From Kenya to the US: How New Technologies are Changing the Coverage of Elections and Beyond
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Fragile States and the Media: A Research Dialogue Across Disciplines - Symposium Guy Collender, LIDC; Charlie Matthews, IDS & James Deane Stanmer House, Brighton, January 16 2009 Case Study: From Kenya to the US: How new technologies and changing media are affecting elections
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From Kenya to the US: How New Technologies are Changing the Coverage of Elections and Beyond
- 1. From Kenya to the US: How New Technologies are Changing the Coverage of Elections and Beyond Guy Collender, Communications Officer, London International Development Centre Charlie Matthews, Events Coordinator Institute of Development Studies Fragile States and the Media: A Research Dialogue Across Discipline Symposium Stanmer House, Brighton, January 16 2009
- 11. The end IMS Workshop in Kenya on Conflict Sensitive Journalism. Photo: Anne Poulsen/IMS
- 12. Contacts Guy Collender [email_address] 020 7958 8260 ; www.lidc.org.uk Charlie Matthews [email_address] 01273 915 640 ; www.ids.ac.uk
Notas del editor
- Charlie First, some background. The main focus on new media in Kenya was originally inspired by the innovative and diverse response of bloggers to the post-election violence in Kenya after the disputed elections of 2007. This led to the creation of a wiki to gather all these different perspectives from alternative sources, not the mass media or political parties. The wiki was discussed and added to at the OUR Media citizen journalism conference on Identity, Inclusion and Innovation in Accra in August last year.
- Ushahidi was listed as one of the top ten web startups to watch in 2008 by Technology Review.
- The Kenyan blogger ‘Ritch’ gave a powerful and evocative account of the impact of the unfolding violence. He wrote: “I am hurting inside. I am in mental and emotional pain. I have seen it: my dear Kenyan brothers, sisters, fathers, mothers and children cut down by the machete; shot to death and left to rot in the streets. And before I pen off, please don’t ask me my tribe; I am a Kenyan.” ‘ Africa Expat Wives Club’: Life of expat housewives continues largely as before. We are still able to shop, although the cost of food has gone up noticeably, buy a cappuccino, arrange children’s play dates and meet up for lunch.” Ghanaian blogger, paa.kwesi: 'The Kenya debacle is a prime example of what the lack of a continent-wide defence force leads to. Almost without exception there is no state with the 100% policing capability over its territory. If anything, it will take a few weeks of haggling to pull together an AU force that will inevitably be slow to deploy and command.’ Kenyans for Justice, UK-based group of Kenyans, encourages petitioning for international sanctions against the Kenyan government, sending a letter to your MP and encouraging the press to cover Kenya.
- Osborn’s study of the role of rumour in fanning the flames in Kibera also supports this analysis. She shows the power of the interaction between rumour, political purpose and modern communications which have given rumour its “particular potency in recent years.” Text messages were sent to circulate destabilizing rumours and hate messages. Bangre declares that because mobile phones were used in this way they were transformed from a communications tool into a “weapon of war”.
- Bloggers’ comments about the possibilities/drawbacks of new media: Charlie to read when discussing global reach: Fletcher Tembo, Research Fellow at ODI: ‘ The birth of blogs and other kinds of citizen journalism have played a big part in allowing people to express their views across national boundaries. Using today’s technology, almost anyone with basic computer knowledge can capture news and distribute it globally. But we cannot rely on more widespread use of ICTs alone, since many parts of the world still lack access to a computer, let alone the internet. We need to find other, more inclusive, ways to support people’s voices.’ Jan Abbink (2006), of the African Studies Centre, Leiden: ‘Not only in Ethiopia itself, but also in the Ethiopian diaspora communities, emotions ran high and fierce accusations were traded on a daily basis in numerous website discussions, which contributed to polarisation.’ Guy to read when discussing speed and anonymity: Anonymity is also a double-edged sword. Ethio-Zagol, an Ethiopian who began blogging after the disputed Ethiopian poll in 2005 to expose the government’s human rights violations, described how the nature of blogging lends itself to inflaming passion: ‘Anonymous blogging and comment give people the licence to be gratuitously offensive without being accountable. Hate speech and personal attacks abound. Scepticism, restraint and verification, all important values of proper deliberation, are sometimes in short supply.’