6. The effects of different types of praise Mueller and Dweck, 1998 In six studies, 7th grade students were given a series of nonverbal IQ tests.
7. Mueller and Dweck, 1998 Intelligence praise “Wow, that’s a really good score. You must be smart at this.” Process praise “Wow, that’s a really good score. You must have tried really hard.” Control-group praise “Wow, that’s a really good score.”
10. The effects of praise Swimming “You do your best swimming when you concentrate and try your best to do what Chris is asking you to do” Ballet “What a brilliant ballerina you are!” A new Dawn (Fraser) ?
14. Praise can make children afraid to try Our praise often teaches children that easy success means they are intelligent and, by implication, that errors and effort mean they are not. Prof Carol Dweck, Mindset
16. By the time they start school Some children start school knowing 6,000 words. Others, just 500 words. Source: BBC 2009 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8013859.stm
17. 500 words at age 5 Exam Pass Rates in UK 6000 words at age 5 100% 97% 73% 75% 50% 21% 0% National Tests for 16 year olds National Tests for 11 year olds