SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 24
Watercolor
Landscape
Studio Art
Watercolor






Paint made with a watersoluble binder such as
gum arabic, and thinned
with water rather than oil,
giving a transparent color.
Traditionally used in a light
to dark manner, using the
white of the paper to
determine values.
Usually transparent, and
appear luminous because
the pigments are laid
down in a relatively pure
form with few fillers
obscuring the pigment
colors.
Landscape


Art that depicts natural scenery such as mountains,
valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, and especially art where
the main subject is a wide view.
Landscape
Landscape
Landscape
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
Watercolor
TASK
For this project you will
be creating a
landscape painting
that includes the
Element of Art: Space –
specifically focusing on
creating depth by
using foreground,
middle ground and
background.
STEP 1: References
Research and print landscape reference images. As you look,
think about what type of landscape you want to create.
Things to take into consideration…
 Differences in terrain, climate, vegetation, wildlife, etc.
 Is there any architecture?
 Is there a strong foreground, middle ground and
background?
Step 2: Planning
For this project, more than any before, PLANNING is ESSENTIAL.
 Use more than one reference image
 Create 4 different compositional sketches in sketchbook
 Think about different color options/schemes to use
Step 2: Planning
When planning consider your use of SPACE

FOREGROUND

MIDDLE GROUND

BACKGROUND
Background

Foreground

Middle Ground
Step 3: Final Drawing
Once I’ve approved your composition and color plan, you
may begin to draw VERY LIGHTLY on final watercolor paper
with pencil

Dark pencil lines will show through on your watercolor.

VERY LIGHT!!!
Step 4: Painting




Apply watercolor using the techniques discussed and
practiced in class – reference color planning, make use of
test strips and your color wheel while you apply color.
After you have applied color to your landscape and it
has dried, you may go in with colored pencils to add fine
details if desired.
Questions

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

Portraitdrawing
PortraitdrawingPortraitdrawing
Portraitdrawingcjoyce104
 
Negativespace
NegativespaceNegativespace
Negativespacecjoyce104
 
Facial Proportions
Facial ProportionsFacial Proportions
Facial Proportionsmrsbauerart
 
Theories of Composition
Theories of CompositionTheories of Composition
Theories of Compositionmrsbauerart
 
Still Life Painting-An Introduction
Still Life Painting-An IntroductionStill Life Painting-An Introduction
Still Life Painting-An IntroductionFrank Curkovic
 
Watercolor Experimentation
Watercolor ExperimentationWatercolor Experimentation
Watercolor ExperimentationEmily Valenza
 
The Visual Elements of Art: TEXTURE
The Visual Elements of Art: TEXTUREThe Visual Elements of Art: TEXTURE
The Visual Elements of Art: TEXTURERosa Fernández
 
Still life composing
Still life composingStill life composing
Still life composinguploadlessons
 
Acrylic Basics & More
Acrylic Basics & MoreAcrylic Basics & More
Acrylic Basics & Moreakullaf
 
One point perspective
One point perspectiveOne point perspective
One point perspectivemarsha devine
 
Composition
CompositionComposition
Compositiond cason
 
Element of Art - Value
Element of Art - ValueElement of Art - Value
Element of Art - ValueRodriguezArt
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

Portraitdrawing
PortraitdrawingPortraitdrawing
Portraitdrawing
 
Negativespace
NegativespaceNegativespace
Negativespace
 
Facial Proportions
Facial ProportionsFacial Proportions
Facial Proportions
 
Value
ValueValue
Value
 
Theories of Composition
Theories of CompositionTheories of Composition
Theories of Composition
 
Still Life Painting-An Introduction
Still Life Painting-An IntroductionStill Life Painting-An Introduction
Still Life Painting-An Introduction
 
Watercolor
WatercolorWatercolor
Watercolor
 
Watercolor Experimentation
Watercolor ExperimentationWatercolor Experimentation
Watercolor Experimentation
 
The Visual Elements of Art: TEXTURE
The Visual Elements of Art: TEXTUREThe Visual Elements of Art: TEXTURE
The Visual Elements of Art: TEXTURE
 
Still life composing
Still life composingStill life composing
Still life composing
 
Principle of art pattern
Principle of art   patternPrinciple of art   pattern
Principle of art pattern
 
Still life drawing
Still life drawingStill life drawing
Still life drawing
 
Acrylic Basics & More
Acrylic Basics & MoreAcrylic Basics & More
Acrylic Basics & More
 
Element of art - texture
Element of art - textureElement of art - texture
Element of art - texture
 
Contour line drawing
Contour line drawingContour line drawing
Contour line drawing
 
Oil Pastel Technique
Oil Pastel TechniqueOil Pastel Technique
Oil Pastel Technique
 
One point perspective
One point perspectiveOne point perspective
One point perspective
 
Lesson 8 1 a understanding space
Lesson 8 1 a understanding spaceLesson 8 1 a understanding space
Lesson 8 1 a understanding space
 
Composition
CompositionComposition
Composition
 
Element of Art - Value
Element of Art - ValueElement of Art - Value
Element of Art - Value
 

Similar a Watercolor landscape powerpoint

Different drawing styles
Different drawing stylesDifferent drawing styles
Different drawing stylesmswilsonri2
 
week2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptx
week2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptxweek2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptx
week2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptxJoyAprilDeGuzman2
 
Elements of landscape guidleines
Elements of landscape guidleinesElements of landscape guidleines
Elements of landscape guidleinesKris Troxell
 
Q2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptx
Q2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptxQ2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptx
Q2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptxMicahKayHamig1
 
Plein Air
Plein AirPlein Air
Plein Airakullaf
 
How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?
How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?
How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?Indian Art Ideas
 
UNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptx
UNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptxUNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptx
UNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptxErlenaMirador1
 
Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)
Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)
Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)samheisler
 
An introducton to watercolour
An introducton to watercolourAn introducton to watercolour
An introducton to watercolourElvin Herrera
 
Marbling art presentation
Marbling art presentationMarbling art presentation
Marbling art presentationbeamunoz
 
Marbling Art Presentation
Marbling Art PresentationMarbling Art Presentation
Marbling Art PresentationVakkas Ozbek
 
Pastel Fundamentals
Pastel FundamentalsPastel Fundamentals
Pastel Fundamentalsakullaf
 

Similar a Watercolor landscape powerpoint (20)

Watercolor landscape handout
Watercolor landscape handoutWatercolor landscape handout
Watercolor landscape handout
 
Different drawing styles
Different drawing stylesDifferent drawing styles
Different drawing styles
 
PAINTING
PAINTINGPAINTING
PAINTING
 
week2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptx
week2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptxweek2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptx
week2 qtr1 secod day Showing the distance in a landscape.pptx
 
Elements of landscape guidleines
Elements of landscape guidleinesElements of landscape guidleines
Elements of landscape guidleines
 
Q2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptx
Q2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptxQ2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptx
Q2_ART 3 LESSON 1 (UNIT 2).pptx
 
Watercolors3
Watercolors3Watercolors3
Watercolors3
 
Stained glasslandscape
Stained glasslandscapeStained glasslandscape
Stained glasslandscape
 
Plein Air
Plein AirPlein Air
Plein Air
 
How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?
How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?
How to Select the Best Landscape Paintings for Your Spaces?
 
UNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptx
UNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptxUNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptx
UNit II_Arts_Q2_Creative Expression Through Painting.pptx
 
Appreciating the Art of Painting.pptx
Appreciating the Art of Painting.pptxAppreciating the Art of Painting.pptx
Appreciating the Art of Painting.pptx
 
Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)
Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)
Honours Crit Presentation (2nd Semester)
 
Color
ColorColor
Color
 
Psv
PsvPsv
Psv
 
Painting
PaintingPainting
Painting
 
An introducton to watercolour
An introducton to watercolourAn introducton to watercolour
An introducton to watercolour
 
Marbling art presentation
Marbling art presentationMarbling art presentation
Marbling art presentation
 
Marbling Art Presentation
Marbling Art PresentationMarbling Art Presentation
Marbling Art Presentation
 
Pastel Fundamentals
Pastel FundamentalsPastel Fundamentals
Pastel Fundamentals
 

Más de Victor Junior/Senior High School

Más de Victor Junior/Senior High School (20)

Surrealism arthistoryassignment
Surrealism arthistoryassignmentSurrealism arthistoryassignment
Surrealism arthistoryassignment
 
Surrealism imagebank
Surrealism imagebankSurrealism imagebank
Surrealism imagebank
 
Abstract expressionismarthistoryassignment
Abstract expressionismarthistoryassignmentAbstract expressionismarthistoryassignment
Abstract expressionismarthistoryassignment
 
Cubism imagebank
Cubism imagebankCubism imagebank
Cubism imagebank
 
Cubism arthistoryassignment
Cubism arthistoryassignmentCubism arthistoryassignment
Cubism arthistoryassignment
 
Studio midtermstudyguide2015
Studio midtermstudyguide2015Studio midtermstudyguide2015
Studio midtermstudyguide2015
 
Expressionism arthistoryassignment
Expressionism arthistoryassignmentExpressionism arthistoryassignment
Expressionism arthistoryassignment
 
Expressionism
ExpressionismExpressionism
Expressionism
 
Post impressionismarthistoryassignment
Post impressionismarthistoryassignmentPost impressionismarthistoryassignment
Post impressionismarthistoryassignment
 
Post impressionismimagebank
Post impressionismimagebankPost impressionismimagebank
Post impressionismimagebank
 
Color wheel colorscheme
Color wheel colorschemeColor wheel colorscheme
Color wheel colorscheme
 
Collage presentationart8
Collage presentationart8Collage presentationart8
Collage presentationart8
 
Collage objectivesrubric
Collage objectivesrubricCollage objectivesrubric
Collage objectivesrubric
 
Famou scollage
Famou scollageFamou scollage
Famou scollage
 
Collage presentationart8
Collage presentationart8Collage presentationart8
Collage presentationart8
 
Collage objectivesrubric
Collage objectivesrubricCollage objectivesrubric
Collage objectivesrubric
 
Impressionism arthistoryassignment
Impressionism arthistoryassignmentImpressionism arthistoryassignment
Impressionism arthistoryassignment
 
Impressionism imagebank
Impressionism imagebankImpressionism imagebank
Impressionism imagebank
 
Color powerpointart8
Color powerpointart8Color powerpointart8
Color powerpointart8
 
Pop artarthistoryassignment
Pop artarthistoryassignmentPop artarthistoryassignment
Pop artarthistoryassignment
 

Último

What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERPWhat is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
 
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...JhezDiaz1
 
Music 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptx
Music 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptxMusic 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptx
Music 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptxleah joy valeriano
 
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptxROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptxVanesaIglesias10
 
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdfInclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdfTechSoup
 
Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture honsFood processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture honsManeerUddin
 
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptxmary850239
 
ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...
ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...
ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...JojoEDelaCruz
 
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...Postal Advocate Inc.
 
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdfVirtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdfErwinPantujan2
 
Grade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdf
Grade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdfGrade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdf
Grade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdfJemuel Francisco
 
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Transaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management SystemTransaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management SystemChristalin Nelson
 
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)Mark Reed
 
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptx
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptxBarangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptx
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptxCarlos105
 
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptxQ4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptxlancelewisportillo
 

Último (20)

What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERPWhat is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
What is Model Inheritance in Odoo 17 ERP
 
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
 
Music 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptx
Music 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptxMusic 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptx
Music 9 - 4th quarter - Vocal Music of the Romantic Period.pptx
 
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptxROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
ROLES IN A STAGE PRODUCTION in arts.pptx
 
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdfInclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
Inclusivity Essentials_ Creating Accessible Websites for Nonprofits .pdf
 
Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture honsFood processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
 
LEFT_ON_C'N_ PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
LEFT_ON_C'N_ PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptxLEFT_ON_C'N_ PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
LEFT_ON_C'N_ PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
 
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
 
ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...
ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...
ENG 5 Q4 WEEk 1 DAY 1 Restate sentences heard in one’s own words. Use appropr...
 
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
USPS® Forced Meter Migration - How to Know if Your Postage Meter Will Soon be...
 
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdfVirtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
Virtual-Orientation-on-the-Administration-of-NATG12-NATG6-and-ELLNA.pdf
 
Grade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdf
Grade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdfGrade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdf
Grade 9 Quarter 4 Dll Grade 9 Quarter 4 DLL.pdf
 
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
How to Add Barcode on PDF Report in Odoo 17
 
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptxYOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
YOUVE_GOT_EMAIL_PRELIMS_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
 
Transaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management SystemTransaction Management in Database Management System
Transaction Management in Database Management System
 
Raw materials used in Herbal Cosmetics.pptx
Raw materials used in Herbal Cosmetics.pptxRaw materials used in Herbal Cosmetics.pptx
Raw materials used in Herbal Cosmetics.pptx
 
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)
Influencing policy (training slides from Fast Track Impact)
 
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptx
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptxBarangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptx
Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) Orientation.pptx
 
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptxFINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
FINALS_OF_LEFT_ON_C'N_EL_DORADO_2024.pptx
 
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptxQ4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
 

Watercolor landscape powerpoint

  • 2. Watercolor    Paint made with a watersoluble binder such as gum arabic, and thinned with water rather than oil, giving a transparent color. Traditionally used in a light to dark manner, using the white of the paper to determine values. Usually transparent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a relatively pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.
  • 3. Landscape  Art that depicts natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, and especially art where the main subject is a wide view.
  • 17. TASK For this project you will be creating a landscape painting that includes the Element of Art: Space – specifically focusing on creating depth by using foreground, middle ground and background.
  • 18. STEP 1: References Research and print landscape reference images. As you look, think about what type of landscape you want to create. Things to take into consideration…  Differences in terrain, climate, vegetation, wildlife, etc.  Is there any architecture?  Is there a strong foreground, middle ground and background?
  • 19. Step 2: Planning For this project, more than any before, PLANNING is ESSENTIAL.  Use more than one reference image  Create 4 different compositional sketches in sketchbook  Think about different color options/schemes to use
  • 20. Step 2: Planning When planning consider your use of SPACE FOREGROUND MIDDLE GROUND BACKGROUND
  • 22. Step 3: Final Drawing Once I’ve approved your composition and color plan, you may begin to draw VERY LIGHTLY on final watercolor paper with pencil Dark pencil lines will show through on your watercolor. VERY LIGHT!!!
  • 23. Step 4: Painting   Apply watercolor using the techniques discussed and practiced in class – reference color planning, make use of test strips and your color wheel while you apply color. After you have applied color to your landscape and it has dried, you may go in with colored pencils to add fine details if desired.