SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 54
Descargar para leer sin conexión
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
Membrane: Measurement and Modeling
Jef Aernouts
Laboratory of Biomedical Physics (BIMEF)
University of Antwerp

PhD defense
September 24th, 2012
A PhD study

• PhD: Doctor of Philosophy
  - “philosophy” = “love of wisdom”
• PhD in Physics
  - “to understand the behavior of natural phenomena…”




                                                         1
A PhD study

• PhD: Doctor of Philosophy
  - “philosophy” = “love of wisdom”
• PhD in Physics
  - “to understand the behavior of natural phenomena…
    …and to use this knowledge for new technologies”




                                                        2
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
Membrane: Measurement and Modeling




                                        3
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
Membrane: Measurement and Modeling




                                        4
The human ear




       tympanic
       membrane



                  5
Middle ear & tympanic membrane




                                 6
Function of the ear

Convert sound (20-20000 Hz) > nerve activity in our brain




             What is role middle ear?
                                                            7
Role of the middle ear

 Impedance matching
   air
 between air & fluid   fluid




              ?
                               8
Middle ear impedance matching

1. Area ratio




                                  9
Middle ear impedance matching

1. Area ratio
2. Lever action




                                  10
Middle ear impedance matching

1. Area ratio
2. Lever action
3. „Buckling effect‟




                                  11
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
Membrane: Measurement and Modeling




                                        12
Mechanics

• “Behavior of solids when subjected to forces”

  Elasticity

                                       linear
                                                visco-elastic




                              stress
                               F/A
                                                     non-linear

  steel   rubber biological                 strain
                   tissue                      l/l


                                                                13
Mechanics

• “Behavior of solids when subjected to forces”

  Vibrational mechanics




                                   100 Hz
                               (deformation x1e4)




                                  5000 Hz
                               (deformation x4e6)
                                                    14
Why study TM mechanics?

• Middle ear finite element modeling

                                                   tympanic membrane!




          normal
(Aerts J, Aernouts J. 2012)                            reconstructed
                                diseased               (Kelly et al., 2003)
                              (Gan et al., 2009)
                                                                              15
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
Membrane: Measurement and Modeling




                                         16
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
    Membrane: Measurement and Modeling


1. Validation measurements and modeling

2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity

3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity

4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity

5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations




                                                       17
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
    Membrane: Measurement and Modeling


1. Validation measurements and modeling

2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity

3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity

4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity

5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations




                                                       18
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
    Membrane: Measurement and Modeling


1. Validation measurements and modeling

2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity

3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity

4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity

5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations




                                                       19
Human tympanic membrane

- Base diameter: 9 mm
- Apex height: 1.7 mm




                            20
TM elasticity

• Literature: experiments on cut-out strips
  - Erroneous analyses (non-uniform thickness)
  - Difficult specimen clamping
• In my work: experiments on intact samples




                                                 21
Needle indentation

• Approach
  - Apply indentations
  - Measure forces




                         (1) TM, (2): force transducer,
                         (3): piston, (4): LVDT , (5): signal
                         generator, (6): feedback control unit


                                                             22
Needle indentation

• Approach
  - Apply indentations
  - Measure forces


• Sample preparation




                                  23
Needle indentation

• Approach
  - Apply indentations
  - Measure forces


• Sample preparation

• Results
  - Quasi-static




                                  24
Needle indentation

• Approach
  - Apply indentations
  - Measure forces


• Sample preparation

• Results
  - Quasi-static
  - Step




                                  25
monitor



                         camera




                         vaporizer



 sample




mounter
attached
to load
cell
                        piston that
                        drives needle
                 LVDT
Shape measurement

• Moiré profilometry




    Buytaert JAN, Dirckx JJJ. Phase-shifting Moiré topography using optical demodulation
    on liquid crystal matrices. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 2010;48(2):172–181.


                                                                                           27
Shape measurement

• Moiré profilometry




    Buytaert JAN, Dirckx JJJ. Phase-shifting Moiré topography using optical demodulation
    on liquid crystal matrices. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 2010;48(2):172–181.


                                                                                           28
Finite element model

1. Import geometry




                                29
Finite element model

1. Import geometry

2. Mesh geometry




                                30
Finite element model
                          In rest
1. Import geometry

2. Mesh geometry

3. Apply loadings &
   boundary conditions    Indented




                                     31
Finite element model

1. Import geometry

2. Mesh geometry

3. Apply loadings &
   boundary conditions

4. Quasi-static stiffness:
   E = (2.9±1.3) MPa



                                 32
Visco-elastic properties

• Relaxation function in time domain




                                       33
Visco-elastic properties

• Relaxation function in time domain
                          frequency domain




                                              34
Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic
    Membrane: Measurement and Modeling


1. Validation measurements and modeling

2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity

3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity

4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity

5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations




                                                       35
Work at Boston




                 36
TM mechanics at acoustic freqs

• Sample




                                   37
TM mechanics at acoustic freqs
                             front view
• Sample

• Laser Doppler vibrometry
  - Sounds: 100 Hz –
    18 kHz, 80-120 dB
  - Umbo velocity




                                          38
TM mechanics at acoustic freqs

• Sample

• Laser Doppler vibrometry
  - Sounds: 100 Hz –
    18 kHz, 80-120 dB
  - Umbo velocity


• Stroboscopic holography
  - Sounds: 0.5 kHz –
    19 kHz, 80-120 dB
  - Full-field displacement


                                   39
Holography

• Principle

• Digital
  holography
   - CCD
   - Virtual reconstruction:
     hologram before and
     after > deformation
                                 CCD




                                   40
Stroboscopic holography

• Shutter laser beam/
  pulsed laser on specific
  phases

• Both magnitude and phase
  of vibration pattern




                                 41
probe microphone



                  speaker

                                     holography setup




sample




         camera
FE model

• Geometry (from micro-CT)




                             (Aerts Johan, 2012)


                                              43
FE model

• Geometry (from micro-CT)
• Boundary conditions & Loadings




                     sound wave
                                   44
TM transfer function


- Measured with laser Doppler vibrometry:




                                            45
TM transfer function


- Measured with laser Doppler vibrometry:
- Finite element model outcome




                                            46
TM full-field displacement


- Measured with stroboscopic holography:




                                           47
TM full-field displacement


- Measured with stroboscopic holography:
- Finite element outcome




                                           48
TM wave motion




   1000 Hz
(deformation x6e3)



                        7000 Hz
                     (deformation x1e5)




  16000 Hz
(deformation x8e5)

                                          49
TM curvature

• Cochlear load at umbo (tip malleus)
• Natural curved versus artificially flat




                                            50
TM curvature
                           800 Hz – 4 kHz:
• Umbo velocity response   17.5 dB difference




                                                51
General conclusion

• Indentation approach
   - Quasi-static regime (0.001 Hz – 3 Hz)
   - Elastic characterization pars tensa


• Static inflation experiments
   - Elastic characterization pars flaccida


• Stroboscopic holography
   - Acoustic regime (20 Hz – 20 kHz)
   - Vibrational properties tympanic membrane



                                                52
Thanks for your attention!

• Questions? I‟m all ears…




                                   53

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling
(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling
(10) electron spin & angular momentum couplingIbenk Hallen
 
Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)
Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)
Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)Sajjad Ullah
 
Phononics and phononic crystals
Phononics and phononic crystalsPhononics and phononic crystals
Phononics and phononic crystalsvinzilla
 
Giant magnetoresistance ppt
Giant magnetoresistance pptGiant magnetoresistance ppt
Giant magnetoresistance ppttedoado
 
Mossbauer spectra ppt copy
Mossbauer spectra ppt   copyMossbauer spectra ppt   copy
Mossbauer spectra ppt copyJEYADEVI5
 
Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...
Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...
Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...Yan Yan
 
Metal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivity
Metal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivityMetal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivity
Metal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivityPhi Hoàng
 
Band structure
Band structureBand structure
Band structurenirupam12
 
Sputtering process and its types
Sputtering process and its typesSputtering process and its types
Sputtering process and its typesMuhammadWajid37
 
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
 Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)Balsam Ata
 
Characterization of nanopartical
Characterization of nanoparticalCharacterization of nanopartical
Characterization of nanoparticalAmany EL-Hallaq
 
Atomic Force Microscope: Fundamental Principles
Atomic Force Microscope: Fundamental PrinciplesAtomic Force Microscope: Fundamental Principles
Atomic Force Microscope: Fundamental PrinciplesJoy Bhattacharjee
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling
(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling
(10) electron spin & angular momentum coupling
 
Lecture7
Lecture7Lecture7
Lecture7
 
ferromagnetic nanomaterials
ferromagnetic nanomaterialsferromagnetic nanomaterials
ferromagnetic nanomaterials
 
Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)
Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)
Optical band gap measurement by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs)
 
Phononics and phononic crystals
Phononics and phononic crystalsPhononics and phononic crystals
Phononics and phononic crystals
 
Giant magnetoresistance ppt
Giant magnetoresistance pptGiant magnetoresistance ppt
Giant magnetoresistance ppt
 
Quantum Hall Effect
Quantum Hall EffectQuantum Hall Effect
Quantum Hall Effect
 
Mossbauer spectra ppt copy
Mossbauer spectra ppt   copyMossbauer spectra ppt   copy
Mossbauer spectra ppt copy
 
FERRITES
FERRITESFERRITES
FERRITES
 
VSM
VSM VSM
VSM
 
Exchange Bias
Exchange Bias Exchange Bias
Exchange Bias
 
Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...
Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...
Characterization of CVD grown molybdenum disulfide monolayer and exfoliated M...
 
Metal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivity
Metal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivityMetal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivity
Metal Nanoparticles - melting point, color, conductivity
 
Band structure
Band structureBand structure
Band structure
 
domain theroy
domain theroydomain theroy
domain theroy
 
Sputtering process and its types
Sputtering process and its typesSputtering process and its types
Sputtering process and its types
 
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
 Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
 
Characterization of nanopartical
Characterization of nanoparticalCharacterization of nanopartical
Characterization of nanopartical
 
Atomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopyAtomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopy
 
Atomic Force Microscope: Fundamental Principles
Atomic Force Microscope: Fundamental PrinciplesAtomic Force Microscope: Fundamental Principles
Atomic Force Microscope: Fundamental Principles
 

Destacado

Physiology of hearing
Physiology of hearing Physiology of hearing
Physiology of hearing Dr Nilesh Kate
 
PhD Defense slides
PhD Defense slidesPhD Defense slides
PhD Defense slidesKiev Gama
 
Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage: P...
Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage:  P...Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage:  P...
Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage: P...Jef Aernouts
 
Physiology of hearing 21st july 11
Physiology of hearing 21st july 11Physiology of hearing 21st july 11
Physiology of hearing 21st july 11farhan_aq91
 
Physiology of hearing
Physiology of hearingPhysiology of hearing
Physiology of hearingajusarma
 
My Thesis Defense Presentation
My Thesis Defense PresentationMy Thesis Defense Presentation
My Thesis Defense PresentationDavid Onoue
 
Dissertation oral defense presentation
Dissertation   oral defense presentationDissertation   oral defense presentation
Dissertation oral defense presentationDr. Naomi Mangatu
 
How to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a Professional
How to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a ProfessionalHow to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a Professional
How to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a ProfessionalMiriam College
 
Thesis Powerpoint
Thesis PowerpointThesis Powerpoint
Thesis Powerpointneha47
 
Prepare your Ph.D. Defense Presentation
Prepare your Ph.D. Defense PresentationPrepare your Ph.D. Defense Presentation
Prepare your Ph.D. Defense PresentationChristian Glahn
 

Destacado (13)

Physiology of hearing
Physiology of hearing Physiology of hearing
Physiology of hearing
 
PhD Defense slides
PhD Defense slidesPhD Defense slides
PhD Defense slides
 
Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage: P...
Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage:  P...Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage:  P...
Verhaert Innovation Day - Product roadshows in an early development stage: P...
 
Physiology of hearing 21st july 11
Physiology of hearing 21st july 11Physiology of hearing 21st july 11
Physiology of hearing 21st july 11
 
Physiology of hearing by drtbalu
Physiology of hearing by drtbaluPhysiology of hearing by drtbalu
Physiology of hearing by drtbalu
 
Verteidigung
VerteidigungVerteidigung
Verteidigung
 
Physiology of hearing
Physiology of hearingPhysiology of hearing
Physiology of hearing
 
Thesis powerpoint
Thesis powerpointThesis powerpoint
Thesis powerpoint
 
My Thesis Defense Presentation
My Thesis Defense PresentationMy Thesis Defense Presentation
My Thesis Defense Presentation
 
Dissertation oral defense presentation
Dissertation   oral defense presentationDissertation   oral defense presentation
Dissertation oral defense presentation
 
How to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a Professional
How to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a ProfessionalHow to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a Professional
How to Defend your Thesis Proposal like a Professional
 
Thesis Powerpoint
Thesis PowerpointThesis Powerpoint
Thesis Powerpoint
 
Prepare your Ph.D. Defense Presentation
Prepare your Ph.D. Defense PresentationPrepare your Ph.D. Defense Presentation
Prepare your Ph.D. Defense Presentation
 

Similar a PhD defense

Optomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanics
Optomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanicsOptomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanics
Optomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanicsJef Aernouts
 
Study of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overview
Study of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overviewStudy of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overview
Study of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overviewJef Aernouts
 
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdfETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdfmashiur
 
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdfETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdfmashiur
 
Static force curve activity in nanofluidic channels
Static force curve activity in nanofluidic channelsStatic force curve activity in nanofluidic channels
Static force curve activity in nanofluidic channelsJon Zickermann
 
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imagingAbhinaya Luitel
 
Ifu accelerated life test april 2010 - ian soukup
Ifu accelerated life test   april 2010 - ian soukupIfu accelerated life test   april 2010 - ian soukup
Ifu accelerated life test april 2010 - ian soukupcahouser
 
Acoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdf
Acoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdfAcoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdf
Acoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdfSRIJNA SINGH
 
Atomic force microscopy(afm)
Atomic force microscopy(afm) Atomic force microscopy(afm)
Atomic force microscopy(afm) vishal gupta
 
DNA translocation through a nanopore
DNA translocation through a nanoporeDNA translocation through a nanopore
DNA translocation through a nanoporekunyan
 
AFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptx
AFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptxAFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptx
AFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptxPonrajVijayan1
 
UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)
UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)
UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)Peder Larson
 
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.ppt
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.pptATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.ppt
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.pptpramothbeena
 
Atomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopyAtomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopyBEENAT5
 
ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling -
ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling - ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling -
ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling - Aravinda Abeygunawardane
 
111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)
111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)
111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)submarine35
 

Similar a PhD defense (20)

Optomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanics
Optomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanicsOptomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanics
Optomechanical measurement and FE modeling of tympanic membrane mechanics
 
Study of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overview
Study of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overviewStudy of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overview
Study of middle ear mechanics at the Lab of Biomedical Physics: an overview
 
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdfETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
 
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdfETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
ETE444-lec2-atomic_scale_characterization_techniques.pdf
 
Static force curve activity in nanofluidic channels
Static force curve activity in nanofluidic channelsStatic force curve activity in nanofluidic channels
Static force curve activity in nanofluidic channels
 
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging
 
Ifu accelerated life test april 2010 - ian soukup
Ifu accelerated life test   april 2010 - ian soukupIfu accelerated life test   april 2010 - ian soukup
Ifu accelerated life test april 2010 - ian soukup
 
Atomic Force Microscope and its potential use in biology
Atomic Force Microscope and its potential use in biologyAtomic Force Microscope and its potential use in biology
Atomic Force Microscope and its potential use in biology
 
1350 ritter[1]
1350 ritter[1]1350 ritter[1]
1350 ritter[1]
 
Acoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdf
Acoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdfAcoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdf
Acoustic Modal Analaysis Hydrofoils.pdf
 
Atomic force microscopy(afm)
Atomic force microscopy(afm) Atomic force microscopy(afm)
Atomic force microscopy(afm)
 
DNA translocation through a nanopore
DNA translocation through a nanoporeDNA translocation through a nanopore
DNA translocation through a nanopore
 
AFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptx
AFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptxAFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptx
AFM talk ASAS 10dec2015 Jenny to publish.pptx
 
WCCM11 BMG experiments and modelling
WCCM11 BMG experiments and modellingWCCM11 BMG experiments and modelling
WCCM11 BMG experiments and modelling
 
UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)
UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)
UCSF Hyperpolarized MR #4: Acquisition and RF Coils (2019)
 
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.ppt
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.pptATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.ppt
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.ppt
 
Atomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopyAtomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopy
 
Microscopy
MicroscopyMicroscopy
Microscopy
 
ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling -
ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling - ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling -
ICAM3D-2014 BMG experiments and modelling -
 
111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)
111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)
111226 表面分析分組報告(全組)
 

Último

Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxDr. Asif Anas
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxiammrhaywood
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfYu Kanazawa / Osaka University
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxraviapr7
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptxmary850239
 
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptxSlides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptxCapitolTechU
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptxSandy Millin
 

Último (20)

Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic SupportMarch 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
 
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx3.21.24  The Origins of Black Power.pptx
3.21.24 The Origins of Black Power.pptx
 
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptxSlides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
Slides CapTechTalks Webinar March 2024 Joshua Sinai.pptx
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
 

PhD defense

  • 1. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling Jef Aernouts Laboratory of Biomedical Physics (BIMEF) University of Antwerp PhD defense September 24th, 2012
  • 2. A PhD study • PhD: Doctor of Philosophy - “philosophy” = “love of wisdom” • PhD in Physics - “to understand the behavior of natural phenomena…” 1
  • 3. A PhD study • PhD: Doctor of Philosophy - “philosophy” = “love of wisdom” • PhD in Physics - “to understand the behavior of natural phenomena… …and to use this knowledge for new technologies” 2
  • 4. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 3
  • 5. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 4
  • 6. The human ear tympanic membrane 5
  • 7. Middle ear & tympanic membrane 6
  • 8. Function of the ear Convert sound (20-20000 Hz) > nerve activity in our brain What is role middle ear? 7
  • 9. Role of the middle ear Impedance matching air between air & fluid fluid ? 8
  • 10. Middle ear impedance matching 1. Area ratio 9
  • 11. Middle ear impedance matching 1. Area ratio 2. Lever action 10
  • 12. Middle ear impedance matching 1. Area ratio 2. Lever action 3. „Buckling effect‟ 11
  • 13. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 12
  • 14. Mechanics • “Behavior of solids when subjected to forces” Elasticity linear visco-elastic stress F/A non-linear steel rubber biological strain tissue l/l 13
  • 15. Mechanics • “Behavior of solids when subjected to forces” Vibrational mechanics 100 Hz (deformation x1e4) 5000 Hz (deformation x4e6) 14
  • 16. Why study TM mechanics? • Middle ear finite element modeling tympanic membrane! normal (Aerts J, Aernouts J. 2012) reconstructed diseased (Kelly et al., 2003) (Gan et al., 2009) 15
  • 17. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 16
  • 18. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 1. Validation measurements and modeling 2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity 3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity 4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity 5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations 17
  • 19. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 1. Validation measurements and modeling 2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity 3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity 4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity 5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations 18
  • 20. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 1. Validation measurements and modeling 2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity 3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity 4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity 5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations 19
  • 21. Human tympanic membrane - Base diameter: 9 mm - Apex height: 1.7 mm 20
  • 22. TM elasticity • Literature: experiments on cut-out strips - Erroneous analyses (non-uniform thickness) - Difficult specimen clamping • In my work: experiments on intact samples 21
  • 23. Needle indentation • Approach - Apply indentations - Measure forces (1) TM, (2): force transducer, (3): piston, (4): LVDT , (5): signal generator, (6): feedback control unit 22
  • 24. Needle indentation • Approach - Apply indentations - Measure forces • Sample preparation 23
  • 25. Needle indentation • Approach - Apply indentations - Measure forces • Sample preparation • Results - Quasi-static 24
  • 26. Needle indentation • Approach - Apply indentations - Measure forces • Sample preparation • Results - Quasi-static - Step 25
  • 27. monitor camera vaporizer sample mounter attached to load cell piston that drives needle LVDT
  • 28. Shape measurement • Moiré profilometry Buytaert JAN, Dirckx JJJ. Phase-shifting Moiré topography using optical demodulation on liquid crystal matrices. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 2010;48(2):172–181. 27
  • 29. Shape measurement • Moiré profilometry Buytaert JAN, Dirckx JJJ. Phase-shifting Moiré topography using optical demodulation on liquid crystal matrices. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 2010;48(2):172–181. 28
  • 30. Finite element model 1. Import geometry 29
  • 31. Finite element model 1. Import geometry 2. Mesh geometry 30
  • 32. Finite element model In rest 1. Import geometry 2. Mesh geometry 3. Apply loadings & boundary conditions Indented 31
  • 33. Finite element model 1. Import geometry 2. Mesh geometry 3. Apply loadings & boundary conditions 4. Quasi-static stiffness: E = (2.9±1.3) MPa 32
  • 34. Visco-elastic properties • Relaxation function in time domain 33
  • 35. Visco-elastic properties • Relaxation function in time domain  frequency domain 34
  • 36. Mechanical Properties of the Tympanic Membrane: Measurement and Modeling 1. Validation measurements and modeling 2. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars tensa elasticity 3. Gerbil tympanic membrane pars flaccida elasticity 4. Human tympanic membrane elasticity 5. Human tympanic membrane vibrations 35
  • 38. TM mechanics at acoustic freqs • Sample 37
  • 39. TM mechanics at acoustic freqs front view • Sample • Laser Doppler vibrometry - Sounds: 100 Hz – 18 kHz, 80-120 dB - Umbo velocity 38
  • 40. TM mechanics at acoustic freqs • Sample • Laser Doppler vibrometry - Sounds: 100 Hz – 18 kHz, 80-120 dB - Umbo velocity • Stroboscopic holography - Sounds: 0.5 kHz – 19 kHz, 80-120 dB - Full-field displacement 39
  • 41. Holography • Principle • Digital holography - CCD - Virtual reconstruction: hologram before and after > deformation CCD 40
  • 42. Stroboscopic holography • Shutter laser beam/ pulsed laser on specific phases • Both magnitude and phase of vibration pattern 41
  • 43. probe microphone speaker holography setup sample camera
  • 44. FE model • Geometry (from micro-CT) (Aerts Johan, 2012) 43
  • 45. FE model • Geometry (from micro-CT) • Boundary conditions & Loadings sound wave 44
  • 46. TM transfer function - Measured with laser Doppler vibrometry: 45
  • 47. TM transfer function - Measured with laser Doppler vibrometry: - Finite element model outcome 46
  • 48. TM full-field displacement - Measured with stroboscopic holography: 47
  • 49. TM full-field displacement - Measured with stroboscopic holography: - Finite element outcome 48
  • 50. TM wave motion 1000 Hz (deformation x6e3) 7000 Hz (deformation x1e5) 16000 Hz (deformation x8e5) 49
  • 51. TM curvature • Cochlear load at umbo (tip malleus) • Natural curved versus artificially flat 50
  • 52. TM curvature 800 Hz – 4 kHz: • Umbo velocity response 17.5 dB difference 51
  • 53. General conclusion • Indentation approach - Quasi-static regime (0.001 Hz – 3 Hz) - Elastic characterization pars tensa • Static inflation experiments - Elastic characterization pars flaccida • Stroboscopic holography - Acoustic regime (20 Hz – 20 kHz) - Vibrational properties tympanic membrane 52
  • 54. Thanks for your attention! • Questions? I‟m all ears… 53

Notas del editor

  1. Fysicahoudt in: beschrijvennatuurfenomenen, maar ookgebruik van die kennisvoortechnologischeontwikkelingen
  2. Fysicahoudt in: beschrijvennatuurfenomenen, maar ookgebruik van die kennisvoortechnologischeontwikkelingen
  3. Ookligamenten en spiertjes, niet in de figuur
  4. Geenperfecteimpedantie-matching!!!
  5. Geenperfecteimpedantie-matching!!!
  6. Geenperfecteimpedantie-matching!!!
  7. Vanaf nu hier en daarnogaltechnisch/theoretisch, maar duidelijklatenblijkenwanneerikbijvolgende punt komen
  8. Vanaf nu hier en daarnogaltechnisch/theoretisch, maar duidelijklatenblijkenwanneerikbijvolgende punt komen
  9. Vanaf nu hier en daarnogaltechnisch/theoretisch, maar duidelijklatenblijkenwanneerikbijvolgende punt komen
  10. Vanaf nu hier en daarnogaltechnisch/theoretisch, maar duidelijklatenblijkenwanneerikbijvolgende punt komen
  11. Doe je daarvijfjaar over? Zeggennogmeergedaan!