SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 8
IMPACT Research Image Enhancement, Segmentation, Experimental OCR Apostolos Antonacopoulos PRImA Lab, The University of Salford, United Kingdom www.primaresearch.org
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Overview: Digitisation Workflow ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Textline and Word Segmentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],date footertext
Hybrid Text Line Segmenter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bitonal image Text regions (PAGE XML)  Regions with text lines  (PAGE XML)  Parameters
Density Word Segmenter ,[object Object],Bitonal image Text regions and lines (PAGE XML)  Regions, text lines and words (PAGE XML)  Parameters  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Further Information ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Más contenido relacionado

Similar a IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Text line and word segmentation

IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warping
IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warpingIMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warping
IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warpingIMPACT Centre of Competence
 
Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...
Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...
Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...Divya Gera
 
Searching Repositories of Web Application Models
Searching Repositories of Web Application ModelsSearching Repositories of Web Application Models
Searching Repositories of Web Application ModelsMarco Brambilla
 
Annotating Search Results from Web Databases
Annotating Search Results from Web DatabasesAnnotating Search Results from Web Databases
Annotating Search Results from Web DatabasesSWAMI06
 
JPM1415 Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...
JPM1415  Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...JPM1415  Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...
JPM1415 Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...chennaijp
 
Design and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English Font
Design and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English FontDesign and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English Font
Design and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English FontIRJET Journal
 
Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.
Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.
Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.Marco Brambilla
 
Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015
Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015
Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015József Makai
 
EPLAN-Function Overview
EPLAN-Function OverviewEPLAN-Function Overview
EPLAN-Function Overviewnandini sanjay
 
Automated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service Integration
Automated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service IntegrationAutomated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service Integration
Automated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service IntegrationMartin Szomszor
 
The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)
The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)
The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)Michael Rys
 
Optical Character Recognition
Optical Character RecognitionOptical Character Recognition
Optical Character RecognitionRahul Mallik
 
“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”
“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”
“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”diannepatricia
 
Text Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text Regions
Text Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text RegionsText Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text Regions
Text Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text RegionsIJCSIS Research Publications
 
Enhancement and Segmentation of Historical Records
Enhancement and Segmentation of Historical RecordsEnhancement and Segmentation of Historical Records
Enhancement and Segmentation of Historical Recordscsandit
 
Ontology-based Cooperation of Information Systems
Ontology-based Cooperation of Information SystemsOntology-based Cooperation of Information Systems
Ontology-based Cooperation of Information SystemsRaji Ghawi
 
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...AIRCC Publishing Corporation
 
BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...
BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...
BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...ijcsit
 
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...AIRCC Publishing Corporation
 

Similar a IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Text line and word segmentation (20)

IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warping
IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warpingIMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warping
IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Arbitrary warping
 
Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...
Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...
Texture features based text extraction from images using DWT and K-means clus...
 
Searching Repositories of Web Application Models
Searching Repositories of Web Application ModelsSearching Repositories of Web Application Models
Searching Repositories of Web Application Models
 
Annotating Search Results from Web Databases
Annotating Search Results from Web DatabasesAnnotating Search Results from Web Databases
Annotating Search Results from Web Databases
 
JPM1415 Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...
JPM1415  Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...JPM1415  Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...
JPM1415 Scene Text Recognition in Mobile Applications by Character Descripto...
 
Design and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English Font
Design and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English FontDesign and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English Font
Design and Description of Feature Extraction Algorithm for Old English Font
 
Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.
Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.
Model-Driven Design of Audiovisual Indexing Processes for Search Apps.
 
Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015
Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015
Optimization of Incremental Queries CloudMDE2015
 
EPLAN-Function Overview
EPLAN-Function OverviewEPLAN-Function Overview
EPLAN-Function Overview
 
Automated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service Integration
Automated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service IntegrationAutomated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service Integration
Automated Syntactic Mediation for Web Service Integration
 
The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)
The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)
The Road to U-SQL: Experiences in Language Design (SQL Konferenz 2017 Keynote)
 
A12REVIEW.pptx
A12REVIEW.pptxA12REVIEW.pptx
A12REVIEW.pptx
 
Optical Character Recognition
Optical Character RecognitionOptical Character Recognition
Optical Character Recognition
 
“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”
“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”
“Semantic PDF Processing & Document Representation”
 
Text Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text Regions
Text Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text RegionsText Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text Regions
Text Extraction System by Eliminating Non-Text Regions
 
Enhancement and Segmentation of Historical Records
Enhancement and Segmentation of Historical RecordsEnhancement and Segmentation of Historical Records
Enhancement and Segmentation of Historical Records
 
Ontology-based Cooperation of Information Systems
Ontology-based Cooperation of Information SystemsOntology-based Cooperation of Information Systems
Ontology-based Cooperation of Information Systems
 
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
 
BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...
BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...
BAG OF VISUAL WORDS FOR WORD SPOTTING IN HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENTS BASED ON CURVA...
 
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
Bag of Visual Words for Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Based on Curva...
 

Más de IMPACT Centre of Competence

Más de IMPACT Centre of Competence (20)

Session6 01.helmut schmid
Session6 01.helmut schmidSession6 01.helmut schmid
Session6 01.helmut schmid
 
Session1 03.hsian-an wang
Session1 03.hsian-an wangSession1 03.hsian-an wang
Session1 03.hsian-an wang
 
Session7 03.katrien depuydt
Session7 03.katrien depuydtSession7 03.katrien depuydt
Session7 03.katrien depuydt
 
Session7 02.peter kiraly
Session7 02.peter kiralySession7 02.peter kiraly
Session7 02.peter kiraly
 
Session6 04.giuseppe celano
Session6 04.giuseppe celanoSession6 04.giuseppe celano
Session6 04.giuseppe celano
 
Session6 03.sandra young
Session6 03.sandra youngSession6 03.sandra young
Session6 03.sandra young
 
Session6 02.jeremi ochab
Session6 02.jeremi ochabSession6 02.jeremi ochab
Session6 02.jeremi ochab
 
Session5 04.evangelos varthis
Session5 04.evangelos varthisSession5 04.evangelos varthis
Session5 04.evangelos varthis
 
Session5 03.george rehm
Session5 03.george rehmSession5 03.george rehm
Session5 03.george rehm
 
Session5 02.tom derrick
Session5 02.tom derrickSession5 02.tom derrick
Session5 02.tom derrick
 
Session5 01.rutger vankoert
Session5 01.rutger vankoertSession5 01.rutger vankoert
Session5 01.rutger vankoert
 
Session4 04.senka drobac
Session4 04.senka drobacSession4 04.senka drobac
Session4 04.senka drobac
 
Session3 04.arnau baro
Session3 04.arnau baroSession3 04.arnau baro
Session3 04.arnau baro
 
Session3 03.christian clausner
Session3 03.christian clausnerSession3 03.christian clausner
Session3 03.christian clausner
 
Session3 02.kimmo ketunnen
Session3 02.kimmo ketunnenSession3 02.kimmo ketunnen
Session3 02.kimmo ketunnen
 
Session3 01.clemens neudecker
Session3 01.clemens neudeckerSession3 01.clemens neudecker
Session3 01.clemens neudecker
 
Session2 04.ashkan ashkpour
Session2 04.ashkan ashkpourSession2 04.ashkan ashkpour
Session2 04.ashkan ashkpour
 
Session2 03.juri opitz
Session2 03.juri opitzSession2 03.juri opitz
Session2 03.juri opitz
 
Session2 02.christian reul
Session2 02.christian reulSession2 02.christian reul
Session2 02.christian reul
 
Session2 01.emad mohamed
Session2 01.emad mohamedSession2 01.emad mohamed
Session2 01.emad mohamed
 

Último

Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...
Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...
Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...apidays
 
Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...
Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...
Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...Jeffrey Haguewood
 
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...apidays
 
CNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In Pakistan
CNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In PakistanCNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In Pakistan
CNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In Pakistandanishmna97
 
Architecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native ApplicationsArchitecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native ApplicationsWSO2
 
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptxCorporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptxRustici Software
 
Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...
Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...
Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...apidays
 
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)Zilliz
 
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024Victor Rentea
 
Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​
Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​
Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​Bhuvaneswari Subramani
 
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdfSandro Moreira
 
Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...
Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...
Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...apidays
 
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering DevelopersWSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering DevelopersWSO2
 
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptxVector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptxRemote DBA Services
 
TrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data Discovery
TrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data DiscoveryTrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data Discovery
TrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data DiscoveryTrustArc
 
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal OntologySix Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontologyjohnbeverley2021
 
DBX First Quarter 2024 Investor Presentation
DBX First Quarter 2024 Investor PresentationDBX First Quarter 2024 Investor Presentation
DBX First Quarter 2024 Investor PresentationDropbox
 
Exploring Multimodal Embeddings with Milvus
Exploring Multimodal Embeddings with MilvusExploring Multimodal Embeddings with Milvus
Exploring Multimodal Embeddings with MilvusZilliz
 
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024Victor Rentea
 
MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024
MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024
MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024MIND CTI
 

Último (20)

Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...
Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...
Apidays New York 2024 - The value of a flexible API Management solution for O...
 
Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...
Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...
Web Form Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apri...
 
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
 
CNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In Pakistan
CNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In PakistanCNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In Pakistan
CNIC Information System with Pakdata Cf In Pakistan
 
Architecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native ApplicationsArchitecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native Applications
 
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptxCorporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
 
Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...
Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...
Apidays New York 2024 - Accelerating FinTech Innovation by Vasa Krishnan, Fin...
 
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
 
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
 
Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​
Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​
Elevate Developer Efficiency & build GenAI Application with Amazon Q​
 
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
 
Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...
Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...
Apidays New York 2024 - APIs in 2030: The Risk of Technological Sleepwalk by ...
 
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering DevelopersWSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
 
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptxVector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
 
TrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data Discovery
TrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data DiscoveryTrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data Discovery
TrustArc Webinar - Unlock the Power of AI-Driven Data Discovery
 
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal OntologySix Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
 
DBX First Quarter 2024 Investor Presentation
DBX First Quarter 2024 Investor PresentationDBX First Quarter 2024 Investor Presentation
DBX First Quarter 2024 Investor Presentation
 
Exploring Multimodal Embeddings with Milvus
Exploring Multimodal Embeddings with MilvusExploring Multimodal Embeddings with Milvus
Exploring Multimodal Embeddings with Milvus
 
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
 
MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024
MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024
MINDCTI Revenue Release Quarter One 2024
 

IMPACT Final Conference - USAL - Text line and word segmentation

  • 1. IMPACT Research Image Enhancement, Segmentation, Experimental OCR Apostolos Antonacopoulos PRImA Lab, The University of Salford, United Kingdom www.primaresearch.org
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.