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Community Renewables:
  Best Practices: Issues & Solutions

            Joseph F. Wiedman



      ASES National Solar Conference
             Phoenix, AZ
            May 19, 2010
                                       1
IREC
•  501(c)(3) non-profit working to expand opportunities for
     the sustainable development of renewable energy
•    Current projects:
     –  Net metering rules and Interconnection standards
     –  Third-party ownership of renewable energy resources
     –  Community renewable power policies
     –  Smart Grid, vehicle electrification, and integration of storage
     –  Workforce training and development for the renewables industry
•  Represented by Keyes & Fox, LLP

                                                                     2
Community Renewable Power
•    Current status in most states - Single system serves a single onsite
     participant
      –  Excess generation is net metered for participant’s benefit
•    Community Renewables - Single system serves multiple participant(s)
      –  Policies used to distribute benefits:
          •  Meter Aggregation
          •  Joint Billing
          •  Virtual Net Metering
          •  Community Ownership
          •  Utility Ownership
      –  Not addressing
          •  Joint purchasing programs, e.g. Portland, 1BOG

                                                                            3
Meter Aggregation
                               •  One customer
                               •  Load and
                                  generation are
                                  not on same
Customer’s energy load            meter
                               •  Load and
                                  generation are
Customer’s best sites for PV      on contiguous
                                  property
                               •  Cost to run
                                  new line =
                                  $600,000
                                              4
Joint Billing/Virtual Net Metering
                            •  Multiple tenants
                            •  Single System
            Single System   •  System is
                               located onsite
                            •  Each tenant has
                               a separate meter
                            •  Cost of
                               rewiring to put
  Multiple Tenants             in master meter
                               = $60,000

                                           5
Joint Billing/Virtual Net Metering
          Ideal locations for a  •  Multiple home
          single large PV system    owners / renters
                                 •  Single System
                                 •  System is offsite
                                 •  Shading, tenent
                                    status, structural
                                    issues limits onsite
                                    generation




                                                 6
Policy          States       Number of           Distance between generation                 Administration
 Approach                      Participants              and participants

Meter           OR, PA,       One             • OR, RI, WA – within the service territory      Utility applies bill
Aggregation     RI, WA, CA    participant     of an electric utility                           credits to
                                              • PA – located within two miles of the           designated accounts
                *APS in AZ                    generation source
                *Xcel in CO                   • CA – on government property within
                                              geographic boundaries of local government
                                              and within same utility service territory
Joint Billing   VT            Multiple        • VT – within the service territory of an        Utility issues a joint
                              participants    electric utility                                 bill and customer
                                                                                               representative bills
                                                                                               participants

Virtual         CA, MA,       Multiple        • CA – on low-income, multitenant property       Utility applies bill
Net Metering    ME, RI        participants    • ME, MA, RI – within the service territory      credits to
                                              of an electric utility                           designated accounts

Community       ME, WA        Multiple        • ME – requires minimum 51% ownership by         Investors
Ownership                     investors       in-state interests. Systems receive either (i)   administer payment
                                              150% REC credit, or (ii) long term power         and incentives
                                              sale contract with utility
                                              • WA –incentive program for jointly-owned
                                              systems providing retail power                                    7
Utility Offerings
•    Typically local utility invests in a solar energy system and sells
     shares to members
•    Net metering credits are available either as a share of production or
     as a fixed amount using virtual net metering
•    Current status: Ashland, Oregon; Ellensburg, Washington;
     Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Sacramento, CA; St. George,
     Utah; Florida Keys Electric Cooperative, Marathon, FL offer
     programs
•    Benefits: system economics can come close to mirroring onsite
     economics




                                                                        8
Community Renewables in the States




                                                            9 States
                                                            currently have
                                                              state-wide
                                                             community
                                                             renewables
                                                                activity
States with statewide   States where
                        nearly all utilities   States with
community renewable
                        have programs          active proposals
power programs                                                         9
Overview of IREC’s Community
        Renewable Power Concept Proposal
•    Guiding principles:
      –  Participants should have an experience as close as possible to
         investing in an onsite system
      –  Community renewables should be additive to successful onsite
         renweables programs
•    Current Proposal
      –  Allocation of benefits => virtual net metering
      –  Administration of credits => utility administration
      –  Financing options => direct ownership, third-party ownership,
         community ownership and utility ownership allowed
      –  Compensation for wheeling => compensation for wheeling is
         heavily dependant on rate design and the structure of overall
         program                                                       10
IREC Resources
   Assistance to Commissions and other stakeholders in
developing community renewables programs – please contact
               jwiedman@keyesandfox.com

       State policies and maps at www.dsireusa.org

             IREC website: www.irecusa.org

         Keyes & Fox LLP: www.keyesandfox.com

                     Thank You!


                                                            11

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IREC: Community renewables: best practices, issues & solutions

  • 1. Community Renewables: Best Practices: Issues & Solutions Joseph F. Wiedman ASES National Solar Conference Phoenix, AZ May 19, 2010 1
  • 2. IREC •  501(c)(3) non-profit working to expand opportunities for the sustainable development of renewable energy •  Current projects: –  Net metering rules and Interconnection standards –  Third-party ownership of renewable energy resources –  Community renewable power policies –  Smart Grid, vehicle electrification, and integration of storage –  Workforce training and development for the renewables industry •  Represented by Keyes & Fox, LLP 2
  • 3. Community Renewable Power •  Current status in most states - Single system serves a single onsite participant –  Excess generation is net metered for participant’s benefit •  Community Renewables - Single system serves multiple participant(s) –  Policies used to distribute benefits: •  Meter Aggregation •  Joint Billing •  Virtual Net Metering •  Community Ownership •  Utility Ownership –  Not addressing •  Joint purchasing programs, e.g. Portland, 1BOG 3
  • 4. Meter Aggregation •  One customer •  Load and generation are not on same Customer’s energy load meter •  Load and generation are Customer’s best sites for PV on contiguous property •  Cost to run new line = $600,000 4
  • 5. Joint Billing/Virtual Net Metering •  Multiple tenants •  Single System Single System •  System is located onsite •  Each tenant has a separate meter •  Cost of rewiring to put Multiple Tenants in master meter = $60,000 5
  • 6. Joint Billing/Virtual Net Metering Ideal locations for a •  Multiple home single large PV system owners / renters •  Single System •  System is offsite •  Shading, tenent status, structural issues limits onsite generation 6
  • 7. Policy States Number of Distance between generation Administration Approach Participants and participants Meter OR, PA, One • OR, RI, WA – within the service territory Utility applies bill Aggregation RI, WA, CA participant of an electric utility credits to • PA – located within two miles of the designated accounts *APS in AZ generation source *Xcel in CO • CA – on government property within geographic boundaries of local government and within same utility service territory Joint Billing VT Multiple • VT – within the service territory of an Utility issues a joint participants electric utility bill and customer representative bills participants Virtual CA, MA, Multiple • CA – on low-income, multitenant property Utility applies bill Net Metering ME, RI participants • ME, MA, RI – within the service territory credits to of an electric utility designated accounts Community ME, WA Multiple • ME – requires minimum 51% ownership by Investors Ownership investors in-state interests. Systems receive either (i) administer payment 150% REC credit, or (ii) long term power and incentives sale contract with utility • WA –incentive program for jointly-owned systems providing retail power 7
  • 8. Utility Offerings •  Typically local utility invests in a solar energy system and sells shares to members •  Net metering credits are available either as a share of production or as a fixed amount using virtual net metering •  Current status: Ashland, Oregon; Ellensburg, Washington; Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Sacramento, CA; St. George, Utah; Florida Keys Electric Cooperative, Marathon, FL offer programs •  Benefits: system economics can come close to mirroring onsite economics 8
  • 9. Community Renewables in the States 9 States currently have state-wide community renewables activity States with statewide States where nearly all utilities States with community renewable have programs active proposals power programs 9
  • 10. Overview of IREC’s Community Renewable Power Concept Proposal •  Guiding principles: –  Participants should have an experience as close as possible to investing in an onsite system –  Community renewables should be additive to successful onsite renweables programs •  Current Proposal –  Allocation of benefits => virtual net metering –  Administration of credits => utility administration –  Financing options => direct ownership, third-party ownership, community ownership and utility ownership allowed –  Compensation for wheeling => compensation for wheeling is heavily dependant on rate design and the structure of overall program 10
  • 11. IREC Resources Assistance to Commissions and other stakeholders in developing community renewables programs – please contact jwiedman@keyesandfox.com State policies and maps at www.dsireusa.org IREC website: www.irecusa.org Keyes & Fox LLP: www.keyesandfox.com Thank You! 11