1º ESO Bilingual 2010/2011 Curricular Unit Ancient Greece

1. Ancient Olympic Games

2. 1. According to the Greek mythology, who invented the Ancient Olympic Games? What did he want to tribute to? According to the greek mythology Heracles invented the Olympic games. The ancient olympic games were celebrated in honour of Zeus.

3. 2. What does “PALESTRA” mean? How old were athletes when they started to work to become athletes? The place where 12 years old boys learnt to use their muscles and discipline their nervous system. They were 12 years old.

4. 3. How was the place where the athletes trained since they were sixteen called? At sixteen they trained in the gym, where the Greeks did exercise and athletics.

5. 4. What is a “Stadium” (Estadio)? What is it the mythological origin? The place where the athletes compete in the Olympic games . The only competition held then was, according to the later Greek traveller pausanias who wrote in 175 A.D., the stadion race, a race over about 190 metres (620 ft), measured after the feet of Hercules. The word stadium is derived from this foot race.

6. 5 . What does “ EFEBIA” mean? To what extent was Physical Education important in the EFEBIA? Physical education was an essential aspect of initiation into civilized life education. Hence the predominat naturally place it occupies in the agenda of the "efebia" upper echelon of educationof the ruling classes.

7. How often were the Olympic Games celebrated? How is this period of time called? EVERY 4 YEARS // THE ANCIENT GREECE

8. NOT RESPECT FOR WOMEN//AN AGONIST IS A CONTEST What do “agonism”(agonismo), and “agonistic” (agonístico) mean? what is an “AGON”?

9. What does “the Olympic Peace” mean? A RETURN TO TRADITIONAL LIFE

10. What types of “agones” were there? and what tests did "agones" consist of ? 4 AGONIST/AGONIST ATHLETIC, LUCTARIOS, HORSE RIDING, AND PENTATHLON

11. Why couldn´t Esparta participate in the 420 BC Olympic Games? FAIL BECAUSE THE LAWS AND REJECTED

12. 16. Hellanodikai The Hellanodikai were the judges of the Ancient Olympic Games, and the success of the games are attributed to their efforts. It was their sacred duty to maintain the standards and legacy of the games, as well as uphold the rules. Originally the title was Agonothetai (meaning game organisea)

13. 17. How were the awards and the award ceremony? · Kotinos The olive wreath also known as kotinos was the prize for the winner at the Ancient Olympic Games. It was a big ceremony where they gave the champions olive branches and made ​​sculptures for them

14. 18. Two important Greek characters who participated in the Ancient Olympic Games. ~> Aurelios Zopyros (Junior Boxing) ~> Cynisca of Sparta(Fisrt woman to be listed as an Olympic victor).

15. 19. “The Heraia” Is the union of the Nemean games and games of Hera.

16. The athletes usually competed nude, not only as the weather was appropriate, but also as the festival was meant to celebrate, in part, the achievements of the human body. 20. Clothes of the athletes. · They lived like this.... Athletes who participated in the Games did completely naked, and gathered a month before its start in the city of Elis, should be a year before registering to participate, and devoted there life to sports by accepting a strict regulation providing for the prohibition of any attempt to bribe, to push the opponent in tests not established or publicly express disagreement with any action taken by the judges of the Games

17. What kinds of exercises were made in Physical Education in the Ancient Greece? Why? In the Ancient Greece students practiced the following exersices: Races Long jump Discus throw Javelin throwing Olympic wrestling Wrestling Boxing Martial arts chariot racing

18. In what period of time were the Olympic Games played in Greece? The olympic games started 776 B.C. The olympic games started 776 B.C. The olympic games started in776 B.C.

19. What role did Sport have as opposite to Physical Education during this time? Not only was it a hobby,it was very serious,it was related with higyne and medical,ethics and sthetics issues at the same time.

20. What types of tests were developed during the Ancient Olympic Games? Speed​ : Stadion Test (running). Diadulos: running around in the stadium Dolicho : It was an endurance race Javelin: It was a spear of pine, olive and weave with the end of a strap iron and a center that served to increase the momentum. Disco: A test that has changed little. Long jump: It ran with a dumbbell in the hand of stone or lead

21. Wrestling: It has got many similarities with the present, the athlete had to knock back an opponent three times. Boxing: It lasted until one of the contenders surrendered or was knocked out. Pentathlon: Predecessor of the modern decathlon. It consisted of five events: stadium, long jump, discus, javelin and wrestling. The pentathlete approaching the Greek ideal champion. Equestrian: Of the various equestrian events, the most widely accepted was the chariot, which appear in the XXV edition, a career consisted of twelve laps of the race track on a two-wheeled cart drawn by four horses.

22. Pankration: The fight only considered the ban to bite, ending when the opponent surrender or die Hoplitodromos : It took place on the last day, as it competed with weapons.

23. Which Emperor abolished the Olympic Games in 394 AC? The emperor is Theodosius