Germplasm assembly

1. Sept 2012
Germplasm Assembly
Germplasm assembled by
Introducing already collected
germplasm from various sources
™™ 293 organizations/donors from 75
countries have contributed 82,630
accessions
Exploration and collection in
priority areas
™™ ICRISAT with its partners launched
216 germplasm collecting missions
in 62 countries and collected 33,371
accessions
From center’s own research as
genetic stocks
™™ Twelve disciplines of ICRISAT have
contributed 4,005 accessions. Scientists of ICRISAT and NBPGR,
India, collecting chickpea germplasm.
Collecting a seed sample and related
information from a farmer’s store in Mali.
Collecting a sample from a local market
in Dhamar, Yemen.
In search of wild relatives in India.
Examining imported
groundnut germplasm.
Plant Quarantine
™™ Germplasm
from outside
India
should be
accompanied
by an Import
Permit
issued by
the Director,
NBPGR, New
Delhi, India and a Phytosanitory
Certificate issued by quarantine
authorities of country in which
germplasm was collected or
introduced from.
™™ NBPGR Regional Station at
Hyderabad, India, conducts seed
health tests and surveillance for new
pests and diseases, before releasing
healthy plant material to ICRISAT.
Regionwise germplasm assembled at
ICRISAT genebank.
Institute
Farmer’s field
Local markets
Farm stores
Threshing floors
Wild
Backyards
1%
Frequency of sample sources in germplasm
assembled at ICRISAT genebank
Biological status of entire germplasm
assembled at ICRISAT genebank
Biological status of mandate crops
germplasm assembled at ICRISAT
genebank.
Identification of gaps
in collections
™™ Identification of gaps is essential
to assess the completeness of
germplasm collections.
™™ Gaps in the collections can be
identified using GIS software like
FloraMap, Diva GIS and ArcGIS.
Geographical gaps identified (in color)
in pearl millet germplasm from (a) WCA
countries, (b) ESA countries
c d
Geographical gaps identified (in color) in
pearl millet germplasm from (c) India and
(d) Pakistan.
Future
™™ Introduction and collection of
germplasm to fill geographical and
ecological gaps in collections.
™™ Collecting germplasm of wild relatives
to fill taxonomic gaps.
™™ Collecting trait-specific germplasm.
Collecting a pearl millet sample in
farmer’s field in India.
Africa
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Unknown
2064 1726
286
Total accessions: 1,20,006
48,763 58,113
9054
2% 2%
2%
0.01%
65%
28%
a b
Collaboration for
germplasm assembly
™™ ICRISAT genebank collaborates
with national and international
institutes, NARS, universities and
NGOs in different countries.
™™ Collaboration with NBPGR, India,
is for germplasm collection,
evaluation, and strengthening
of plant quarantine facilities at
ICRISAT.
Mandate crops germplasm assembled at
ICRISAT genebank.
No.ofaccessions
(Values in parentheses are no. of countries)
40,000
Sorghum
37,949
(92)
22,211
(50) 20,267
(60)
13,771
(74)
15,446
(92)
10,362
(50)
Pearl millet Chickpea Pigeonpea Groundnut Small millets
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
Landraces Others Wild relativesBreeding
material
Improved
cultivars
95731
17935
1507 2026 2807
No.ofaccessions
90000
100000
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0