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Teacher Understanding Unit 3 Deborah Ball Deborah Ball’s Website http://www-personal.umich.edu/~dball
Defining Issue in Implementation  Teacher’s Own Understanding of Mathematics.   Liping Ma
The Defining Issue in Implementation  ---is the teacher’s own understanding of mathematics. Liping Ma
Understanding and Instruction ,[object Object],[object Object]
Knowing and Teaching  Elementary Mathematics Liping Ma ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expert Groups ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #1 Subtraction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #1—Subtraction with  Regrouping ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #1—Subtraction with Regrouping ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Math “Facts” vs. Subtraction Within 20 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
15 - 8 7 0  15 15 - 8 7
Equal Exchange, Base Ten and Form of a Value ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pop Cubes and Tens “Composing and Decomposing” ,[object Object]
Subtraction within 20 Language Tips ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Develop an Understanding of Base 10 and Equal Exchange ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Know what you are teaching! ,[object Object],[object Object]
Structure 3 types of subtraction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],You’ve got some amount and “take away” from it: What’s left? You compare to see: Who has more or less? You need some more to get where you want to be: What is the missing amount? ? ? ?
Structures of Addition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],? ? ? Addition types Adapted from Carpenter, Fennema, Franke, Levi and Empson, 1999, p. 12 in Adding it Up, NRC 2001. Taken  Left What did I start with? How many altogether? How many do I have?
Problem #2 Multiplication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #2 Multiplication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #2 Multiplication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
23 x  47 1 2 16 0 2 1 9 1081
23 x 47 21 140 120 800 1081
Problem #2 Multiplication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Multiplication and Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Concrete Multiplication
Concrete Multiplication 12 x 3   36 3 tens (30 ones) 6 ones
Concrete Multiplication with Regrouping 14 x 3   42 3 tens (30 ones) 12 ones
Develop Distributive Property  Reinforce Base Ten   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
STRUCTURE: 3 Types of Multiplication: 4 x 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Know what you are teaching? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #3  Division of Fractions ,[object Object],[object Object]
Division of Fractions U.S. teacher’s approach Flip and multiply Answers don’t match Confused division by 2 with division by 1/2
Division of Fractions Chinese teacher’s approach Gave mathematically accurate story problem Explained the mathematics behind the operation Gave multiple mathematical constructs for division of fractions
Division of Fractions ,[object Object]
Sharon Griffin Core Image of Mathematics 1 2 Symbols Counting Numbers Quantity “one” “two” “three” +  - 1  2  3 X  =
Prototype for lesson construction Touchable  visual Discussion: Makes sense  Of concept 1 2 Learn to Record these ideas V. Faulkner and DPI Task Force adapted from Griffin Symbols Simply record keeping! Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete Quantity Concrete display of concept
Problem #3  Division of Fractions ,[object Object],[object Object]
Prototype for Lesson Construction 1 2 Symbols Simply record keeping! Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete V. Faulkner and NCDPI Task Force adapted from Griffin Quantity Concrete display of concept
Division as Repeated Subtraction ,[object Object]
For each Cup of Beans—  I get two portions if I divide by 1/2
What if I divide by 1/3? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Division of Fractions:  Measurement Model ,[object Object],[object Object],1 1 3/4 1/2 1/2 1/2 How many ½  cup scoops? How many ½ cup servings? ½ of a ½
Division of Fractions: Bean Party! Division as Repeated Subtraction 1 2 2 ½  / ½   V. Faulkner and DPI Task Force adapted from Griffin “ Why does this constant amount of beans “looks like it is getting bigger”? Division as repeated subtraction Quantity Concrete display of concept Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete Symbols Simply record keeping!
STRUCTURE: 3 Types of Division:  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],If I have 10 cups of beans and I give out 2 cup portions, how many servings will that provide? 10 10 If 2 people find  $10 how much will each person get ? 10 5 ? ? ? 2 2 2 2 2 ?
Let’s Practice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Teaching Operations on Fractions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problem #3  Division of Fractions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rethinking Adding Fractions + x x
Maintaining the value of a quotient ,[object Object]
Maintaining the Value of the Quotient
Maintaining the Value of the Quotient Watch This!!
Teaching Operations on Fractions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Implementation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Manipulatives  and “Magical Hopes” ,[object Object],How do you explain this to a student? 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/12
Prototype for Lesson Construction The Idea of the Unit 1 2 V. Faulkner and NCDPI Task Force adapted from Griffin Quantity Concrete display of concept Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete Symbols Simply record keeping!
Imagine that one of your students comes to class  very excited.  She explains that she has discovered that as the perimeter of a closed figure increases the area also increases.  She shows you a picture to explain what she is doing. P = 16cm A = 16 cm 2   P= 24cm  A = 32cm 2 How would you respond to this student? 4 cm 4 cm 4 cm 8 cm
Area and Perimeter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Area and Perimeter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Perimeter = 16 units Area = 16 square units Perimeter = 24 units Area = 32 square units A Condition in which Student’s Claim is supported
Clarifying the Conditions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Explaining the Conditions ,[object Object],4 4 4 8 8 8 Length Increases Length and Width Increase Original Figure Width Increases 4 8
Explaining the Conditions ,[object Object],4 10 8 3 Case 3 (P=44 A=40) Case 1  (P=30 A=36) Case 2 (P =30 A=56) 12 Perimeter =28 units Area = 40 sq units 20 7 2
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object]
Distributive Property ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Teacher Exploration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Key Factors in the Difference ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Unit 3 jcs mid

  • 1. Teacher Understanding Unit 3 Deborah Ball Deborah Ball’s Website http://www-personal.umich.edu/~dball
  • 2. Defining Issue in Implementation Teacher’s Own Understanding of Mathematics. Liping Ma
  • 3. The Defining Issue in Implementation ---is the teacher’s own understanding of mathematics. Liping Ma
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. 15 - 8 7 0 15 15 - 8 7
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22. 23 x 47 1 2 16 0 2 1 9 1081
  • 23. 23 x 47 21 140 120 800 1081
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 27. Concrete Multiplication 12 x 3 36 3 tens (30 ones) 6 ones
  • 28. Concrete Multiplication with Regrouping 14 x 3 42 3 tens (30 ones) 12 ones
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. Division of Fractions U.S. teacher’s approach Flip and multiply Answers don’t match Confused division by 2 with division by 1/2
  • 34. Division of Fractions Chinese teacher’s approach Gave mathematically accurate story problem Explained the mathematics behind the operation Gave multiple mathematical constructs for division of fractions
  • 35.
  • 36. Sharon Griffin Core Image of Mathematics 1 2 Symbols Counting Numbers Quantity “one” “two” “three” + - 1 2 3 X =
  • 37. Prototype for lesson construction Touchable visual Discussion: Makes sense Of concept 1 2 Learn to Record these ideas V. Faulkner and DPI Task Force adapted from Griffin Symbols Simply record keeping! Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete Quantity Concrete display of concept
  • 38.
  • 39. Prototype for Lesson Construction 1 2 Symbols Simply record keeping! Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete V. Faulkner and NCDPI Task Force adapted from Griffin Quantity Concrete display of concept
  • 40.
  • 41. For each Cup of Beans— I get two portions if I divide by 1/2
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44. Division of Fractions: Bean Party! Division as Repeated Subtraction 1 2 2 ½ / ½ V. Faulkner and DPI Task Force adapted from Griffin “ Why does this constant amount of beans “looks like it is getting bigger”? Division as repeated subtraction Quantity Concrete display of concept Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete Symbols Simply record keeping!
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 50.
  • 51. Maintaining the Value of the Quotient
  • 52. Maintaining the Value of the Quotient Watch This!!
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56. Prototype for Lesson Construction The Idea of the Unit 1 2 V. Faulkner and NCDPI Task Force adapted from Griffin Quantity Concrete display of concept Mathematical Structure Discussion of the concrete Symbols Simply record keeping!
  • 57. Imagine that one of your students comes to class very excited. She explains that she has discovered that as the perimeter of a closed figure increases the area also increases. She shows you a picture to explain what she is doing. P = 16cm A = 16 cm 2 P= 24cm A = 32cm 2 How would you respond to this student? 4 cm 4 cm 4 cm 8 cm
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60.  
  • 61. Perimeter = 16 units Area = 16 square units Perimeter = 24 units Area = 32 square units A Condition in which Student’s Claim is supported
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69.