Weaving Variability into Domain Metamodels

Weaving Variability into
Weaving Variability into
Domain Metamodels
Domain Metamodels
Juan Antonio Martin-Checa
Juan Antonio Martin-Checa
(Advanced Component-Based Systems)
(Advanced Component-Based Systems)
Master in Software Engineering & Artificial Intelligence
Master in Software Engineering & Artificial Intelligence

Computer Science Department
University of Malaga, Spain
2011
2011

Index of contents
Index of contents

1. Introduction
1. Introduction
2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect
2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect
3. Applications on 2 domain metamodels
4. Related work
4. Related work
5. Conclusions
5. Conclusions

Weaving Variability into Domain Metamodels CS Dept. University of Malaga, Spain 2

1. Introduction 2. Variability 3. Applications 4. Related Work 5. Conclusions

1. Wigdor 2010 (Architecting ext-Generation User Interfaces)

1. Introduction / motivation



10


11


12


13



1. Introduction / key ideas

Products should meet (changing)
user requirements
Time-to-market is a critical concern
Developing products from scratch is
time consuming




1. Introduction / SPL and MDE in concert



16



1. Introduction / SPL

“A software product line (SPL) is a set of software-
intensive systems that share a common,
managed set of features satisfying the specific
needs of a particular market segment or mission
and that are developed from a common set of
core assets in a prescribed way.”




1. Introduction / SPL / Benefits

INCREASED DECREASED

Productivity Cost
Quality Labor needs
Time to Market




1. Introduction / MDE

“Model-driven engineering (MDE) is a software
development methodology which focuses on
creating and exploiting domain models (that is,
abstract representations of the knowledge and
activities that govern a particular application
domain), rather than on the computing (or
algorithmic) concepts.”




1. Introduction / MDE / Benefits

INCREASED DECREASED

Productivity Design complexity
Compatibility
Reusability
Team communications

Exploits/benefits from commonalitiesUser Interfaces)
1. Wigdor 2010 (Architecting ext-Generation
Manages variabilities
Derives products depending on the needs

DSML (Domain Specific Modeling Languages)....
Composition, transformation, code generation....
Early validation, simulation....
21


22

2. Variability
as a (meta-) aspect

23



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / goals

Reusable variability aspect

Describe models containing
variability (based on the concepts
defined in the domain metamodel)



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / approaches

Put variability inside the models

Put variability aside of the models


variability2010 (Architecting ext-Generation User Interfaces)
inside the models
1. Wigdor

26

variability2010 (Architecting extthe models
aside of -Generation User Interfaces)
1. Wigdor 2010 (Architecting ext-GenerationUser Interfaces)
1. Wigdor

27

variability2010 (Architecting ext-Generation User Interfaces)
inside Vs aside the models
1. Wigdor

28



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / considerations

Orthogonal to a domain
- Supported by DSMLs
Standard concepts
- XOR, options, etc.
- Not useful for all domains
- Variability FIXED




2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / metamodel
for variability

Founded upon previous work
Operators
XOR, OR, AND, Vp, Optional
Homegeneous Vs Heterogeneous
Constraints
REQUIRE, EXCLUDE, etc.




2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / metamodel
for variability



32



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / EMF metamodel
with variability



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38



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / weaving variability

idea: insert variability controllers on the references



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / AOM
AOM (Aspect-Oriented Metamodeling)

Meta-Aspect: Aspect that applies to a metamodel
Metamodels are models like others
- A (meta)model conforms to a (meta-)metamodel
Aspect-Oriented Metamodeling (AOM)
- Applied at the metamodel level
- Metamodels == base models for the aspects




2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / Smart Adapter
weaving (meta-) aspects

ASPECT:
- pointcut model (WHERE)
- advice model (WHAT)
- composition protocol (HOW)
POINTCUT: contextualized before weaving
- automatically: pattern matching, etc.
- semi-automatically: automatic detection, on-demand
- manually: mapping



2. Variability as a (meta-) aspect / variability
(meta-) aspect

– Pointcut model matches any references
between 2 meta-classes
– Useful homogeneous controllers are introduced
on these references
– Useful heterogeneous controllers are
introduced
– Constraints are attached to the root meta-class



43

3. Applications
on 2 domain
metamodels
44




Class diagram with Variability
Use of UML constructs + profiles

Aspect model with Variability
Matching variability
Composition variability


Weaving variability into EMF/ECore

46

Weaving variability into Smart Adapters

47

Weaving variability into Smart Adapters

48



3. Applications on 2 domain metamodels /
derivation process
From the model (with variability)
Maintain a FD (Feature Diagram)

SPL tools select products
Pruned FD (only selected features)

Pruned FD derive the model
Model conforming to initial metamodel




3. Applications on 2 domain metamodels /
key ideas

Normal model
Vs
Derived model


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52



4. Related work / approaches

UML metamodel extension
variability included in various UML diagrams
Variability techniques
engineering of DSMLs
Integrating model-driven & aspect-
oriented software development


1. Introduction 2. Variability 3. Applications 4. Related Work
Related 5. Conclusions


5. Conclusions

Two approaches to combine SPL & DSML
variability inside Vs variability aside
both have ++/--
Adopted approach: Variability Inside
systematic and flexible variability weaving
the variability you need, where you need it



57


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62



5. Conclusions

Personal
Reflections...


64


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68


69



5. Conclusions / Critique / PROS
reusable variability aspect
extends metamodel with variability
independent from any domain metamodel
generic approach
(applicable to any Ecore/EMOF meta-model, incl. UML)
(applicable to any Ecore/EMOF meta-model, incl. UML)
variability aspect can be standardized
DSMLs can be designed without variability
variability is woven on demand
approach validated (Ecore / Smart Adapters)
authors: wide experience in the field (↑publications)



5. Conclusions / Critique / CONS
constraints: limited to ‘requires’ and ‘mutex’
(does not contemplate other kinds of constraints) [2,6,7]
article:
lacks of some concept definitions
lacks of a clear, brief “step-by-step” summary of the approach
lacks of a scheme/diagram summarizing the approach
there are other valid approaches:
using UML + OO [2]
using UML + OO [2]
extending UML metamodel with variability [20]
extending UML metamodel with variability [20]
variability techniques to assist the engineering of DSMLs [12]
variability techniques to assist the engineering of DSMLs [12]
integrating model-driven & aspect-oriented sw evelopment [21]
integrating model-driven & aspect-oriented sw evelopment [21]
(the last 2, introduce variability at the model level)
(the last 2, introduce variability at the model level)



5. Conclusions / Critique / Personal opinion
interesting approach
complete: involves all steps (begining –to-end)
detailed
founded upon previous research/studies
validated
experimented authors
future research opportunities:
model checking
editing facilities
etc.

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