Arterial supply of the head & neck /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

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 Common Carotid Artery
 External Carotid Artery
 Internal Carotid Artery


 External Carotid Artery -• Anterior branches
• Posterior branches
• Medial branches
• Terminal branches


 Anterior Branches --

a) superior thyroid artery
b) lingual artery
c) facial artery
 Posterior Branches --

a) occipital artery
b) posterior auricular artery


 Medial Branches --

Ascending Pharyngeal Artery

 Terminal Branches --

a) superficial temporal artery
b) maxillary artery


 Its relationship to the external laryngeal nerve is

important during thyroid surgeries.

 The artery and the nerve very close to each other

higher up but diverge near the gland.


 Origin – anteromedial part of external carotid

artery at tip of greater cornu of hyoid bone
between superior thyroid and facial arteries.
 Course – after short course lies deep to hyoglossus

muscle, finally leaves the muscle in the tongue to
anastomose with the fellow of opposite side
 Three parts

First part of lingual artery:
 From origin to posterior

border of hyoglossus

Relations:
-skin, superficial fascia,
platysma and deep
fascia
-lies on middle constrictor

- loop of artery is crossed
by hypoglossal nerve.

Second part:
 Lies deep to the
hyoglossus, runs along
upper border of hyoid bone

Relations:
- covered by hyoglossus,
tendon of digastric,
stylohyoid and posterior
part of mylohyoid muscle

Third part
 Extends from anterior
border of hyglossus to
the tip of tongue
 Arteria profunda linguae

Relations:
 Medial- genioglossus
 Lateral – longitudinalis
linguae inferior
 Below – lingual mucous
membrane

 Origin – anterior aspect of external carotid artery
 Course – runs upwards in neck, then on face; tortuous in

both places
 Two parts Cervical part
 Facial part


Cervical course

Facial course


•

Cervical branches
– Ascending palatine artery
– Tonsillar artery
– Glandular branches
– Submental

•

Facial branches
– Inferior labial artery
– Superior labial artery

– Lateral nasal artery


• Origin – posteriorly

from the external
carotid, 2 cm from its
origin
• Course – Runs

backwards and upwards
deep to lower border of
posterior belly of
digastric
ends
posteriorly in scalp

Branches –
 Sternocleido mastoid branch
 Mastoid branch
 Stylomastoid branch
 Auricular branch
 Muscular branch
 Descending branch
 Meningeal branch
 Occipital branch

 Cervical Part

( Branchless )
 Cranial Part

a) middle cerebral artery
b) posterior communicating artery
 Major Branch

Ophthalmic artery

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Arterial supply of the head & neck /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

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Arterial supply of the head & neck /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy