Dr Calzada opened the Summer School 'Identity of (European) Cities' on 11st July 2016 in St Sebastian (Basque Country - Spain) organised by Bilbao Metropoli 30 and St. Sebastian Strategic Plan Office.

1. Iden%dad de Ciudad:
¿Está Cambiando la Iden%dad de las Ciudades?
Dr Igor Calzada, MBA
Senior Research Fellow & Lecturer, Future of Ci%es & Urban Transforma%ons, University of Oxford
Lecturer, Ins%tute for Future Ci%es, University of Strathclyde
Research Fellow, Brussels Centre for Urban Studies, Vrije Universiteit
@icalzada
www.igorcalzada.com/about
igor.calzada@compas.ox.ac.uk
EHUko Udako Ikastaroak <> Cursos de Verano UPV
‘Europar Hirien Nortasuna <> La IdenAdad de las Ciudades Europeas’
DonosAa-San SebasAán
2016ko Uztailaren 11ean <> 11 Julio 2016.

2. Key reading list:
• Brenner, N. & Keil, R. (2006) The Global Cities Reader, Routledge.
• Brenner, N.(2014) Implossions / Explosions: Toward a Study of Planetary Urbaniza=on, jovis Verlag GmbH: Berlin.
• Lee, T. (2015) Global cities and climate change: the translocal relations of environmental governance:
New York: Routledge.
• Acuto, M. (2013) Global cities, governance and diplomacy: the urban link. Abingdon. Oxon; New York,
NY: Routledge.
• Bouteligier, S. (2013) Cities, networks, and global environmental governance: spaces of innovation,
places of leadership. New York: Routledge.
IdenAty
CiAes
Changing

4. 'There are no dangerous thoughts,
thinking itself is dangerous' (H. Arendt)

8. IDENTIDAD
By
@icalzada

14. 11/07/16
Page 14
This is a story about us being persuaded to spend money we don’t have, on things we
don’t need, to create impressions that won’t last, on people we don’t care about.
(T. Jackson 2010)

16. Source: @oxmartinschool

18. Source: @UNHABITAT

19. 1960
Source: @UN

20. 2025
Source: @UN

21. Source: http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/workspace/Sect007/s7g4/findings.htm

22. h`p://www.globalchange.umich.edu/
globalchange2/current/workspace/Sect007/
s7g4/findings.htm
Source:
http://www.ucar.edu/communications/quarterly/summer07/president.jsp

25. Source: h`p://www.atkearney.com/research-studies/global-ciAes-index/full-report

29. Liquid Identity

30. Networked Identity

31. (Un)Plugging Identity

38. Refugees and newcomers crisis

45. Crisis de Migración/
Refugiados/
Re-establecimiento de fronteras
Cambio climáAco
PolíAcas de Austeridad
Conectando Talento
Planificación energéAca/
Escasez de recursos
Virtualización
ContestaAon/Indignación
Hyperconnected socie=es/
Informa=onal city
Re-configuración
de los Estados-nación/
Nuevos centros-periferias
CompeAAvidad/
Economías emergentes/
BRICS DRIVERS
of
CITY IDENTITY
CoAdianeidad rupturista:
Género/Precarización/LGBT/Millenials
Deslocalización/Precarización
laboral
Deterioro de
estado social/bienester

46. City/Place Branding
Awards/Compe==ons
Resources/Devolu=on
Smart City/Region
RIS3/
Smart SpecialisaAon Strategies
Paradiploma=c
Mayors
BREXIT
TRENDS
of
CITY IDENTITY
Social progressism
&
deliberaAve democracy

47. By @EU_H2020
To get out from the
‘smart city-in-the-box’
approach

48. The contemporary city cannot be JUST reduced…

49. Beyond Hyper Connected Socie%es >
Need to Deconstruct the Smart City

51. @perjovschi
Unplugging Smart Ci%es

52. 1685 views
7th
Most
Read ArAcle

53. Source: De Jong, M., et al., (2015) Sustainable-smart-resilient-low carbon-eco-knowledge ci=es; making sense of a
mul=tude of concepts promo=ng sustainable urbaniza=on, Journal of Cleaner ProducAon (2015), h`p://
dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.004

56. Smart City =
ecosystem of ciAzens > system of systems
Above all we need smart mayors and smart
ciAzens, not #smartci%es. (B. Barber)

57. EU Projects:
Smart City-Regional ComparaAve InternaAonal Research
EU Project
Cities involved
Timeframe & Title
Funding Institution
EU-H2020-SCC-
1st
Lighthouse:
REPLICATE
• Bristol (UK)
• St Sebastian (ES)
• Florence (IT)
• Laussane (CH)
• Essen (DE)
• Nilüfer (TR)
• Bogotá (CO)
• Guangzhou (CN)
< 2016-2021 >
REinassance of PLaces with Innovative
Citizenship And TEchnology
EU-H2020-SCC-Lighthouse
www.replicate-project.eu
EU-Marie Curie Actions-
Cofund-Regional
Programmes:
SMART CITY-REGIONS
• Bristol (UK)
• Glasgow (UK)
• Bilbao (ES)
• Barcelona (ES)
< 2015-2016 >
Comparing Smart City-Regional
Governance Strategies:
Bilbao, Barcelona, Bristol & Glasgow
EU-FP7
Marie Curie Actions- Cofund
BilbaoMetropoli-30/Bizkaia
Province Council
www.smartcityregions.org
EU-FP7-314679
STEP UP
Smart City Plan
• Glasgow (UK)
• Riga (LT)
• Gothenburg (SE)
• Ghent (BE)
< 2014-2015 >
Energy Planning for Cities
*MSc Master in Global Sustainable Cities
EU-FP7
www.stepupsmartcities.eu
EU-FP7-314277-
STEEP
Smart City Plan
• Bristol (UK)
• St Sebastian (ES)
• Florence (IT)
< 2014-2015 >
Systems Thinking for comprehensive city
Efficient Energy Planning
EU-FP7
http://www.smartsteep.eu/

58. STEEP EU-FP7-314277
Systems Thinking for comprehensive city Efficient Energy Planning
Smart City Master Plan for three EU Ci%es:
St Sebas%an (Spain)
Bristol (UK)
Florence (Italy)

59. STEP UP
EU-FP7-314679
Energy Planning for Ci:es
Smart City Master Plan for four EU Ci%es:
Glasgow (UK)
Riga (Latvia)
Gothenburg (Sweden)
Ghent (Belgium)
MSc Global Sustainable CiAes Master Lecturer
h`p://www.stepupsmartciAes.eu/
h`p://ifutureciAes.com/

60. By @icalzada

61. By @icalzada
SmartCityRegion?

62. Bristol & Glasgow
Barcelona & Bilbao
Smart City-Regional Bilbao Barcelona Bristol Glasgow
Municipalities 35 31 4 5
Surface (km2) 500 636 139 368
Density (Inhabit/km2) 1,820 5,060 3,942 3,171
Population (Inhabit) 910,480 3,218,223 547,993 1,166,928
GDP per capita ($) 38,708 36,157 42,326 37,753
City-region Basque Catalonia Bristol Scotland
City-constelations Bilbao, San Sebastian,
Vitoria, Pamplona & BAB*
Barcelona, Tarragona, Lleida
& Girona
Bristol, Bath &
NESomerset, SGloucester
& NSomerset
Glasgow, Aberdeen, Dundee,
Edinburgh, Inverness, Perth &
Stirling
Nation-states ES UK
Devolution Fiscal autonomy Trade autonomy LEP Devo-max/Smith
Taxonomy Small nation
with tax autonomy
Small nation
without tax autonomy
City-regional
sattelite hub
Tax devolutionist
small-nation
Smart
City-Regional
Governance
Fragmented but very
active institutional
network
On-going
transition
Open
Innovation
Urban
Governance
Smart City Strategy Not a single one iBarcelona Bristol is Open Glasgow Future City
Urban solutions Energy ICT ICT/Energy ICT/Mobility
Key Stakeholders www.bm30.es
www.smartcities.es
www.bitbarcelonamodel.com
www.smartcity.bcn.cat
www.bristolisopen.com
www.connectingbristol.org
www.bristolenergynetwork.org
www.futurecity.glasglow.gov.uk
www.open.glasgow.gov.uk
www.scottishcities.org

63. By @bilbaometropoli
By @CitiesOxford
By @ifuturecities By @bristolisopen
//Bilbao//
CORPORATE
-in-transition
//Barcelona//
ANTI-
CORPORATE
-uncertain
By @SmartCityExpo
//Bristol//
OPEN
INNOVATION
-alternative
//Glasgow//
URBAN
GOVERNANCE
-transformative

64. H2020-SCC-EU-Lighthouse
REPLICATE
www.replicate-project.eu

65. H2020-SCC-EU-1st Lighthouse
REPLICATE

66. City-to-City
Replicability
based on:
1> Adaptability
2> Scalability
&
3> Singularity
Lighthouse Ci%es Follower Ci%es
Observer Ci%es

67. GLOBAL CITIES:
Megaregions / Megalopolis / Global City-Regions

68. METROPOLITAN CITY-REGIONS:
Mid-Sized Cities/Second Tier Cities

69. Metropolitan City-Regions Global Cities

70. h`ps://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/jan/21/rise-megacity-live
Global CiAes
Metropolitan
City-Regions

71. New Publicly Sponsored Agencies
Detroit

72. Sense of belonging
‘Glasgwegian’
Glasgow

73. Oresund/Greater Copenhagen?
Malmö & Copenhagen
Transport Infrastructure
Urban mobility
Commuting
Borderless region
Coordinated tax-policy
Biking culture

74. Belfast
Social Inclusion & Enterprise

75. Metropolitan commitment
Bilbao

76. Dublin
District-driven urban renewal
Silicon docks
Dublin

77. Civic Leadership & Community Participation
Portland
Portland

78. h`ps://www.findingplaces.hamburg/
Hamburgo

80. Sao Paulo

81. Rio de Janeiro

82. Brasilia

83. Moscow

84. Shenzhen

85. Johannesbourg

86. Mumbai

87. Montevideo

88. Reykjavik

89. Budapest

90. Randstad

92. Download:
h`p://bit.ly/29CdNda

94. #COMPLEX
#DIVERSITY
Photos by @icalzada & @flickr

97. FINAL REMARKS:
IdenAdad y su adaptación/transformación (cambio) en las ciudades-regiones Europeas (e
internacionales) va a estar determinada por la manera en la que cada ciudad responda a
transformaciones urbanas que nos afectan ya de manera interdependiente, en forma de
arAculación en el corto y largo de estrategias y políAcas para:
A) Riesgos globales: Sostenibilidad, resiliencia, vulnerabilidad, impredecibilidad.
B) Avances tecnológicos: Smartness.
• Big data/open data: Smart CiAes como arAculación de propuestas
mulAstakeholder.
• Urban Living Labs como experimentación en la gobernanza urbana.
• Mezcla entre la migración, la innovación social, barrios-pueblos y parAcipación
local coordinada.
• Evolución económica de las ciudades.
C) Descentralización de los poderes insAtucionales y reformas políAcas: Devolu:on.

98. Dr Igor Calzada, MBA
Lecturer & Senior Research Fellow
Urban Transforma%ons & Future of Ci%es
University of Oxford
@icalzada
www.igorcalzada.com
igor.calzada@compas.ox.ac.uk
Skype: icalzada
(0) 1865 274687
Eskerrik asko
Gracias
Thank you