Decision and Action                                          100

                               13. Responsibility for Research and Development                                      75

              Other            14. Working conditions                                               10%             75
              conditions
                               15. Travel requirements (Domestic & International)                                   50

                                                                                         Total     100%            1325



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 1. TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW

 Technical know-how is an indicator of all kinds of required education or special training. In simple terms the technical know-how can be referred to as the
 minimum desired qualification to perform the duties and functions of the particular job.


                                                                     TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW

             Degree             Points                                                           Description

                                            Knowledge of standardized work routines and methods and general facts and information and / or use of simple
      1. Elementary
                                  40        equipment, machines and materials. A certain amount of insight in the relationship between activities is required.
      Vocational
                                            Knowledge is acquired through training on the job.

                                            Knowledge and insight are required for application of practical methods and techniques, work procedures and
                                            processes and/or proficiency in the use of materials, specialized equipment, and tools. Knowledge is acquired
      2. Vocational               60        through technical training and on the job experience. Administrative support jobs require an understanding of
                                            general office and business procedures and may require specialized skills such as word processing,
                                            spreadsheets, or bookkeeping.

                                            Jobs require an accumulation of specialised job related vocational training. Job holders need to be authoritative
      3. Advanced
                                  75        on methods and systems but would not have the conceptual understanding needed to change them. Position
      vocational
                                            examples include Technician, Network Administrator, etc.

                                            Sufficient knowledge or technical skills applied to related functions of a particular field and / or relevant bachelor’s
                                            degree in engineering. In some cases this could also be technical certification or else a partially completed
      4. Technical                          professional qualification such as part completed chartered accountancy, cost and management accountancy,
                                  90
      Sufficiency                           etc. Positions need to know more about “why”, i.e., the underlying principles involved.




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                                                             TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW

             Degree         Points                                                        Description

                                     Proficiency in specialized techniques or technical skills gained through advanced study such as master’s degree
                                     in a relevant field like Chemistry, Business Administration, etc. / specialized training requiring passing a requisite
      5. Technical
                             125     exam. i.e. ACA / ACMA. Positions include experts whose substantial experience and depth of knowledge enable
      Proficiency
                                     them to “write the book”, and determine functional policy and practice. Positions requiring qualifications in
                                     multiple disciplines, i.e. an engineering degree plus an MBA would also be placed here.

                                     Expertise in specialized techniques or technical skills beyond technical proficiency gained through research and
      6. Technical                   extensive study such as a Ph.D. This rating reflects a national leadership role. This level also includes senior
                             150
      Expertise                      specialists in scientific or learned disciplines who are authoritative in their discipline and senior management with
                                     substantial knowledge about the organization, mission and objectives.




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2. MANAGEMENT KNOW-HOW

Management know-how reflects practical knowledge and skill gained through experience over a length of time (years), within or outside Descon Chemicals
Business. In general a positive correlation exists between the management know-how and the desired minimum experience to perform the duties and
function of a particular job.


                                                                MANAGEMENT KNOW-HOW

                Degree             Points                                                       Description

                                             Basic management skills required at entry-level position. Performance of a task (or task) highly specific as to
       1–                                    objective and content and not involving the supervision of others. Jobs usually focus on completing very
                                     25
       6 Months to 2 Years                   simple, routine, and repetitive. Interaction with others principally connected to receiving instructions or sharing
                                             specific work related information.


       2–                                    Management skills required to perform as specialist organising own work mostly involving single function.
                                     50      (This could involve working on a single project at a time.) The focus is on assignment of work, scheduling of
       2 to 4 Years Experience               work, monitoring of work as it is being doe, reviewing results for timeliness and cost effectiveness.

                                             Management skills required to perform as specialist or supervisor organising own / subordinates’ work mostly
       3–                                    involving single function (This could be managing few projects of similar nature at a time). These jobs are
                                     75
       4 to 6 Years Experience               required to integrate the sub function or sub elements of a function so that specified objectives are achieved.
                                             These sub elements are not identical but are generally moving in the same direction.

                                             Management skills required for performing multiple related functions, integrating homogenous sub-elements
       4–                                    to achieve common objective. This could involve managing projects of various nature. The number and
                                     100     diversity of functions are increasingly important; however, functions are still fairly similar in nature. The
       6 to 10 Years Experience              emphasis is on organizational planning and diverse programs integration. E.g. Supply chain management
                                             includes Procurement, Warehousing, Logistics, etc.



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                                                        MANAGEMENT KNOW-HOW

                Degree      Points                                                    Description

       5–                            Management skills required for integrating work of departments having heterogeneous sub-functions.
       10 to 14 Years        125     Managers characteristically face diverse objectives and goals and competing needs for resources. Broad-
       Experience                    scale organizational planning and control assume greater importance


       6–

       Over 14 Years         150     Full integration and management of all functions within a large organization.
       Experience




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3. HR KNOW-HOW

Know-how of working with other people is an indicator of the desired level of interaction with other people within and outside one’s own function. It refers to
the level and intensity of various relationships required to work with and through other people in order to get results in a particular job. Contact includes
personal discussions, telephone conversations, and written communications. These range from merely passing on or receipt of information where the
challenge is minimal to the job-holders contacts involving tact and persuasion particularly with someone at a higher authority level.


                                                                           HR KNOW-HOW

                  Degree              Points                                                       Description

                                                Job-holder is required to apply basic interpersonal skills to maintain trusting and friendly relationship. Primary
       1. Basic                         30      interactions with others involve the tactful exchange of factual information. Positions require ordinary
                                                courtesy.

                                                Jobholder interacts regularly with others both within and outside own department and needs to use
                                                persuasion, and effective communication skills to influence others which are important but not critical to the
       2. Important                     60
                                                performance of the job. Position requires sensitivity to others’ points of view in order of influence outcomes.
                                                Positions that assign, monitor and review other employees’ work usually require at least this level of skill.

                                                Jobholder requires highest level of interpersonal skills to influence human behaviour and frequently needs to
                                                use persuasion, negotiation and counselling to influence and motivate others which are critical to the
       3. Critical                     100      successful performance of the job. The highest level of interpersonal skill is required for significant interaction
                                                with others at any level within or outside the organization. Positions that negotiate, sell, supervise and
                                                manage are typically rated as “Critical”.




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4. COMPLEXITY OF WORK

Complexity of the Work refers to the ‘context’ of the position, i.e. the availability of guidelines, including written or verbal procedures, policies, regulations,
references; precedents and practices; and methods and techniques of a profession. In general, policies describe the “what” of a subject matter, procedures
detail the steps needed to follow through on a policy (i.e., how, where, when, by whom) and instructions outline the specific aspects of how to perform the
tasks, such as the operation of a machine.


      Degree        Points                                                                 Definition

                                Prescribed - elements of the work involved are few and simple. Instructions or orders, usually specify in detail the sequence
         1            15
                                and timing of the tasks to be undertaken with little or no latitude for the employee to consider alternative procedures.

                                Positions are guided by established routines and standing instructions. Instructions usually provide the latitude to consider
         2            30
                                variations in the sequence of procedures based on situations encountered within the work setting.

                                Positions are guided by somewhat diversified procedures and precedents. While assigned tasks follow procedures, latitude
         3            40        is permitted because of changing work circumstances. Incumbents determine the most appropriate procedure or precedent
                                to follow.

                                Positions are guided by substantially diversified business or academic procedures and specialized standards. Changing
         4            60        priorities or differing situations encountered in the work environment allow the employee latitude to consider which among
                                many procedures should be followed in what sequence to achieve the required job results.

                                Positions are guided by policies and principles rather than procedures. Incumbents determine how best to accomplish goals
         5            75
                                or resolve work challenges.

                                Positions are guided by broadly defined policies and specific objectives. Incumbents determine “what needs to be done” in
         6            90        applying broad policies, in establishing a plan of action, and in determining the priorities and processes needed to achieve
                                the objective.



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      Degree       Points                                                             Definition

                            Thinking within general policies, principles and goals under guidance. These jobs are concerned with determining the major
         7          105
                            functional directions the organization takes, in order to achieve its goals. The what is specified in only every general terms.

                            Thinking within business philosophy and / or principles controlling human affairs. Positions at this level are concerned with
         8          125     setting strategic direction of the organization consistent with its charter and identifying the requirements for survival and
                            continuity of the organization




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5. SPAN OF CONTROL / REPORTING RELATIONSHIPS

Span of control / reporting relationships consider the total no. of staff directly and indirectly supervised.


               Degree                          1                2                 3                 4            5       6            7

               Total no. of staff
               directly and
                                             1-5              6 - 10            11-20            21-30          31-40   41-50        50+
               indirectly
               supervised



               Points                         10                17               23                30            37      44          50




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6. THINKING CHALLENGE / ANALYTICAL SKILLS

Thinking Challenge includes the nature of the problems encountered and the mental processes used to resolve the problems. The scale ranges from simple
problems to very complex issues, with the premise that simple issues recur regularly in the same form and after awhile are resolved by rote or instinct, but
very difficult issues require substantial thinking and deliberation. The types of situations encountered and the processes involved in identifying, defining or
resolving related problems are considered. Thinking Challenge reflects the degree of difficulty in finding improvements and adapting to changes.


   Degree         Points                                                                 Definition

                             Prescribed; solution to problems requires application of established and standard procedures which cover various situations
       1            20
                             and alternatives.

                             Patterned - elements of the work involved are many but similar and often requires choice between two or three alternatives;
                             solution to problems requires analysis of information and application of best practices and authoritative precedents. These jobs
       2            40
                             are confronted with multiple-choice situations, but have learned which choice is most appropriate for each situation through
                             prior exposure or experience.

                             Adaptive - elements of the work involved vary, requiring some improvisation; solution to problems requires application of
                             theories, concepts, and principles for developing different approaches to fit specific circumstances. Experience is needed to
                             know the options and make sound judgments. Employees need to be aware of and interpret choices; they are expected to
       3            60
                             have dealt with problems that “fall in the cracks” and resolve them by “reading between the lines”. Solutions result from
                             comparing problem elements to reference points within one’s own experience and then using one’s judgment to match the
                             appropriate prior decision.

                             Positions are expected to resolve variable situations requiring analytical, interpretive, evaluative and/or constructive thinking.
                             Situations are often more hypothetical, with the need to develop alternatives. Positions deal with situations that are largely
       4            80
                             new. Employees adapt trends or programs that are known to be used in specific circumstances. The employee has to consider
                             various possible courses of action and ponder their consequences before taking or recommending further steps.




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   Degree        Points                                                                Definition

                            Creative - elements of the work are new and not standardized; solution to problems requires frequent development of
       5          100       approaches, concepts, and theories that are new to the professional field. Can establish work priorities and guidelines.
                            Deliberations are often necessarily time-consuming.




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7. PLANNING AND ORGANIZING

This factor measures the degree of forward thinking required for performing functions of varying scope in the presence or absence of procedural control and
guidance. It also refers to the need to co-ordinate people, materials, information or other resources in order to organize and complete current activities or
tasks. This also includes the responsibility for gaining agreement from others to allocate their time and skills to the completion of projects.




           Degree            Points                                                       Description


                                          Day to day planning and organising required for performing a single function. Normal co-ordination is
       Basic                   15
                                          required to perform the duties of the job.

                                          Planning and organizing required for performing multiple similar/ related functions, ensuring plans are
       Intermediate            30
                                          carried out.

                                          Planning and organizing required for performing multiple similar/ related functions; including preparation of
                                          tactical plans to achieve short-term objectives. Co-ordination of activities, information, material or other
       Advanced                45
                                          resources to complete a group of varied tasks, ongoing processes or larger projects. Priorities occasionally
                                          require modification to meet objectives.

                                          Planning and organizing required for performing multiple diversified functions; including strategic plans to
                                          achieve medium to long-term objectives. Requires continual co-ordination of activities, materials,
       Critical                60
                                          resources, client needs, personnel, information and/or staff to complete multifaceted projects or processes.
                                          Co-ordination is typically time-critical. Priorities require ongoing modification to meet objectives.




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8. COMMUNICATION

This factor refers to the communication skills required to exchange information, opinions, advice and ideas with others and to influence, persuade and reach
agreement with others. It includes public presentations and appearances (e.g. appearances at events, dealing with regulatory agencies, etc.). It also covers
the skills required to handle contacts tactfully and sensitively and at an appropriate level of information and concepts. Both internal and external contacts are
to be considered while routine communication with the job’s supervisor is to be excluded.


                                                           Description                                                             Degree           Points


   Obtain/provide factual or straightforward information. Ask/answer questions with courtesy.                                         1               10

   Explain factual information and obtain/provide clarification. May need to rephrase questions/information to be suitable            2               20
   for the audience.

   Obtain / provide information requiring clarification and description at a level that is appropriate for the audience.              3               30
   Involves tactful questioning/imparting of information.

   Obtain / provide sensitive, difficult or controversial information requiring precise language to avoid misunderstanding.           4               40
   May involve skilled questioning and sensitivity in organizing and imparting information, make formal public
   presentations or conduct formal training sessions on straightforward topics with which the audience is familiar.

   Communication skills required to consider others’ points of view, and influence and/or persuade them to gain                       5               50
   understanding and co-operation, make formal public presentations or conduct formal training sessions on complex
   topics with which the audience is typically not familiar.

   Advanced communication skills required for negotiating (i.e. with authority to reach a compromise solution).                       6               65




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9. RESPONSIBILITY FOR OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

Responsibility for Objectives, Policies and Procedures measures the degree of influence of the position on the formulation of objectives, policies and
procedures on the one hand, and whether the objectives/ policies impinge on a single department or multiple departments or the entire organisation/


                                                                     SCOPE OF FUNCTION

             Single                           10       For a single function within area of control in own department.

                                                       For multiple functions within own and other sections/divisions within the department. E.g.
             Multiple (within own dept)       20
                                                       Supply chain management includes Procurement, Warehousing, Logistics, etc

                                                       For multiple related functions within own and other related departments. E.g. Marketing and
             Multiple (with other dept)       30
                                                       Sales

             Diversified                      50       For multiple diversified functions within own and other related/ unrelated departments.



                                                                   DEGREE OF INFLUENCE

             Negligible                       10       Has little participation in giving inputs for the formulation of objectives, polices & procedures.

             Limited                          20       Participates in giving some inputs for formulation of objectives, policies & procedures.

                                                       Actively participates in giving a fair degree of inputs for formulation of objectives, policies &
             Moderate                         30
                                                       procedures.

             Considerable                     50       Initiates and contributes significant inputs for formulation of objectives, policies & procedures.




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10. RESPONSIBILITY FOR ACCURACY OF RECORDS AND REPORTS AND PROBABLE RESULT OF ERRORS

Responsibility for Accuracy of Records, and Reports measures the extent of control a particular job has over the maintenance, preparation or checking of
records and reports and the probable result of errors which the job-holder is responsible for preventing (owing to the importance of these records and reports
to Descon Chemicals Business).


          Degree            Points                                                            Definition

                                       Prepares, checks, or maintains very few records or reports; result of errors is of little significance to the Descon
              1               15
                                       Chemicals Business.

                                       Prepares, checks, or maintains simple records or reports; errors are readily detected or corrected; may affect work of
              2               35
                                       others, requiring expenditure of nominal time to trace and correct.

                                       Prepares, checks, or maintains records or reports requiring a certain degree of accuracy; errors would result in some
              3               55       confusion, delay, or monetary loss. Errors are usually detected before major losses result or before extensive
                                       operational delays occur.

                                       Prepares, checks, or maintains records or reports requiring a high degree of accuracy; errors are not easily detected
                                       and would result in disruption of operations, embarrassment to Descon Chemicals Business, or significant monetary
              4               75
                                       loss / loss of goodwill / loss of market reputation. E.g. errors made in the preparation and presentation of data for use
                                       by top management / Board of Directors.




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11. RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Responsibility for Confidential Information appraises the nature and frequency of exposure of an employee to confidential information, records, or reports
such as payroll, personnel folders, and company’s strategies, and the allied responsibility for caution or discretion in safeguarding confidential data.


               Degree        Points                                                         Definition

                 1             5       Employee has little or no access or chance to prepare confidential records or reports.

                                       Employee prepares, maintains, or has access to confidential information with proper authorization. Incumbent does
                 2            15
                                       not possess full facts/implications of the situation.

                                       Employee prepares, maintains, or has access to confidential information normally available only to high-ranking
                 3            25       officials of Descon Chemicals Business. Disclosure of such information could prove seriously detrimental to Descon
                                       Chemicals Business’s interests.




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12. RESPONSIBILITY FOR DECISION AND ACTION

Responsibility for Decision and Action measures scope of decision making vested in the job-holder and its consequence on the Descon Chemicals Business.


                                                                                                                      I                  II
                                                   Definition                                                Made in Consultation
                                                                                                                                    Made Alone
                                                                                                                 with Others

       Most decisions made are simple, routine, and consistent with detailed instructions, procedures
       or authoritative precedents. There is very little latitude for choice of timing, methods, or costs.
                                                                                                                     1/20               2/40
       Delayed/poor decisions would involve only minor inconvenience or nominal financial loss to the
       company.


       Most decisions made require consideration of more than one variable. Errors in judgment
       would involve some financial loss, inconvenience or some disruption of harmonious                             2/40               3/60
       relationships with stakeholders and customers.



       Most decisions made require consideration of multiple variables and multidimensional
       situations. Errors in judgment would involve moderate financial loss, and much inconvenience                  3/60               4/80
       or major disruption of harmonious relationships with stakeholders and customers.



       Most decisions made are difficult and final. Errors in judgment would involve substantial
       financial loss, inconvenience, or serious disruption of harmonious relationships with                         4/80              5/100
       stakeholders and customers.




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13. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

This factor measures the responsibilities of the job for research and development (R & D) activities underpinned by appropriate methodology and
documentation, including formal testing or evaluation of products. It takes into account the nature of the responsibility (initiation, implementation, oversight of
research and development activities), whether it is an integral part of the work or research for personal development purposes; and the degree to which it is
shared with others.



         Degree              Points                                                              Definition


             1                 15          Undertakes surveys or audits, as necessary to own work; may occasionally participate in R & D.

             2                 30          Regularly undertakes R & D activity as a requirement of the job; regularly undertakes product adaptation.

                                           Carries out research or development work as part of one or more formal research programs or activities as a major
             3                 45
                                           job requirement.

             4                 60          Responsible for coordinating and implementing R & D programs or activity as a requirement of the job.

                                           Responsible, as an integral part of the job, for initiating (which may involve securing funding) and developing R & D
             5                 75
                                           programs or activities, which support the objectives of the broader organisation.




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14. WORKING CONDITIONS

This factor refers to the environment in which work is performed and the extent to which there are undesirable or disagreeable elements. It considers the type
of environmental conditions that impact on the job and the typical frequency in which the work is performed under these conditions.


MINOR                                                                                      MAJOR
       •   Exposure to moderate levels of smell/fumes, dirt or noise                         •     Exposure to extreme levels of smell/fumes, dirt or noise;
       •   Moderate variations or levels if in heat, cold, noise, outside fumes, dirt or     •     Exposure to very high or low temperatures (e.g. freezer)
           other environmental factors;                                                      •     Exposure to extreme weather conditions;
       •   Difficult weather conditions                                                      •     Handling hazardous substances
       •   Dealing with impatient/rude people;                                               •     Dealing with abusive people who pose a threat a threat of physical harm;
       •   Travel (excluding commuting to and from work)                                     •     Situations requiring formal precautions and procedures to manage the of
       •   Other similar conditions determined by the job Evaluation Committee.                    safety of self and others;
                                                                                             •     Other similar conditions determined by the job Evaluation Committee.


If more than two conditions are encountered from any category this is allowed for in the following table.


                          Degree              Exposure                    Condition          No. of conditions                  Frequency               Points


                              1            Normal                        None listed                  n/a                           n/a                    10
                                                                             Minor                  1 or 2                      Occ/Monthly
                                                                             Minor                    >2                        Occasionally
                                                                             Major                  1 or 2                      Occasionally
                              2            Limited                           Minor                  1 or 2                        Weekly                   20
                                                                             Minor                    >2                          Monthly
                                                                             Minor                  1 or 2                        Monthly
                                                                             Major                    >2                        Occasionally



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                    Degree     Exposure     Condition   No. of conditions   Frequency   Points


                        3    Moderate         Minor          1 or 2           Daily      35
                                              Minor            >2            Weekly
                                              Major          1 or 2          Weekly
                                              Major            .2            Monthly
                        4    Considerable     Minor            >2             Daily      55
                                              Major          1 or 2           Daily
                                              Major            >2            Weekly
                        5    Extensive        Major            >2             Daily      75




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15. TRAVEL REQUIREMENTS (DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL)



                        Degree       Points                                                 Definition



             1 - Rare / No Visits      5      Required to undertake rare or no visits to outstation cities and / or foreign countries.



                                              Required to undertake at least bi-monthly / quarterly visits to outstation cities and / or foreign
             2 - Occasional Visits    10
                                              countries.



             3 - Regular Visits       15      Required to undertake at least monthly visits to outstation cities and / or foreign countries.



             4 - Frequent Visits      20      Required to undertake at least fortnightly visits to outstation cities and / or foreign countries.




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                                                                           Chapter Three

                                                             Job Evaluation Process – step by step

                                                                                                                   •     Job Analysis Questionnaire
This Chapter presents the step by step guide for properly carrying out the job            JOB ANALYSIS
                                                                                                                   •     Observation
evaluation of benchmark positions. It is organized into two broad sections –                                       •     Interviews
the first section describes the key elements required for the JE process and
                                                                                                                   •     Job description and person specifications

the second section presents the step by step approach for carrying out Job
Evaluation.                                                                                JOB RATING              •     Job Factors
                                                                                       AND CLASSIFICATION          •     Rating, Ranking & Classification
                                                                                                                   •     Review & Approval


Joint participation via Job Evaluation Committee
Job evaluation is most effective as a participative exercise and this in itself can improve employment relations and communications. It is therefore
recommended that job evaluation is introduced or revised jointly by allowing representatives from various departments on a Job Evaluation Committee. This
is because:

a.    a joint approach is more likely to commit relevant stakeholders to the outcome of the exercise with jointly recommended proposals more likely to be
      accepted;

b.    a joint forum will generate more ideas and recommendations;

c.    a jointly agreed job evaluation scheme can remove emotion from grading queries by allowing reasoning, rather than confrontation, to prevail, and

d.    in the event of an equal value claim, a jointly agreed analytical scheme is more likely to be regarded as fair by all stakeholders


The composition of the joint job evaluation committee should take full account of the interests of all departments / groups of employees. It would be
impractical to have every functional /occupational interest directly represented but it is important that members of the job evaluation committee possess as
much knowledge as possible of the range of jobs involved. It is, however, counter-productive if the job evaluation committee is so large as to be unwieldy. It is
important to bear in mind that the job evaluation committee is a problem solving team. The optimum number on the committee is normally six to eight people
plus the chairperson. The recommended JE committee composition for the four entities in the Descon Chemicals Business area is as follows:



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            Description                 Descon Chemicals                    Descon Trading                Nimir Resins            Descon Oxychemicals


Chairperson                     HR Consultant / Head of HR       HR Consultant / Head of HR     HR Consultant / Head of HR   HR Consultant / Head of HR

Members                         Head Marketing                   Trading Manager                Head Supply chain            Head QHSE
                                Works Manager                                                   Plant Manager                Head Supply chain
                                Head Finance                                                    Head Marketing               Plant Manager
                                Chief Information Officer                                       Head Finance                 Head Marketing
                                Head Supply Chain                                                                            Head Finance & Co. Secretary


A separate JE committee shall be formed for evaluating the own positions of the members of the aforesaid JE committees. The membership of this (separate)
JE committee shall include the following:


      a. Head, Chemicals Business Area

      b. Chief Executive of concerned entity / company

      c.   HR Consultant


           Terms of Reference of the Job Evaluation Committee


1. Maintain a comprehensive knowledge of the job evaluation process.

2. Review and evaluate new or revised position descriptions in preparation for the evaluation process.

3. Maintain the confidentiality of information received by the Committee.


           Documentation

A record should be kept of the decisions of the job evaluation committee and any other appropriate information.



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Job Description – Primary document for evaluating Jobs

Jobs are evaluated based on information that is gathered and documented in job descriptions. The job descriptions contain the information used to rate a job
and to compare and assess changes in a job so that it can be assigned to the proper level in the salary structure. Job descriptions must provide complete
details about the job so that it can be evaluated and assigned a fair and equitable salary given its skill, effort, and responsibility and working conditions. It is
important that job descriptions:


• are written in a standard format to enable valid comparisons to be made
• are complete and take account of all major tasks and/or responsibilities
• are suitable in style and content for use in more than one section or department
• cover the range of factors chosen for a job, and
• are checked and agreed by the job holder and the job holder’s manager / supervisor.


Management and Human Resources department are jointly responsible for ensuring that job descriptions are accurate and up-to-date. This will ensure that
jobs are appropriately evaluated and appropriately paid.

Time and resources needed
Job evaluation requires commitment in time and effort. The length of time from introduction to operation will vary depending on number of benchmark
positions to be evaluated. It is best to undertake the job evaluation exercise within an agreed time-scale so that:


a.    wherever practicable, it does not interfere with the planned salary revisions;
b.    there is sufficient time to deal with request for reconsideration; and
c.    any additional finance, to remedy anomalies in a grading structure, can be budgeted for.



In the pages to follows, we have detailed the step by step process for carrying out the job evaluation of positions.




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Assign a Preliminary Evaluation to the Job

The Job Evaluation Committee will evaluate or rate the job by applying the approved Job Evaluation scheme to the job based on the information contained in
the job description. Each factor in the Job Evaluation scheme is assessed and a preliminary evaluation of the job is established to determine the salary grade
/ level. At this stage, the Job Evaluation committee may refer to other job related documents such as Job Analysis Questionnaire (a sample is presented in
Appendix A) or documentation relating to job analysis interview to ensure consistency in the application of the job evaluation plan.

The Job Evaluation committee will complete the Job Evaluation Form (Appendix B) and inform the HR Department, who submitted the job for evaluation, of
the results of the evaluation, i.e. the salary grade / level to be applied to the job.

Once all jobs have been evaluated and put in rank order, the Job evaluation committee should then agree the rank order of jobs from which a grading
structure can be prepared, and recommend it to the appropriate approving authority.

Evaluating Changes in an Existing Job

Changes in job content can affect the skill, effort, responsibility and/or working conditions of a job, and thus its value and the level at which it is paid. Changes
to job content can occur as a result of departmental restructuring, introduction of a new products / services, etc.

Managers and Supervisors, who have jobs reporting to them that have changed, must initiate the process for reviewing the job to ensure that it is paid fairly.
This is done by having the incumbent complete a Request to Evaluate Changes in a Job form (attached as Appendix C) and a Job Analysis Questionnaire.
Changes in jobs must be reported as soon as possible to avoid creating and perpetuating pay inequities. The process for evaluating a job that has changed is
as follows:

1. Document the Changes in the Job

The incumbent(s) or Manager/Supervisor can initiate a review of the position. The incumbent(s) complete(s):

        • a Request to Evaluate Changes in an Existing Job Form outlining what has changed in the job and what factors should be reviewed; and

        • those portions of the Job Analysis Questionnaire that address the changes in the job’s skill, effort, responsibilities and working conditions.



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2. Submit Job Information to Human Resources Department

The incumbent submits a completed Request to Evaluate Changes in an existing Job, a completed Job Analysis Questionnaire and a revised job description.
It is important to submit a revised job description so that it is accurate and up-to-date. The Supervisor or Manager submits the forms to the Head of
department for approval / sign off. Signing the Request to Evaluate Changes in an Existing Job and the Job Analysis Questionnaire indicates full agreement
with the information contained in these documents. Once these documents have been signed off, the Head of department submits them to the Human
Resources department which would refer the documents to the Job Evaluation committee.

3. Assign an Evaluation to the Job

The Job Evaluation committee shall review the Request to Evaluate Changes in an Existing Job Form, job description, Job Analysis Questionnaire and other
job documents provided. Using those documents, the Job Evaluation committee conducts an assessment of the changes in the job and the impact those
changes have on the evaluation and classification of the job.

The Job Evaluation Committee may also request interviews with incumbents, Supervisors or Managers.

At this stage, the Job Evaluation Committee may request that job documents such as Job Analysis Questionnaire or job descriptions be completed for other
related positions in the work unit or elsewhere in the organization to ensure consistency in the application of the job evaluation scheme.

The Job Evaluation Committee will inform the human resources department, in writing, of the results of the evaluation, i.e. the salary level to be applied to the
job. The human resources department will communicate the rating information to the head of concerned department, the incumbent(s) of the job and the
immediate Supervisor.

The evaluation of the job is subject to the reconsideration process provided for in these procedures. If no request is made for reconsideration within thirty (30)
days, the evaluation of the job becomes final and binding.

Requesting Reconsideration

The rating of a job is subject to review or reconsideration by the Job Evaluation Committee. The procedure for reconsideration is as follows.



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The incumbent(s) or Managers/Supervisors, who disagrees with the rating for the job, can request a meeting between the incumbent(s), the
Managers/Supervisors and the Job Evaluation committee to ensure that all relevant factors have been addressed.

The Request for Reconsideration will be reviewed and signed off by the immediate supervisor and the concerned head of department indicating full
agreement with the contents of the documentation.

The Job evaluation committee will meet to review and consider the Request for Reconsideration. The Committee may ask the incumbent, the incumbent(s)'
Manager(s)/Supervisor(s) to attend at the meeting to provide further information. The Job Evaluation committee will inform the Human resource department
regarding the outcome of the review process and change in the rating of the position, if any. The Human resources department will subsequently inform the
concerned incumbent, immediate supervisor and the head of department.

Reconsidered decisions of the Job Evaluation committee shall be final and binding.

Implementation

If the job evaluation exercise has been carried out carefully and in a participative way, it is more likely that its outcome will be accepted. The next stage is for
the organisation to decide how to implement the conclusions, prepare a grading structure, communicate this to employees and deal with any reconsideration
cases. The grading structure should be agreed by negotiation and should establish the number of grades, the span of points for each grade and the related
pay ranges.

        Evaluation Resulting in a Lower Level
        When a job being evaluated results in a lower level, the incumbent will remain at their substantive designation and salary level. When the incumbent
        moves on for whatever reason, recruitment will be to the new level in accordance with normal selection procedures.

        Evaluation Resulting in a Higher Level
        When a job being evaluated results in a higher level, the incumbent will remain at their substantive designation. Any recruitment action to the job at
        the new level will be in accordance with normal selection procedures. If the incumbent (being an internal candidate) is not successful, he/she will
        continue to be employed at his/her substantive level and may be transferred to another job at level. Given that the person has been doing the job for
        some time, he/she may expect to have a better chance of being selected for promotion to the new level. However, there may be a better candidate,
        and the principle of merit is about finding the best person to perform at the new level of the job.

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       It is important to bear in mind that Employees do not ‘own’ jobs. Employment is at a classification level that reflects a standard or range of work that
       the individual is expected to perform.

Communications
Job evaluation will involve change, even though the change may only affect some jobs. Commitment to change will be essential, with all stakeholders
agreeing from the outset that they will act upon the results. Before starting a job evaluation exercise, there needs to be agreement on the best means of
communicating and sharing the outcome of the process. All employees affected by the proposed evaluation should be kept informed of what is happening.
Middle management and supervisors should not be by-passed. They have a role to play in contributing to the exercise and must be able to answer
appropriate questions from employees.




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                                                                       Chapter Four

                                              Guidelines for Raters (Job Evaluation Committee Members)



A critical requirement for proper use of Job Evaluation scheme is to ensure   Context and Job understanding are necessary pre-requisites for proper job evaluation
that all members of the Job Evaluation committee interpret the Job
Evaluation factors in a consistent and coherent manner. Divergent opinions                                          Context
of Job Evaluation committee members could create a stalemate in the
finalization of Job evaluation scores of benchmark positions with resultant
consequences. This chapter presents certain guidelines for the key                                                                Job
constituent factors of the Descon Chemicals’ Job Evaluation scheme as
presented in Chapter Two. These guidelines are intended to facilitate the
Job Evaluation committee members in assessing the requirements of each
position and assigning the most appropriate score to it.                            Company Purpose                           Job Purpose &
                                                                                    Organization structure                    Accountabilities
                                                                                    Legal status                              Dimensions
Prior to using the Job Evaluation scheme, the Committee members also                Nature of operations                      Skills, Knowledge,
need to have a comprehensive understanding of the context of the job as             Financial health / scale of               Experience
                                                                                    operations.                               Main Challenges
illustrated on this page. ‘Context’ of the job refers to factors such as
                                                                                                                              Position in Org. Structure
company’s operations, organization structure, scale of business, products
and services, etc.
                                                                                                                                    Job Description




In the following pages, guidelines have been presented which should be referred to while considered various Job Evaluation factors.




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Technical know-how

1. Select the education level that most appropriately meets the job requirements.

2. The most common source of education is through formal education, such as secondary school, vocational centers, colleges, universities, etc.

3. Rate the Education sub factor before rating the Management know-how sub factor.

4. Apprenticeships consist of a formal education component, which should be rated under this sub factor, and a job experience component, which should be
   rated under the Management know-how sub factor.

Management know-how

1. Establish the degree of “Technical know-how” required before rating this factor.

2. Field time required for membership in a professional organization, designation, etc. requirements for a license should be considered under sub factor.

3. The experience sub factor measures only specific experience necessary to begin performing the job; it does not measure the actual experience of the
   incumbents(s).

HR Know-how

1. It is important to analyze the purpose of the contact in conjunction with the nature of the contact. The level of the person contacted is relevant to the
   extent that is serves as a check on the nature and purpose of the contact. (i.e. An Officer might very well provide information to a department head but it
   is extremely unlikely that he/she would be required to explain or follow – up on matters calling for influencing or persuasiveness)

2. Working relationships mean contact with other staff regarding a work activity.

3. Contacts of a difficult or specialized nature are those dealing with a subject area that is complex and typically requires specialized formal training or
   extensive experience to enable the participants to communicate in meaningful fashion.

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Complexity of work / Degree of Influence

1. Complexity and magnitude of problems must be considered in term of judgment, analytical ability, and initiative required in deciding upon the appropriate
   choices of action.

2. Freedom to implement solutions must be considered in terms of the existence of instruction, procedures, policies, precedents and the nature of
      supervision received.

3. It is important to evaluate the decision making that is permitted within the parameters and constraints of the position and not the capability of the
   incumbent. Initiative is the mandated authority to carry out assignments.

4. Decision-making permitted while temporarily covering off for another position is not rated.

Span of control / reporting relationships

1. This factor is applicable for those positions which are administratively responsible for the formal supervision of other employees. This means the job
   requires a portion of each of the following supervisory duties on an on–going basis:

          Scheduling and assigning work
          Providing advice and direction
          Establishing work standards
          Appraising the work of others
          Monitoring work quality and quality standards

2. Formal supervision is a definitely established part of the job requirement and is regular and on going.




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Responsibility for Decision & Action

1. Consider the nature of the more serious probable adverse outcome (of decisions) that might reasonably occur within the job regardless of the type or
   cause. Consider at what stage errors would be detected and their effect.

2. Do not rate extreme circumstances where risk of a specific situation occurring is unlikely.

3. Consider consequence of decisions in term such as:

        Handling money.
        Damage or loss involving equipment, supplies or property
        Disruption or delay of service
        Loss of time in detecting and correcting an error
        Inaccuracy of reports or records
        The seriousness of an error
        Embarrassment to the organization/department
        The length of time an error will have an impact
        Loss of goodwill and market reputation

Working conditions

1. Rate only those disagreeable working conditions that cannot be changed.

2. Raters should consider the many and varied conditions that prevail in the workplace.




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                                                                        Chapter Five

                                                                Quality Assurance Process


The Job Evaluation score of a benchmark position determines its job grade
which in turn is linked with the compensation package which could be offered
[to the position]. Compensation package is a key element of job satisfaction.
Hence, quality assurance of the entire job evaluation process and results, in
ensuring achievement of benefits / objectives for which the job evaluation
process is initiated, is critical.

There are three quality assurance elements that are built into the job evaluation
process.

      a. Job Evaluation Committee
      b. Profile validation
      c. Sore thumbing

Chapter Three presents in detail the purpose of Job Evaluation committee, its Terms of Reference, composition, etc. This chapter explains the other two
elements.

Profile Validation

Job Profiles describe the relationship between Know–how, Problem Solving and Accountability. The job’s size and profile serve as starting points for many job
evaluation applications.

Job size is determined by the total of the factor point values for Know-how, Problem Solving and Accountability, and reflects the job’s relative value to the
organization. The Accountability that makes up the job determines its profile. The job profile concept provides a better understanding of how jobs fit into
organizations.


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The balance between Accountability and Problem Solving reflects the extent to which the job is primarily concerned with achieving results or is focused on
research and analysis.

The balance among Accountability, Know–how, and Problem Solving reflects the level and type of work in an organization. For example, entry-level positions
typically focus on Know–how. Accountability focus grows through career development into jobs that impact the organization more broadly through application
of acquired experience and problem-solving capability.

In entry-level jobs, Know–how may account for 70% of job content, while at the head of department level, Know–how may only be 30% of job content (even
though, it is significantly more important than Know–how for an entry-level position).

        Short Profiles

There are “Short Profiles” that describe the relationship of the point factor values for a single position or classification.

In some positions, “Accountability” is higher than “Problem Solving”. These positions have an “Up” profile. This means that deadlines and end results are
more important to successful job performance than analysis and research. As the gap between “Problem Solving” and “Accountability” increase (greater
“Accountability”), deadlines and end results take on greater significance. Usually, jobs of this nature are supervisors and managers.

In some positions, “Problem Solving” and “Accountability” are equal. In these positions, analysis and the search for answers to difficult work issues is as
important as deadlines. Profiles include positions such as Application Chemist, Auditor, etc.

In some positions, “Problem Solving” is greater than Accountability. In these positions, analysis and the search for answers is greater than deadlines and end
results. Such profiles are often found among positions responsible for research.

        Long Profiles

The Long Profile describes the relationship of the three Job Evaluation factors for a single position as well as the vertical relationship of positions within an
organization. Long Profiles break down the three factors into percentages. Long Profiles can be determined from the Job Evaluation scheme. The Long from
profile of 55-24-21 means that 55% of this position is Know–how, 24% of this position is Problem Solving and 21% of this position is Accountability. When

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analyzing the vertical relationships of positions within an organization, positions at higher levels have greater Accountability. This permits Job Evaluation
committee members to use the “Long Profile” to determine a rating’s accuracy. For example, a managerial position with the above profile supervising
employees with a profile of (55-21-24 with 24% of the subordinates’ positions Accountability) is probably incorrect.

Sore-Thumbing

Sore-Thumbing is primarily used for review, after positions have been evaluated and before the ratings are finalized. In this process, the job evaluation scores
are put in order from high to low and reviewed in relation to each other. This process is called “sore thumbing” because the job evaluation committee
members check the ratings to see if any aspects of the ratings “stick out like a sore thumb”. If irregularities or discrepancies are discovered during this
process, the job evaluation committee members discuss the rating(s) in question and decide whether any changes are needed before the ratings are
considered final.




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                                                                            Chapter Six

                                                        Maintaining the Job Evaluation Program


The full utility of the Job Evaluation initiative / scheme plan is attained by Descon Chemicals Business if it is maintained effectively. Guidelines for maintaining
of the program and some related principles are:


i.      All positions presently existing in the business entities and any position created in the future must have a proper Job Description.

ii.     Job Description should ideally be either written by the concerned supervisor or he/she be made responsible for writing of Job Descriptions for
        positions directly reporting to him. The activity may be coordinated by a designated representative of Human Resource Department, who will also
        provide assistance to the supervisors, as and when necessary.

iii.    Copies of all approved Job Descriptions should be available in Human Resource Department.

iv.     The Human Resource Representative must ensure that no changes in the classification of jobs are approved until proper Job Descriptions/ Person
        Specifications are prepared, approved and evaluated.

v.      Human Resource Representative should conduct a review of all Job Descriptions at least once in two years by issuing copies to all incumbents of
        existing Job Descriptions for which they are responsible in their supervisory capacity, and request revision comments, e.g.:

            Job Description is up-to-date; no revision required.

            Job Description is not up-to-date; to be revised on ---------(date).

            Obsolete; remove from records----reasons.

vi.     The Job Evaluation Committee should meet on regularly scheduled intervals, as called by Human Resource Representative to review changed
        situations and to keep changes up-to-date. Official minutes must be kept of such meetings and resultant ratings recorded in relevant records.

vii.    The rating of new or changed positions should never be done singly. It should incorporate a reference to already established ratings of other
        positions.

viii.   Guidance and assistance in writing new / revised Job Descriptions will be given by a member of the Job Evaluation unit within Human Resource
        Department.


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ix.     Jobs which have not previously existed in the organization structure or jobs whose contents have significantly changed (as a result of change in
        degree of one or more factors) would require evaluation and re-evaluation respectively.


In time, the internal equity amongst jobs will have to be reinforced further and made more meaningful by creating linkages between the compensation
package in the concerned organizations and the relative points assigned to the positions.

The job evaluation must not be seen as a once-for-all exercise. The top management must also realise that when radically new conditions arise, it may well
be necessary to rethink the original basis of the scheme. Where the skill-mix of concerned organizations is affected for any reason and there are indications
that the scheme is no longer meeting its original objectives, then revision of the scheme may be necessary. There are likely to be situations where in addition
to technological changes requiring higher or different skills, certain job characteristics may change in relative value over a certain period i.e. work complexity
and decision making (owning to decentralisation or other policy change) etc. This then would also highlight the need for a review.




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JOB ANALYSIS QUESTIONNAIRE
                                     (Management Positions)


NAME:                                                POSITION:




DEPARTMENT:                                          SECTION:


I.   STATEMENT OF DUTIES: List in the order of importance. Describe duties as simply and     Hrs./day or
     clearly as possible. Attach additional sheets if necessary.
                                                                                             % Total




EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS: State the minimum level of formal schooling or equivalent training necessary
to satisfactorily perform this job.
□ Elementary Graduate or less                  □ High School Graduate    □ Master's Degree
□ Two years College and/or vocational Course   □ Graduate                □ M.Phil




                                                                                                       1/2
JOB ANALYSIS QUESTIONNAIRE
                                                 (Managerial Positions)

III. EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS: Indicate length of on-the-job training and previous experience necessary to
     meet the minimum requirements of the job.

□ 6 months to 2 years                                   □ 2 to 4 years                    □ 4 to 6 years
□ 6 to 10 years                                         □ 10 to 14 years                  □ over 14 years


SUPERVISION GIVEN: Indicate the positions of persons you supervise.
Job title of persons supervised                                                           Instruction                 Work Review
                                                                                     General       Detailed        General        Detailed




PLANNING AND ORGANIZING: Indicate the degree of planning and organizing exercised. Check appropriate box.
                  Planning and organizing involving a single organization unit.
                  Planning and organizing involving several organization units consisting of two organizational hierarchies.
                  Planning and organizing involving several organization units consisting of more than two organizational hierarchies.

ANALYSIS AND PROBLEM SOLVING: Identify the type of recurring problems that your position is generally
confronted with. Check appropriate boxes.
            Type of Problem Solving Situation                                         Nature of Required Response
 Specialized Field           Diversified          Broadly defined          Constructive          Knowledge of                Imaginative
                             Procedures              Policies               Thinking              Basic Ideas                 Approach



REPORTS RECEIVED:
                                                                                           Frequency                     Purpose




REPORTS PREPARED:
                                                                                           Frequency                     Purpose




DIRECT ACCOUNTABILITY FOR NEGLIGENCE, LOSS OR DAMAGE:
   Asset class                        Description                    Value (in Mn)    Confidential records
Property
Equipment
Cash

CONTACTS WITH PERSONS/AGENCIES OUTSIDE OWN DEPARTMENT/ORGANIZATION:
Person/Agency                                                        Purpose




Prepared By:                       Date:                             Approved By:                          Date:




                                                                                                                                    2/2
Descon chemicals jobevaluationmannual
Descon chemicals jobevaluationmannual
Descon chemicals jobevaluationmannual

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Descon chemicals jobevaluationmannual

  • 1. Descon Chemicals Job Evaluation Manual (Draft) December 2008 Your Partner in Human Capital Management
  • 2. Descon Chemicals Job Evaluation Manual Contents 1. Introduction 2. Job Evaluation Scheme 3. Job Evaluation Process 4. Guidelines for Raters 5. Quality Assurance Process 6. Maintaining the Job Evaluation Program Appendices • Appendix A - Job Analysis Questionnaire • Appendix B – Job Evaluation Form • Appendix C – Request to evaluate changes in existing jobs Your Partner in Human Capital Management
  • 3. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Chapter One Introduction About this Manual This manual has been developed for conducting Job Evaluation of all benchmark positions in the Descon Chemicals business in a systemic and credible manner. The Job Evaluation scheme and procedures and guidelines articulated in this manual are simply the Descon Chemicals business Job Evaluation policies written into a usable guidebook for its staff, and all applicable employees. Job Evaluation Job Evaluation is a systematic process for ranking jobs logically and fairly by comparing job against job or against a pre-determined scale to determine the relative complexity of jobs and the relative importance of what they contribute to the business entity. This is to say that Job Evaluation IS IS Not Comparative Absolute Judgemental Scientific Structured Unstructured Job Centred Person Focused Job evaluation is a sophisticated HR intervention that helps to establish “relative internal equity” amongst the numerous positions that exist in Descon Chemicals Business area. Relative Internal equity refers to the value or importance attached to a position within an organisation (i.e. Descon Chemicals, Descon Corporation, etc. in the context of all other positions within the same entity. In the absence of relative internal equity, there is a likelihood of some positions being placed at inflated hierarchical levels while others may be artificially deflated. Such distortions tend to creep into the management structure over an extended time period as a result of incremental changes made to meet the exigencies of day to day management and need to be addressed so that internal equity may be re-established. 1-1 HRS Global
  • 4. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Generally speaking, all positions in an organisation with similar titles or designations may apparently be treated as equal i.e. the Finance Manager, Marketing Manager, Quality Assurance Manager or Administration Manager. The foregoing are all ‘Manager’ positions and to that extent may appear to be equal. Notwithstanding the similarity of titles, a host of factors may contribute to these positions being of more or less value when compared internally to each other. Such differentiating factors may include academic requirements; work experience, span of management involved, skills and competencies required inherent accountabilities and associated risks etc. It is common knowledge that some qualifications are assigned a higher value than others perhaps as a matter of culture or simply due to market forces of demand and supply. For example, a foreign qualification in chartered accountancy is assigned a high value in Pakistan. Therefore, if the Finance Manager’s position required such a qualification, a higher relative value has to be assigned to the position in the organisation when compared to position like the Administration Manager wherein the qualification requirement may be lesser in terms of relative value. It is also important to measure how equal and/or how unequal are positions in relative terms. Organisation design principles require that job grading should group positions 8 into hierarchical grades / compensation bands that take care of the 7 similarities as well as the differentials in the positions with a view to ensure 6 relative internal equity. In this context, Job Evaluation serves as a valuable Job Grade 5 management tool which can bring with it a measure of organisational 4 harmony and discipline. It is important to bear in mind that the Job evaluation 3 does not determine actual pay. That is a separate operation, normally the subject of negotiation between management and employee. 2 1 The foregoing discussions apply fully in the context of Descon Chemicals Business where the positions, existing over time, have been categorised into 100 150 200 250 300 350 grades. In Descon Chemicals Business modifications have occurred in the Job Evaluation Points content, environment, requirements, and size of many jobs due to changing organisational needs over time as well as a host of other internal and external factors which constitute the environment in which Descon Chemicals Business operates. It is therefore important for the Chemicals businesses to determine whether internal equity exists amongst the jobs in each grade in a particular department and across all departments as well and ensure that inconsistencies, if any, are promptly addressed. The determination of internal equity requires the use of a well defined and structured tool such as Job Evaluation. 1-2 HRS Global
  • 5. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Key Features of Job Evaluation Scheme The key features of job evaluation scheme developed for Descon Chemicals Business are as follows: 1. The Job Evaluation scheme permits systemic determination of the comparative value of jobs within the entities. 2. Effort has been made to minimise the impact of judgemental errors and bias. Use of a well structured scheme of Job Evaluation minimises the impact of distortions that may occur in case the jobs were to be assigned values arbitrarily. 3. A set of compensable job factors which are common to various jobs in the concerned organisations have served as the underlying basis for design of Job evaluation scheme. Purpose of Job Evaluation The key objectives that the Job Evaluation exercise (at Descon Chemicals Business) aims to achieve are as follows: 1. Establish acceptable and understandable job-to-job relationships and correct differentials for all such jobs within the organisations. 2. Provide a structured basis for assessment of the relative difficulty or responsibility of the job. 3. Enhance internal equity among jobs in the concerned organisations by ensuring that new jobs are assigned into appropriate organisational hierarchy keeping in view their relativity with jobs already in existence. This is especially beneficial when the existing grading structure is in need of review 4. Establish and maintain the credibility and acceptability of a grading system / structure 5. Provide a means of arriving at sound relationships between jobs within a department and between departments. 6. Avoid inequitable differences in salary levels between departments for like work. 7. Provide a basis for the adjustment of salaries / compensation. 8. Facilitates the accommodation of new or revised jobs into the grading structure 1-3 HRS Global
  • 6. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Effective Date The effective date1 for this Manual is _____________. Applicability The Job Evaluation scheme and processes are applicable to all full time management positions in Descon Chemicals businesses. Compliance All employees shall duly and faithfully comply with the Job Evaluation scheme and processes and subsequent revisions thereto issued from time to time by the management. Revisions to this Manual The Job Evaluation Manual need to be revised regularly because the information in them becomes outdated with changing business circumstances and regulations. A comprehensive review of Job Evaluation scheme and processes is recommended after every two years to maintain the Manual as a reliable source of information and to keep the revision process manageable. Job Evaluation scheme / processes could be revised earlier as and when necessitated by changes in business circumstances and / or regulatory framework. The introduction of flexibility, multi-skilling, team working and new operational methods also have important consequences for job design and the way jobs are organized, and will clearly affect traditional work groupings and pay structures and could trigger a review of the Job Evaluation scheme. Revision must start with review. It is essential that enough time to be scheduled for a thorough review of each factor of Job Evaluation scheme and processes. Therefore, adherence to a manual revision schedule is essential. When there is an apparent need for a new or revised Job Evaluation scheme, the Job Evaluation Committee will submit it through appropriate channels to the top management for approval. 1 Date of implementation of manual will be set in consultation with the management. 1-4 HRS Global
  • 7. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual The Department of Human Resources will distribute notice of approved changes or additions to this Manual by issuing notices or e-mail announcements and will distribute approved version of the manual to the concerned staff. Updating Manuals outside the Revision Cycle In instances when it becomes absolutely necessary to post new or changed Job Evaluation scheme / processes outside the review cycle, the following policy and procedure shall be considered. The Head of Human Resources responsible for the Manual will make the exception based on the following criteria: • The new or revised information has such an immediate and significant impact on employees / grading structure / job descriptions, that it must be communicated in the Manual as soon as possible. • Absence of the new or revised policies or procedures could result in legal liabilities for the organization and the employees • The new or revised policies and procedures result from applicable laws, rules and regulations, Government’s policy changes, or legal interpretation that has a direct and immediate impact on the employees. If a question arises concerning whether a change meets the above criteria, the determination will be made by the CEO, whose decision shall be final. 1-5 HRS Global
  • 8. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Chapter Two Job Evaluation Scheme This chapter presents the Job Evaluation scheme for Descon Chemicals businesses, which currently comprises the following entities: a. Descon Chemicals – a private limited company engaged in manufacturing and marketing products for diverse industries including paper, textiles, paints, automotive, plastics, etc. b. Descon Corporation – importation and distribution of products for various sectors. c. Nimir Resins – a listed company engaged in manufacturing and marketing various chemical products d. Descon Oxychemicals – a public limited entity, engaged in manufacturing and marketing Hydrogen per oxide. The scheme has been developed keeping in mind the following factors: a. Nature of activities being carried out under each Chemicals business – trading, manufacturing, etc. b. Scale of activities in terms of annual turnover, value of assets under management, head count, etc. c. Differing operating environment of various businesses, i.e. batch manufacturing as well as 24/7 process based operations d. Level of competition in the industry. e. Legal status of entities – private limited companies, public limited companies, and companies listed on the stock exchange. f. Sharing of resources across entities in certain functional areas g. High level and specific safety requirements of operations The Job Evaluation scheme developed for Descon Chemicals consists of 15 factors as enlisted on the table on the following page. 2-1 HRS Global
  • 9. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Job Evaluation Scheme for Descon Chemicals Job Factors, Weights and Points Job Factors Weight Maximum Points Percentage 1. Technical Know-how 150 Know-how 2. Management Know-how 30% 150 3. HR Know-how 100 4. Complexity of Work 125 5. Span of control / Reporting relationships 50 Problem 30% 6. Thinking challenge / Analytical skills 100 solving 7. Planning & Organizing 60 8. Communication skills 65 9. Responsibility for Objectives, Policies & Procedures 100 10. Responsibility for Accuracy of Records & Reports 75 Accountability 30% 11. Responsibility for Confidential Information 50 12. Responsibility for Decision and Action 100 13. Responsibility for Research and Development 75 Other 14. Working conditions 10% 75 conditions 15. Travel requirements (Domestic & International) 50 Total 100% 1325 2-2 HRS Global
  • 10. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 1. TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW Technical know-how is an indicator of all kinds of required education or special training. In simple terms the technical know-how can be referred to as the minimum desired qualification to perform the duties and functions of the particular job. TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW Degree Points Description Knowledge of standardized work routines and methods and general facts and information and / or use of simple 1. Elementary 40 equipment, machines and materials. A certain amount of insight in the relationship between activities is required. Vocational Knowledge is acquired through training on the job. Knowledge and insight are required for application of practical methods and techniques, work procedures and processes and/or proficiency in the use of materials, specialized equipment, and tools. Knowledge is acquired 2. Vocational 60 through technical training and on the job experience. Administrative support jobs require an understanding of general office and business procedures and may require specialized skills such as word processing, spreadsheets, or bookkeeping. Jobs require an accumulation of specialised job related vocational training. Job holders need to be authoritative 3. Advanced 75 on methods and systems but would not have the conceptual understanding needed to change them. Position vocational examples include Technician, Network Administrator, etc. Sufficient knowledge or technical skills applied to related functions of a particular field and / or relevant bachelor’s degree in engineering. In some cases this could also be technical certification or else a partially completed 4. Technical professional qualification such as part completed chartered accountancy, cost and management accountancy, 90 Sufficiency etc. Positions need to know more about “why”, i.e., the underlying principles involved. 2-3 HRS Global
  • 11. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual TECHNICAL KNOW-HOW Degree Points Description Proficiency in specialized techniques or technical skills gained through advanced study such as master’s degree in a relevant field like Chemistry, Business Administration, etc. / specialized training requiring passing a requisite 5. Technical 125 exam. i.e. ACA / ACMA. Positions include experts whose substantial experience and depth of knowledge enable Proficiency them to “write the book”, and determine functional policy and practice. Positions requiring qualifications in multiple disciplines, i.e. an engineering degree plus an MBA would also be placed here. Expertise in specialized techniques or technical skills beyond technical proficiency gained through research and 6. Technical extensive study such as a Ph.D. This rating reflects a national leadership role. This level also includes senior 150 Expertise specialists in scientific or learned disciplines who are authoritative in their discipline and senior management with substantial knowledge about the organization, mission and objectives. 2-4 HRS Global
  • 12. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 2. MANAGEMENT KNOW-HOW Management know-how reflects practical knowledge and skill gained through experience over a length of time (years), within or outside Descon Chemicals Business. In general a positive correlation exists between the management know-how and the desired minimum experience to perform the duties and function of a particular job. MANAGEMENT KNOW-HOW Degree Points Description Basic management skills required at entry-level position. Performance of a task (or task) highly specific as to 1– objective and content and not involving the supervision of others. Jobs usually focus on completing very 25 6 Months to 2 Years simple, routine, and repetitive. Interaction with others principally connected to receiving instructions or sharing specific work related information. 2– Management skills required to perform as specialist organising own work mostly involving single function. 50 (This could involve working on a single project at a time.) The focus is on assignment of work, scheduling of 2 to 4 Years Experience work, monitoring of work as it is being doe, reviewing results for timeliness and cost effectiveness. Management skills required to perform as specialist or supervisor organising own / subordinates’ work mostly 3– involving single function (This could be managing few projects of similar nature at a time). These jobs are 75 4 to 6 Years Experience required to integrate the sub function or sub elements of a function so that specified objectives are achieved. These sub elements are not identical but are generally moving in the same direction. Management skills required for performing multiple related functions, integrating homogenous sub-elements 4– to achieve common objective. This could involve managing projects of various nature. The number and 100 diversity of functions are increasingly important; however, functions are still fairly similar in nature. The 6 to 10 Years Experience emphasis is on organizational planning and diverse programs integration. E.g. Supply chain management includes Procurement, Warehousing, Logistics, etc. 2-5 HRS Global
  • 13. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual MANAGEMENT KNOW-HOW Degree Points Description 5– Management skills required for integrating work of departments having heterogeneous sub-functions. 10 to 14 Years 125 Managers characteristically face diverse objectives and goals and competing needs for resources. Broad- Experience scale organizational planning and control assume greater importance 6– Over 14 Years 150 Full integration and management of all functions within a large organization. Experience 2-6 HRS Global
  • 14. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 3. HR KNOW-HOW Know-how of working with other people is an indicator of the desired level of interaction with other people within and outside one’s own function. It refers to the level and intensity of various relationships required to work with and through other people in order to get results in a particular job. Contact includes personal discussions, telephone conversations, and written communications. These range from merely passing on or receipt of information where the challenge is minimal to the job-holders contacts involving tact and persuasion particularly with someone at a higher authority level. HR KNOW-HOW Degree Points Description Job-holder is required to apply basic interpersonal skills to maintain trusting and friendly relationship. Primary 1. Basic 30 interactions with others involve the tactful exchange of factual information. Positions require ordinary courtesy. Jobholder interacts regularly with others both within and outside own department and needs to use persuasion, and effective communication skills to influence others which are important but not critical to the 2. Important 60 performance of the job. Position requires sensitivity to others’ points of view in order of influence outcomes. Positions that assign, monitor and review other employees’ work usually require at least this level of skill. Jobholder requires highest level of interpersonal skills to influence human behaviour and frequently needs to use persuasion, negotiation and counselling to influence and motivate others which are critical to the 3. Critical 100 successful performance of the job. The highest level of interpersonal skill is required for significant interaction with others at any level within or outside the organization. Positions that negotiate, sell, supervise and manage are typically rated as “Critical”. 2-7 HRS Global
  • 15. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 4. COMPLEXITY OF WORK Complexity of the Work refers to the ‘context’ of the position, i.e. the availability of guidelines, including written or verbal procedures, policies, regulations, references; precedents and practices; and methods and techniques of a profession. In general, policies describe the “what” of a subject matter, procedures detail the steps needed to follow through on a policy (i.e., how, where, when, by whom) and instructions outline the specific aspects of how to perform the tasks, such as the operation of a machine. Degree Points Definition Prescribed - elements of the work involved are few and simple. Instructions or orders, usually specify in detail the sequence 1 15 and timing of the tasks to be undertaken with little or no latitude for the employee to consider alternative procedures. Positions are guided by established routines and standing instructions. Instructions usually provide the latitude to consider 2 30 variations in the sequence of procedures based on situations encountered within the work setting. Positions are guided by somewhat diversified procedures and precedents. While assigned tasks follow procedures, latitude 3 40 is permitted because of changing work circumstances. Incumbents determine the most appropriate procedure or precedent to follow. Positions are guided by substantially diversified business or academic procedures and specialized standards. Changing 4 60 priorities or differing situations encountered in the work environment allow the employee latitude to consider which among many procedures should be followed in what sequence to achieve the required job results. Positions are guided by policies and principles rather than procedures. Incumbents determine how best to accomplish goals 5 75 or resolve work challenges. Positions are guided by broadly defined policies and specific objectives. Incumbents determine “what needs to be done” in 6 90 applying broad policies, in establishing a plan of action, and in determining the priorities and processes needed to achieve the objective. 2-8 HRS Global
  • 16. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Degree Points Definition Thinking within general policies, principles and goals under guidance. These jobs are concerned with determining the major 7 105 functional directions the organization takes, in order to achieve its goals. The what is specified in only every general terms. Thinking within business philosophy and / or principles controlling human affairs. Positions at this level are concerned with 8 125 setting strategic direction of the organization consistent with its charter and identifying the requirements for survival and continuity of the organization 2-9 HRS Global
  • 17. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 5. SPAN OF CONTROL / REPORTING RELATIONSHIPS Span of control / reporting relationships consider the total no. of staff directly and indirectly supervised. Degree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total no. of staff directly and 1-5 6 - 10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 50+ indirectly supervised Points 10 17 23 30 37 44 50 2-10 HRS Global
  • 18. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 6. THINKING CHALLENGE / ANALYTICAL SKILLS Thinking Challenge includes the nature of the problems encountered and the mental processes used to resolve the problems. The scale ranges from simple problems to very complex issues, with the premise that simple issues recur regularly in the same form and after awhile are resolved by rote or instinct, but very difficult issues require substantial thinking and deliberation. The types of situations encountered and the processes involved in identifying, defining or resolving related problems are considered. Thinking Challenge reflects the degree of difficulty in finding improvements and adapting to changes. Degree Points Definition Prescribed; solution to problems requires application of established and standard procedures which cover various situations 1 20 and alternatives. Patterned - elements of the work involved are many but similar and often requires choice between two or three alternatives; solution to problems requires analysis of information and application of best practices and authoritative precedents. These jobs 2 40 are confronted with multiple-choice situations, but have learned which choice is most appropriate for each situation through prior exposure or experience. Adaptive - elements of the work involved vary, requiring some improvisation; solution to problems requires application of theories, concepts, and principles for developing different approaches to fit specific circumstances. Experience is needed to know the options and make sound judgments. Employees need to be aware of and interpret choices; they are expected to 3 60 have dealt with problems that “fall in the cracks” and resolve them by “reading between the lines”. Solutions result from comparing problem elements to reference points within one’s own experience and then using one’s judgment to match the appropriate prior decision. Positions are expected to resolve variable situations requiring analytical, interpretive, evaluative and/or constructive thinking. Situations are often more hypothetical, with the need to develop alternatives. Positions deal with situations that are largely 4 80 new. Employees adapt trends or programs that are known to be used in specific circumstances. The employee has to consider various possible courses of action and ponder their consequences before taking or recommending further steps. 2-11 HRS Global
  • 19. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Degree Points Definition Creative - elements of the work are new and not standardized; solution to problems requires frequent development of 5 100 approaches, concepts, and theories that are new to the professional field. Can establish work priorities and guidelines. Deliberations are often necessarily time-consuming. 2-12 HRS Global
  • 20. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 7. PLANNING AND ORGANIZING This factor measures the degree of forward thinking required for performing functions of varying scope in the presence or absence of procedural control and guidance. It also refers to the need to co-ordinate people, materials, information or other resources in order to organize and complete current activities or tasks. This also includes the responsibility for gaining agreement from others to allocate their time and skills to the completion of projects. Degree Points Description Day to day planning and organising required for performing a single function. Normal co-ordination is Basic 15 required to perform the duties of the job. Planning and organizing required for performing multiple similar/ related functions, ensuring plans are Intermediate 30 carried out. Planning and organizing required for performing multiple similar/ related functions; including preparation of tactical plans to achieve short-term objectives. Co-ordination of activities, information, material or other Advanced 45 resources to complete a group of varied tasks, ongoing processes or larger projects. Priorities occasionally require modification to meet objectives. Planning and organizing required for performing multiple diversified functions; including strategic plans to achieve medium to long-term objectives. Requires continual co-ordination of activities, materials, Critical 60 resources, client needs, personnel, information and/or staff to complete multifaceted projects or processes. Co-ordination is typically time-critical. Priorities require ongoing modification to meet objectives. 2-13 HRS Global
  • 21. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 8. COMMUNICATION This factor refers to the communication skills required to exchange information, opinions, advice and ideas with others and to influence, persuade and reach agreement with others. It includes public presentations and appearances (e.g. appearances at events, dealing with regulatory agencies, etc.). It also covers the skills required to handle contacts tactfully and sensitively and at an appropriate level of information and concepts. Both internal and external contacts are to be considered while routine communication with the job’s supervisor is to be excluded. Description Degree Points Obtain/provide factual or straightforward information. Ask/answer questions with courtesy. 1 10 Explain factual information and obtain/provide clarification. May need to rephrase questions/information to be suitable 2 20 for the audience. Obtain / provide information requiring clarification and description at a level that is appropriate for the audience. 3 30 Involves tactful questioning/imparting of information. Obtain / provide sensitive, difficult or controversial information requiring precise language to avoid misunderstanding. 4 40 May involve skilled questioning and sensitivity in organizing and imparting information, make formal public presentations or conduct formal training sessions on straightforward topics with which the audience is familiar. Communication skills required to consider others’ points of view, and influence and/or persuade them to gain 5 50 understanding and co-operation, make formal public presentations or conduct formal training sessions on complex topics with which the audience is typically not familiar. Advanced communication skills required for negotiating (i.e. with authority to reach a compromise solution). 6 65 2-14 HRS Global
  • 22. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 9. RESPONSIBILITY FOR OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND PROCEDURES Responsibility for Objectives, Policies and Procedures measures the degree of influence of the position on the formulation of objectives, policies and procedures on the one hand, and whether the objectives/ policies impinge on a single department or multiple departments or the entire organisation/ SCOPE OF FUNCTION Single 10 For a single function within area of control in own department. For multiple functions within own and other sections/divisions within the department. E.g. Multiple (within own dept) 20 Supply chain management includes Procurement, Warehousing, Logistics, etc For multiple related functions within own and other related departments. E.g. Marketing and Multiple (with other dept) 30 Sales Diversified 50 For multiple diversified functions within own and other related/ unrelated departments. DEGREE OF INFLUENCE Negligible 10 Has little participation in giving inputs for the formulation of objectives, polices & procedures. Limited 20 Participates in giving some inputs for formulation of objectives, policies & procedures. Actively participates in giving a fair degree of inputs for formulation of objectives, policies & Moderate 30 procedures. Considerable 50 Initiates and contributes significant inputs for formulation of objectives, policies & procedures. 2-15 HRS Global
  • 23. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 10. RESPONSIBILITY FOR ACCURACY OF RECORDS AND REPORTS AND PROBABLE RESULT OF ERRORS Responsibility for Accuracy of Records, and Reports measures the extent of control a particular job has over the maintenance, preparation or checking of records and reports and the probable result of errors which the job-holder is responsible for preventing (owing to the importance of these records and reports to Descon Chemicals Business). Degree Points Definition Prepares, checks, or maintains very few records or reports; result of errors is of little significance to the Descon 1 15 Chemicals Business. Prepares, checks, or maintains simple records or reports; errors are readily detected or corrected; may affect work of 2 35 others, requiring expenditure of nominal time to trace and correct. Prepares, checks, or maintains records or reports requiring a certain degree of accuracy; errors would result in some 3 55 confusion, delay, or monetary loss. Errors are usually detected before major losses result or before extensive operational delays occur. Prepares, checks, or maintains records or reports requiring a high degree of accuracy; errors are not easily detected and would result in disruption of operations, embarrassment to Descon Chemicals Business, or significant monetary 4 75 loss / loss of goodwill / loss of market reputation. E.g. errors made in the preparation and presentation of data for use by top management / Board of Directors. 2-16 HRS Global
  • 24. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 11. RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION Responsibility for Confidential Information appraises the nature and frequency of exposure of an employee to confidential information, records, or reports such as payroll, personnel folders, and company’s strategies, and the allied responsibility for caution or discretion in safeguarding confidential data. Degree Points Definition 1 5 Employee has little or no access or chance to prepare confidential records or reports. Employee prepares, maintains, or has access to confidential information with proper authorization. Incumbent does 2 15 not possess full facts/implications of the situation. Employee prepares, maintains, or has access to confidential information normally available only to high-ranking 3 25 officials of Descon Chemicals Business. Disclosure of such information could prove seriously detrimental to Descon Chemicals Business’s interests. 2-17 HRS Global
  • 25. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 12. RESPONSIBILITY FOR DECISION AND ACTION Responsibility for Decision and Action measures scope of decision making vested in the job-holder and its consequence on the Descon Chemicals Business. I II Definition Made in Consultation Made Alone with Others Most decisions made are simple, routine, and consistent with detailed instructions, procedures or authoritative precedents. There is very little latitude for choice of timing, methods, or costs. 1/20 2/40 Delayed/poor decisions would involve only minor inconvenience or nominal financial loss to the company. Most decisions made require consideration of more than one variable. Errors in judgment would involve some financial loss, inconvenience or some disruption of harmonious 2/40 3/60 relationships with stakeholders and customers. Most decisions made require consideration of multiple variables and multidimensional situations. Errors in judgment would involve moderate financial loss, and much inconvenience 3/60 4/80 or major disruption of harmonious relationships with stakeholders and customers. Most decisions made are difficult and final. Errors in judgment would involve substantial financial loss, inconvenience, or serious disruption of harmonious relationships with 4/80 5/100 stakeholders and customers. 2-18 HRS Global
  • 26. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 13. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT This factor measures the responsibilities of the job for research and development (R & D) activities underpinned by appropriate methodology and documentation, including formal testing or evaluation of products. It takes into account the nature of the responsibility (initiation, implementation, oversight of research and development activities), whether it is an integral part of the work or research for personal development purposes; and the degree to which it is shared with others. Degree Points Definition 1 15 Undertakes surveys or audits, as necessary to own work; may occasionally participate in R & D. 2 30 Regularly undertakes R & D activity as a requirement of the job; regularly undertakes product adaptation. Carries out research or development work as part of one or more formal research programs or activities as a major 3 45 job requirement. 4 60 Responsible for coordinating and implementing R & D programs or activity as a requirement of the job. Responsible, as an integral part of the job, for initiating (which may involve securing funding) and developing R & D 5 75 programs or activities, which support the objectives of the broader organisation. 2-19 HRS Global
  • 27. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 14. WORKING CONDITIONS This factor refers to the environment in which work is performed and the extent to which there are undesirable or disagreeable elements. It considers the type of environmental conditions that impact on the job and the typical frequency in which the work is performed under these conditions. MINOR MAJOR • Exposure to moderate levels of smell/fumes, dirt or noise • Exposure to extreme levels of smell/fumes, dirt or noise; • Moderate variations or levels if in heat, cold, noise, outside fumes, dirt or • Exposure to very high or low temperatures (e.g. freezer) other environmental factors; • Exposure to extreme weather conditions; • Difficult weather conditions • Handling hazardous substances • Dealing with impatient/rude people; • Dealing with abusive people who pose a threat a threat of physical harm; • Travel (excluding commuting to and from work) • Situations requiring formal precautions and procedures to manage the of • Other similar conditions determined by the job Evaluation Committee. safety of self and others; • Other similar conditions determined by the job Evaluation Committee. If more than two conditions are encountered from any category this is allowed for in the following table. Degree Exposure Condition No. of conditions Frequency Points 1 Normal None listed n/a n/a 10 Minor 1 or 2 Occ/Monthly Minor >2 Occasionally Major 1 or 2 Occasionally 2 Limited Minor 1 or 2 Weekly 20 Minor >2 Monthly Minor 1 or 2 Monthly Major >2 Occasionally 2-20 HRS Global
  • 28. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Degree Exposure Condition No. of conditions Frequency Points 3 Moderate Minor 1 or 2 Daily 35 Minor >2 Weekly Major 1 or 2 Weekly Major .2 Monthly 4 Considerable Minor >2 Daily 55 Major 1 or 2 Daily Major >2 Weekly 5 Extensive Major >2 Daily 75 2-21 HRS Global
  • 29. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 15. TRAVEL REQUIREMENTS (DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL) Degree Points Definition 1 - Rare / No Visits 5 Required to undertake rare or no visits to outstation cities and / or foreign countries. Required to undertake at least bi-monthly / quarterly visits to outstation cities and / or foreign 2 - Occasional Visits 10 countries. 3 - Regular Visits 15 Required to undertake at least monthly visits to outstation cities and / or foreign countries. 4 - Frequent Visits 20 Required to undertake at least fortnightly visits to outstation cities and / or foreign countries. 2-22 HRS Global
  • 30. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Chapter Three Job Evaluation Process – step by step • Job Analysis Questionnaire This Chapter presents the step by step guide for properly carrying out the job JOB ANALYSIS • Observation evaluation of benchmark positions. It is organized into two broad sections – • Interviews the first section describes the key elements required for the JE process and • Job description and person specifications the second section presents the step by step approach for carrying out Job Evaluation. JOB RATING • Job Factors AND CLASSIFICATION • Rating, Ranking & Classification • Review & Approval Joint participation via Job Evaluation Committee Job evaluation is most effective as a participative exercise and this in itself can improve employment relations and communications. It is therefore recommended that job evaluation is introduced or revised jointly by allowing representatives from various departments on a Job Evaluation Committee. This is because: a. a joint approach is more likely to commit relevant stakeholders to the outcome of the exercise with jointly recommended proposals more likely to be accepted; b. a joint forum will generate more ideas and recommendations; c. a jointly agreed job evaluation scheme can remove emotion from grading queries by allowing reasoning, rather than confrontation, to prevail, and d. in the event of an equal value claim, a jointly agreed analytical scheme is more likely to be regarded as fair by all stakeholders The composition of the joint job evaluation committee should take full account of the interests of all departments / groups of employees. It would be impractical to have every functional /occupational interest directly represented but it is important that members of the job evaluation committee possess as much knowledge as possible of the range of jobs involved. It is, however, counter-productive if the job evaluation committee is so large as to be unwieldy. It is important to bear in mind that the job evaluation committee is a problem solving team. The optimum number on the committee is normally six to eight people plus the chairperson. The recommended JE committee composition for the four entities in the Descon Chemicals Business area is as follows: 3-1 HRS Global
  • 31. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Description Descon Chemicals Descon Trading Nimir Resins Descon Oxychemicals Chairperson HR Consultant / Head of HR HR Consultant / Head of HR HR Consultant / Head of HR HR Consultant / Head of HR Members Head Marketing Trading Manager Head Supply chain Head QHSE Works Manager Plant Manager Head Supply chain Head Finance Head Marketing Plant Manager Chief Information Officer Head Finance Head Marketing Head Supply Chain Head Finance & Co. Secretary A separate JE committee shall be formed for evaluating the own positions of the members of the aforesaid JE committees. The membership of this (separate) JE committee shall include the following: a. Head, Chemicals Business Area b. Chief Executive of concerned entity / company c. HR Consultant Terms of Reference of the Job Evaluation Committee 1. Maintain a comprehensive knowledge of the job evaluation process. 2. Review and evaluate new or revised position descriptions in preparation for the evaluation process. 3. Maintain the confidentiality of information received by the Committee. Documentation A record should be kept of the decisions of the job evaluation committee and any other appropriate information. 3-2 HRS Global
  • 32. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Job Description – Primary document for evaluating Jobs Jobs are evaluated based on information that is gathered and documented in job descriptions. The job descriptions contain the information used to rate a job and to compare and assess changes in a job so that it can be assigned to the proper level in the salary structure. Job descriptions must provide complete details about the job so that it can be evaluated and assigned a fair and equitable salary given its skill, effort, and responsibility and working conditions. It is important that job descriptions: • are written in a standard format to enable valid comparisons to be made • are complete and take account of all major tasks and/or responsibilities • are suitable in style and content for use in more than one section or department • cover the range of factors chosen for a job, and • are checked and agreed by the job holder and the job holder’s manager / supervisor. Management and Human Resources department are jointly responsible for ensuring that job descriptions are accurate and up-to-date. This will ensure that jobs are appropriately evaluated and appropriately paid. Time and resources needed Job evaluation requires commitment in time and effort. The length of time from introduction to operation will vary depending on number of benchmark positions to be evaluated. It is best to undertake the job evaluation exercise within an agreed time-scale so that: a. wherever practicable, it does not interfere with the planned salary revisions; b. there is sufficient time to deal with request for reconsideration; and c. any additional finance, to remedy anomalies in a grading structure, can be budgeted for. In the pages to follows, we have detailed the step by step process for carrying out the job evaluation of positions. 3-3 HRS Global
  • 33. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Assign a Preliminary Evaluation to the Job The Job Evaluation Committee will evaluate or rate the job by applying the approved Job Evaluation scheme to the job based on the information contained in the job description. Each factor in the Job Evaluation scheme is assessed and a preliminary evaluation of the job is established to determine the salary grade / level. At this stage, the Job Evaluation committee may refer to other job related documents such as Job Analysis Questionnaire (a sample is presented in Appendix A) or documentation relating to job analysis interview to ensure consistency in the application of the job evaluation plan. The Job Evaluation committee will complete the Job Evaluation Form (Appendix B) and inform the HR Department, who submitted the job for evaluation, of the results of the evaluation, i.e. the salary grade / level to be applied to the job. Once all jobs have been evaluated and put in rank order, the Job evaluation committee should then agree the rank order of jobs from which a grading structure can be prepared, and recommend it to the appropriate approving authority. Evaluating Changes in an Existing Job Changes in job content can affect the skill, effort, responsibility and/or working conditions of a job, and thus its value and the level at which it is paid. Changes to job content can occur as a result of departmental restructuring, introduction of a new products / services, etc. Managers and Supervisors, who have jobs reporting to them that have changed, must initiate the process for reviewing the job to ensure that it is paid fairly. This is done by having the incumbent complete a Request to Evaluate Changes in a Job form (attached as Appendix C) and a Job Analysis Questionnaire. Changes in jobs must be reported as soon as possible to avoid creating and perpetuating pay inequities. The process for evaluating a job that has changed is as follows: 1. Document the Changes in the Job The incumbent(s) or Manager/Supervisor can initiate a review of the position. The incumbent(s) complete(s): • a Request to Evaluate Changes in an Existing Job Form outlining what has changed in the job and what factors should be reviewed; and • those portions of the Job Analysis Questionnaire that address the changes in the job’s skill, effort, responsibilities and working conditions. 3-4 HRS Global
  • 34. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual 2. Submit Job Information to Human Resources Department The incumbent submits a completed Request to Evaluate Changes in an existing Job, a completed Job Analysis Questionnaire and a revised job description. It is important to submit a revised job description so that it is accurate and up-to-date. The Supervisor or Manager submits the forms to the Head of department for approval / sign off. Signing the Request to Evaluate Changes in an Existing Job and the Job Analysis Questionnaire indicates full agreement with the information contained in these documents. Once these documents have been signed off, the Head of department submits them to the Human Resources department which would refer the documents to the Job Evaluation committee. 3. Assign an Evaluation to the Job The Job Evaluation committee shall review the Request to Evaluate Changes in an Existing Job Form, job description, Job Analysis Questionnaire and other job documents provided. Using those documents, the Job Evaluation committee conducts an assessment of the changes in the job and the impact those changes have on the evaluation and classification of the job. The Job Evaluation Committee may also request interviews with incumbents, Supervisors or Managers. At this stage, the Job Evaluation Committee may request that job documents such as Job Analysis Questionnaire or job descriptions be completed for other related positions in the work unit or elsewhere in the organization to ensure consistency in the application of the job evaluation scheme. The Job Evaluation Committee will inform the human resources department, in writing, of the results of the evaluation, i.e. the salary level to be applied to the job. The human resources department will communicate the rating information to the head of concerned department, the incumbent(s) of the job and the immediate Supervisor. The evaluation of the job is subject to the reconsideration process provided for in these procedures. If no request is made for reconsideration within thirty (30) days, the evaluation of the job becomes final and binding. Requesting Reconsideration The rating of a job is subject to review or reconsideration by the Job Evaluation Committee. The procedure for reconsideration is as follows. 3-5 HRS Global
  • 35. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual The incumbent(s) or Managers/Supervisors, who disagrees with the rating for the job, can request a meeting between the incumbent(s), the Managers/Supervisors and the Job Evaluation committee to ensure that all relevant factors have been addressed. The Request for Reconsideration will be reviewed and signed off by the immediate supervisor and the concerned head of department indicating full agreement with the contents of the documentation. The Job evaluation committee will meet to review and consider the Request for Reconsideration. The Committee may ask the incumbent, the incumbent(s)' Manager(s)/Supervisor(s) to attend at the meeting to provide further information. The Job Evaluation committee will inform the Human resource department regarding the outcome of the review process and change in the rating of the position, if any. The Human resources department will subsequently inform the concerned incumbent, immediate supervisor and the head of department. Reconsidered decisions of the Job Evaluation committee shall be final and binding. Implementation If the job evaluation exercise has been carried out carefully and in a participative way, it is more likely that its outcome will be accepted. The next stage is for the organisation to decide how to implement the conclusions, prepare a grading structure, communicate this to employees and deal with any reconsideration cases. The grading structure should be agreed by negotiation and should establish the number of grades, the span of points for each grade and the related pay ranges. Evaluation Resulting in a Lower Level When a job being evaluated results in a lower level, the incumbent will remain at their substantive designation and salary level. When the incumbent moves on for whatever reason, recruitment will be to the new level in accordance with normal selection procedures. Evaluation Resulting in a Higher Level When a job being evaluated results in a higher level, the incumbent will remain at their substantive designation. Any recruitment action to the job at the new level will be in accordance with normal selection procedures. If the incumbent (being an internal candidate) is not successful, he/she will continue to be employed at his/her substantive level and may be transferred to another job at level. Given that the person has been doing the job for some time, he/she may expect to have a better chance of being selected for promotion to the new level. However, there may be a better candidate, and the principle of merit is about finding the best person to perform at the new level of the job. 3-6 HRS Global
  • 36. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual It is important to bear in mind that Employees do not ‘own’ jobs. Employment is at a classification level that reflects a standard or range of work that the individual is expected to perform. Communications Job evaluation will involve change, even though the change may only affect some jobs. Commitment to change will be essential, with all stakeholders agreeing from the outset that they will act upon the results. Before starting a job evaluation exercise, there needs to be agreement on the best means of communicating and sharing the outcome of the process. All employees affected by the proposed evaluation should be kept informed of what is happening. Middle management and supervisors should not be by-passed. They have a role to play in contributing to the exercise and must be able to answer appropriate questions from employees. 3-7 HRS Global
  • 37. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Chapter Four Guidelines for Raters (Job Evaluation Committee Members) A critical requirement for proper use of Job Evaluation scheme is to ensure Context and Job understanding are necessary pre-requisites for proper job evaluation that all members of the Job Evaluation committee interpret the Job Evaluation factors in a consistent and coherent manner. Divergent opinions Context of Job Evaluation committee members could create a stalemate in the finalization of Job evaluation scores of benchmark positions with resultant consequences. This chapter presents certain guidelines for the key Job constituent factors of the Descon Chemicals’ Job Evaluation scheme as presented in Chapter Two. These guidelines are intended to facilitate the Job Evaluation committee members in assessing the requirements of each position and assigning the most appropriate score to it. Company Purpose Job Purpose & Organization structure Accountabilities Legal status Dimensions Prior to using the Job Evaluation scheme, the Committee members also Nature of operations Skills, Knowledge, need to have a comprehensive understanding of the context of the job as Financial health / scale of Experience operations. Main Challenges illustrated on this page. ‘Context’ of the job refers to factors such as Position in Org. Structure company’s operations, organization structure, scale of business, products and services, etc. Job Description In the following pages, guidelines have been presented which should be referred to while considered various Job Evaluation factors. 4-1 HRS Global
  • 38. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Technical know-how 1. Select the education level that most appropriately meets the job requirements. 2. The most common source of education is through formal education, such as secondary school, vocational centers, colleges, universities, etc. 3. Rate the Education sub factor before rating the Management know-how sub factor. 4. Apprenticeships consist of a formal education component, which should be rated under this sub factor, and a job experience component, which should be rated under the Management know-how sub factor. Management know-how 1. Establish the degree of “Technical know-how” required before rating this factor. 2. Field time required for membership in a professional organization, designation, etc. requirements for a license should be considered under sub factor. 3. The experience sub factor measures only specific experience necessary to begin performing the job; it does not measure the actual experience of the incumbents(s). HR Know-how 1. It is important to analyze the purpose of the contact in conjunction with the nature of the contact. The level of the person contacted is relevant to the extent that is serves as a check on the nature and purpose of the contact. (i.e. An Officer might very well provide information to a department head but it is extremely unlikely that he/she would be required to explain or follow – up on matters calling for influencing or persuasiveness) 2. Working relationships mean contact with other staff regarding a work activity. 3. Contacts of a difficult or specialized nature are those dealing with a subject area that is complex and typically requires specialized formal training or extensive experience to enable the participants to communicate in meaningful fashion. 4-2 HRS Global
  • 39. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Complexity of work / Degree of Influence 1. Complexity and magnitude of problems must be considered in term of judgment, analytical ability, and initiative required in deciding upon the appropriate choices of action. 2. Freedom to implement solutions must be considered in terms of the existence of instruction, procedures, policies, precedents and the nature of supervision received. 3. It is important to evaluate the decision making that is permitted within the parameters and constraints of the position and not the capability of the incumbent. Initiative is the mandated authority to carry out assignments. 4. Decision-making permitted while temporarily covering off for another position is not rated. Span of control / reporting relationships 1. This factor is applicable for those positions which are administratively responsible for the formal supervision of other employees. This means the job requires a portion of each of the following supervisory duties on an on–going basis: Scheduling and assigning work Providing advice and direction Establishing work standards Appraising the work of others Monitoring work quality and quality standards 2. Formal supervision is a definitely established part of the job requirement and is regular and on going. 4-3 HRS Global
  • 40. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Responsibility for Decision & Action 1. Consider the nature of the more serious probable adverse outcome (of decisions) that might reasonably occur within the job regardless of the type or cause. Consider at what stage errors would be detected and their effect. 2. Do not rate extreme circumstances where risk of a specific situation occurring is unlikely. 3. Consider consequence of decisions in term such as: Handling money. Damage or loss involving equipment, supplies or property Disruption or delay of service Loss of time in detecting and correcting an error Inaccuracy of reports or records The seriousness of an error Embarrassment to the organization/department The length of time an error will have an impact Loss of goodwill and market reputation Working conditions 1. Rate only those disagreeable working conditions that cannot be changed. 2. Raters should consider the many and varied conditions that prevail in the workplace. 4-4 HRS Global
  • 41. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Chapter Five Quality Assurance Process The Job Evaluation score of a benchmark position determines its job grade which in turn is linked with the compensation package which could be offered [to the position]. Compensation package is a key element of job satisfaction. Hence, quality assurance of the entire job evaluation process and results, in ensuring achievement of benefits / objectives for which the job evaluation process is initiated, is critical. There are three quality assurance elements that are built into the job evaluation process. a. Job Evaluation Committee b. Profile validation c. Sore thumbing Chapter Three presents in detail the purpose of Job Evaluation committee, its Terms of Reference, composition, etc. This chapter explains the other two elements. Profile Validation Job Profiles describe the relationship between Know–how, Problem Solving and Accountability. The job’s size and profile serve as starting points for many job evaluation applications. Job size is determined by the total of the factor point values for Know-how, Problem Solving and Accountability, and reflects the job’s relative value to the organization. The Accountability that makes up the job determines its profile. The job profile concept provides a better understanding of how jobs fit into organizations. 5-1 HRS Global
  • 42. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual The balance between Accountability and Problem Solving reflects the extent to which the job is primarily concerned with achieving results or is focused on research and analysis. The balance among Accountability, Know–how, and Problem Solving reflects the level and type of work in an organization. For example, entry-level positions typically focus on Know–how. Accountability focus grows through career development into jobs that impact the organization more broadly through application of acquired experience and problem-solving capability. In entry-level jobs, Know–how may account for 70% of job content, while at the head of department level, Know–how may only be 30% of job content (even though, it is significantly more important than Know–how for an entry-level position). Short Profiles There are “Short Profiles” that describe the relationship of the point factor values for a single position or classification. In some positions, “Accountability” is higher than “Problem Solving”. These positions have an “Up” profile. This means that deadlines and end results are more important to successful job performance than analysis and research. As the gap between “Problem Solving” and “Accountability” increase (greater “Accountability”), deadlines and end results take on greater significance. Usually, jobs of this nature are supervisors and managers. In some positions, “Problem Solving” and “Accountability” are equal. In these positions, analysis and the search for answers to difficult work issues is as important as deadlines. Profiles include positions such as Application Chemist, Auditor, etc. In some positions, “Problem Solving” is greater than Accountability. In these positions, analysis and the search for answers is greater than deadlines and end results. Such profiles are often found among positions responsible for research. Long Profiles The Long Profile describes the relationship of the three Job Evaluation factors for a single position as well as the vertical relationship of positions within an organization. Long Profiles break down the three factors into percentages. Long Profiles can be determined from the Job Evaluation scheme. The Long from profile of 55-24-21 means that 55% of this position is Know–how, 24% of this position is Problem Solving and 21% of this position is Accountability. When 5-2 HRS Global
  • 43. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual analyzing the vertical relationships of positions within an organization, positions at higher levels have greater Accountability. This permits Job Evaluation committee members to use the “Long Profile” to determine a rating’s accuracy. For example, a managerial position with the above profile supervising employees with a profile of (55-21-24 with 24% of the subordinates’ positions Accountability) is probably incorrect. Sore-Thumbing Sore-Thumbing is primarily used for review, after positions have been evaluated and before the ratings are finalized. In this process, the job evaluation scores are put in order from high to low and reviewed in relation to each other. This process is called “sore thumbing” because the job evaluation committee members check the ratings to see if any aspects of the ratings “stick out like a sore thumb”. If irregularities or discrepancies are discovered during this process, the job evaluation committee members discuss the rating(s) in question and decide whether any changes are needed before the ratings are considered final. 5-3 HRS Global
  • 44. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual Chapter Six Maintaining the Job Evaluation Program The full utility of the Job Evaluation initiative / scheme plan is attained by Descon Chemicals Business if it is maintained effectively. Guidelines for maintaining of the program and some related principles are: i. All positions presently existing in the business entities and any position created in the future must have a proper Job Description. ii. Job Description should ideally be either written by the concerned supervisor or he/she be made responsible for writing of Job Descriptions for positions directly reporting to him. The activity may be coordinated by a designated representative of Human Resource Department, who will also provide assistance to the supervisors, as and when necessary. iii. Copies of all approved Job Descriptions should be available in Human Resource Department. iv. The Human Resource Representative must ensure that no changes in the classification of jobs are approved until proper Job Descriptions/ Person Specifications are prepared, approved and evaluated. v. Human Resource Representative should conduct a review of all Job Descriptions at least once in two years by issuing copies to all incumbents of existing Job Descriptions for which they are responsible in their supervisory capacity, and request revision comments, e.g.: Job Description is up-to-date; no revision required. Job Description is not up-to-date; to be revised on ---------(date). Obsolete; remove from records----reasons. vi. The Job Evaluation Committee should meet on regularly scheduled intervals, as called by Human Resource Representative to review changed situations and to keep changes up-to-date. Official minutes must be kept of such meetings and resultant ratings recorded in relevant records. vii. The rating of new or changed positions should never be done singly. It should incorporate a reference to already established ratings of other positions. viii. Guidance and assistance in writing new / revised Job Descriptions will be given by a member of the Job Evaluation unit within Human Resource Department. 6-1 HRS Global
  • 45. Descon Chemicals Business Job Evaluation Manual ix. Jobs which have not previously existed in the organization structure or jobs whose contents have significantly changed (as a result of change in degree of one or more factors) would require evaluation and re-evaluation respectively. In time, the internal equity amongst jobs will have to be reinforced further and made more meaningful by creating linkages between the compensation package in the concerned organizations and the relative points assigned to the positions. The job evaluation must not be seen as a once-for-all exercise. The top management must also realise that when radically new conditions arise, it may well be necessary to rethink the original basis of the scheme. Where the skill-mix of concerned organizations is affected for any reason and there are indications that the scheme is no longer meeting its original objectives, then revision of the scheme may be necessary. There are likely to be situations where in addition to technological changes requiring higher or different skills, certain job characteristics may change in relative value over a certain period i.e. work complexity and decision making (owning to decentralisation or other policy change) etc. This then would also highlight the need for a review. 6-2 HRS Global
  • 46. JOB ANALYSIS QUESTIONNAIRE (Management Positions) NAME: POSITION: DEPARTMENT: SECTION: I. STATEMENT OF DUTIES: List in the order of importance. Describe duties as simply and Hrs./day or clearly as possible. Attach additional sheets if necessary. % Total EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS: State the minimum level of formal schooling or equivalent training necessary to satisfactorily perform this job. □ Elementary Graduate or less □ High School Graduate □ Master's Degree □ Two years College and/or vocational Course □ Graduate □ M.Phil 1/2
  • 47. JOB ANALYSIS QUESTIONNAIRE (Managerial Positions) III. EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS: Indicate length of on-the-job training and previous experience necessary to meet the minimum requirements of the job. □ 6 months to 2 years □ 2 to 4 years □ 4 to 6 years □ 6 to 10 years □ 10 to 14 years □ over 14 years SUPERVISION GIVEN: Indicate the positions of persons you supervise. Job title of persons supervised Instruction Work Review General Detailed General Detailed PLANNING AND ORGANIZING: Indicate the degree of planning and organizing exercised. Check appropriate box. Planning and organizing involving a single organization unit. Planning and organizing involving several organization units consisting of two organizational hierarchies. Planning and organizing involving several organization units consisting of more than two organizational hierarchies. ANALYSIS AND PROBLEM SOLVING: Identify the type of recurring problems that your position is generally confronted with. Check appropriate boxes. Type of Problem Solving Situation Nature of Required Response Specialized Field Diversified Broadly defined Constructive Knowledge of Imaginative Procedures Policies Thinking Basic Ideas Approach REPORTS RECEIVED: Frequency Purpose REPORTS PREPARED: Frequency Purpose DIRECT ACCOUNTABILITY FOR NEGLIGENCE, LOSS OR DAMAGE: Asset class Description Value (in Mn) Confidential records Property Equipment Cash CONTACTS WITH PERSONS/AGENCIES OUTSIDE OWN DEPARTMENT/ORGANIZATION: Person/Agency Purpose Prepared By: Date: Approved By: Date: 2/2