1. Jacob Guenther

2. 
The Biosocial Theory in relation to criminal
behavior believes that certain biological
differences such as mental capabilities and
physical deformities as well as social
differences such as having positive social
interactions or negative social interactions can
influence someone's tendency to become a lifecourse persistent offender or not.

3. 

Physical factors of newborns such as nicotine
or alcohol exposure and birth complications
have been shown to be positively correlated
with criminal behavior, especially when
combined with environmental risk factors.
Minor physical anomalies (MPAs) such as
adherent ear lobes, a single palmar crease, or a
furrowed tongue have had a positive correlated
relationship with increased anti-social
behavior, specifically with violent offenders.

4. 

Being raised in an environment that is
supportive of criminal behavior has a positive
correlation with engaging in criminal behavior.
Other criminological theories, such as the
Social Context Theory, also support this.
Not having any positive social influences or
close social connections can lead to anti-social
behavior and offenders without an incentive to
follow the rules are less likely to follow the
rules.

5. 

Having pre-natal exposure to alcohol, nicotine
or drugs can cause brain damage that can lead
to having behavior disorders and/or lead to a
lower than average intelligence. These can lead
individuals to doing poorly in school and
becoming involved in deviant behavior.
Having environmental exposure to drug
activity, criminal activity, or lack of positive
social influences can increase likelihood of
becoming involved in deviant behavior.

6. 

Lilly, J. R., Cullen, F. T. & Ball, R. A. (2011).
Criminological theory: Context and
consequences (5th Ed.). Washington D.C: Sage
Publications [ISBN:978-1-4129-8145-3]
Anna Rudo-Hutt, Y. G. (2011, January 1).
Biosocial Interactions and Correlates of Crime.
Retrieved November 26, 2013, from upenn.edu:
http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent
.cgi?article=1098&context=neuroethics_pubs