1. Bioenergy systems and sustainable agricultural landscapes:
a doable and reconciling agenda
Weber A. Neves do Amaral, PhD
University of Sao Paulo – Brazil
Visiting Faculty – Fulbright Scholar - UNL
Heartland Transatlantic Conference on Food and Fuels
Lincoln, October 17, 2011
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2. Outline
The multiple roles and functions of agriculture
Bioenergy systems and sustainable agricultural landscapes
Future resarch challenges and opportunties for collaboration – UNL - USP

3. UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
7 Campi

4. Humanity’s Top 10 Problems for Next 50 Years
1. Energy
2. Water
Top 5 associated 3. Food
with Agriculture 4. Environment
5. Poverty
6. Terrorism and War
7. Disease
8. Education
9. Democracy
10. Population
Richard E. Smalley, “Our Energy Challenge”

6. Ethanol custody chain – “Not in the kinder garden”
7 M ha Harvest > 420 mills & distilleries
72 thousand growers 400 M tons (Operation & projects)
ETHANOL SUGAR BAGASSE
27 billion liters 40 million tons
Bioplastic
Ethanol
Derived
Carbon
Food credits
Lysine
Pharmacy
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7. The role of sugarcane – energy suply – by source
(EPE, 2009)
Other Biomass
Sugar Cane
12,4% 14.6%
Hydroelectricity
14,8% Other Renewables
3.0%
Uranium
1,6%
Coal Petroleum and
6,0% Derivatives
Natural Gas 37.9%
9,6%
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8. Sugarcane bagasse complements the hydro-electricity generation in the
winter
Sugarcane and its contribution to the energy matrix/month - 2008
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Jan Fev Mar Abr Mai Jun Jul Ago Set Out Nov Dez
Energia Novas Hidrelétricas Biomassa
Natural
Fonte: UNICA – Etanol e bioeletricidade 7

9. ITAIPU = Sugarcane bagasse in
2015/16
2008: 94,5 TW/H/YEAR

10. Sugarcane plantations are mainly replacing pasture lands – 2/2
opportunity costs and carbon stocks – 85% of new areas
Carbon uptake – t C ha/year
(3 - 8) (22-36)
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11. Land use process: reconciling multiple uses
Food How to integrate Energy
systems systems
these systems at landscape level?
Food Bioenergy
Production Production Forestry
Systems Systems Systems
• Managing landscapes sustainably
• Multiple products with value added and environmental services
• Increase farmer´s income
• Improve GHGs balances of current ethanol´s benchmark
• Reduce the dependence on ethanol´s market price and supply options

12. Innovation for small sugarcane holders: biodiesel production and
cattle confinement: positive impacts on carbon footprint and diversification
at farmers level
Sugarcane at landscape level Farmer´s cooperative multiple role
Biodiesel plant and
cattle confinement

13. BIOREFINERY – beyond sugarcane
An approach for the forestry, pulp and paper industry
AFS wood
debarking
chiping
chips pulping
energetics
Soy bean
jatropha extraction
bark hemicelluloses black liquor
sunflower carbohydrates
cotton
Oil seed
crops fermentation
destilation
biodiesel energy
Ethanol, buthanol
methanol &
pulp
many other products
paper
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14. New technologies and innovation – UNL and University of Sao Paulo
• Improving the productivity at agricultural and industry levels
• Optimizing the use of feedstock: second generation - ligno-cellulosic materials
• Reducing water use and waste generation
• Adding value to ethanol co-products
• Moving towards the full deployment of ethanol chemistry and biorefinaries

15. Brazil is establishing a Cellulosic Ethanol cluster with a significant number of
players...
NON-EXHAUSTIVE
Fund
suppliers
• Research Institutes
2nd
Generation
Suppliers Biofuels
• Universities
Feedstock/
Conversion
UFPE
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16. Biorefinary platforms
Using biological systems to integrate multiple operations
Destilation Cracking Cathalysis Hydrotreatment

17. To better understand some of these opportunities – we can´t afford not
to have… the 5 Cs
Concentration and concerted efforts: focus and scale
Continuity: 30 years of investments worthwhile – the Brazil case
Complementarity: bioenergy sources and expertise – need for an interdisciplinary
approach
Commitment: to make a change
Coordination
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18. Bioenergy and biofuels are not the panacea to solve all energy
problems, but can effectively contribute towards a low carbon
economy scenario in the present and in the near future.

19. Thanks
Contact info
Weber Antonio Neves do Amaral
Email: wanamaral@gmail.com