16. Dr. David Thornburg
Thornburg Center for Space Exploration and
Thornburg Center for Professional Development
Inquiry
STEM as a System
PBL
Simulation
Creativity
Play
Praxis
Mission to Mars
Thornburg Center for
Space Exploration
Organizing Metaphor
Platypus – The Ultimate Multi-Skill Mammal
17. Dr. David Thornburg, Center for Professional
Development. Adapted by Jim Brazell,
VentureRAMP, Inc.
28. “There are kids on Maui
who have never been to
the top of the mountain or
to Hana much less have
they traveled off of the
island.”
http://www.flickr.com/photos/fotographis/528878003/sizes/o/
When I say Maui, do you
think science and
technology or
innovation?
30. “I do not think Maui is any
different than the
mainland…post
industrialization has
placed greater demands
on math and education.”
–Rose Yamada, elder
51. During 1995 Dr. George Kozmetsky in
collaboration with Dr. Murat M. Tanik (was
at UT at the time), Dr. David Gibson, Dr.
Raymond T. Yeh, Dr. C. V. Ramamoorty, and
Dr. Herbert Simon, spearheaded the
establishment of the Society for Design and
Process Science (www.sdpsnet.org) and the
Transactions for the society, as an archival
journal, covering issues “transcending
disciplinary boundaries.”
53. SYSTEMS (Systems in Project
2061), DESIGN (Models in Project
2061), PROCESS (Constancy and
Change in Project 2061), and
METRICS/MEASUREMENTS
(Scale in Project 2061).
Dr. Murat Tanik, University of
Alabama Birmingham
54. Texas Engineering
Mathematics
Target Texas 4x4 – 4th
Year of Math
Unify General Academics and CTE
Connect rigor and relevance
High motivation-TEAMS-Competition
Base for industry support in schools
Moving robotics from 10% penetration to 80% in 5 years
65. In 1994 a single
super computer
with the power
of an X-box did
not exist.
~$100MM
66. $7.5 million project that immerses students in the hectic environment of a hospital's
intensive care unit and places them in a first-person role as a health-care professional.
Funded by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, Pulse!! is being developed by Texas
A&M-Corpus Christi, which in turn hired Hunt Valley (Md.)-based BreakAway to
produce and design the platform. –Business Week
http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/apr2006/id20060410_051875.htm
Pulse!!
67. Case study: Emergency Response
Training, Pjotr van Schothorst
VSTEP BV, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
83. MIT Tech Review, 2005
Sensors
Physical
Chemical
Biological
http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/events/bbl/03102801.pdf , page 16
Actuators
Physical
Chemical
Biological
PhiloMetron™
84. FIRST LEGO®
LEAGUE
Over 80,000 middle-
school students in
34 countries
participate in the
Nano Quest
Challenge.
2006 NANO QUEST CHALLENGE
Elementary
86. The appropriate mathematics to
analyze computing seems to be
systems approach with information
theory, which will provide a
unifying principle for physics,
chemistry, biology, and neuro
science. Brazell and Tanik, October
17, 2010
87. Dr. Jim Bower
UTHSC, UTSA, Bower Labs
“…in neuroscience the
necessary mathematics
for the base of the
computational effort
involves large scale
simulations.”
–James Bower, Ph.D.,
Computational Neuro Biologist,
University of Texas San Antonio
99. Utilities
A California study indicates that peak-rate usage can be shaved by 20
percent if utilities used Automated Meter Reading (ARM) for accurate
pricing information--each megawatt of reduction can equate to $400,000 in
savings per year (Jackson, 2004, p. 1) saving California utilities and
consumers at least $5 billion a year.
http://www.utilitiesproject.com/documents.asp?grID=85&d_ID=2402
More than 25 million AMR
units installed on gas (21
percent), water (11 percent),
and electric utility (16
percent) meters.
200 million units yet to be
changed out to AMR
(Jackson, 2004).
100. Critical Infrastructure
Patent thin-nickel-strip
magneto-strictive sensor
(MsS™). Applicable to
airplanes, ships, plants,
pipelines and bridges.
US 80 billion square feet of commercial and government
facilities and buildings, and more than 100 billion square
feet of dams and bridges (Sensametrics, 2003). One trillion
dollar market (Elgamal).
http://www.swri.org/3pubs/ttoday/fall03/Future.htm
SwRI MsS™
http://www.swri.edu/3pubs/IRD2002/14-9285.htm
101. Security and Process Control
SCADA $3.1 B (2004) to over $4 B (2007).
SCADA security software to grow by 50%
annually through 2007 (Kuykendall, 2004).
RF Modules 1.9 MM units (2004) to climb to
165 MM units (2010) (Legg, 2004).
Industrial wireless sensors $24 MM (2001)
over $100 MM (2008)
(Donoho, 2002).
NovusEDGE
Armida
DevicePoint
108. Cybernetics is the discipline that studies
communication and control in living organisms and in
the machines built by humans. Greek kybernetes
(meaning steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder).
109. Industrial Age
Scientific Management, Training,
Planning and Task Allocation
F.W. Taylor, 1911, Principles of
Scientific Management
Cybernetic Age
Cybernetics "the art of
assuring efficiency of
action" 1958 by Louis
Couffignal.
Communication and
control of living
organisms and machines
through manipulation of
physical, chemical,
biological and
neurological processes,
systems and
environments.
Economic, Historic &
Philosophical Shift
Notion of
Information
Age
111. How CyberPatriot works
• Multi-round competition
– Qualifying rounds are virtual and teams
compete simultaneously
– Teams download VMware images and attempt
to secure them over a given period of time
– Teams connected to centralized scoring
platform
– Teams graded against known solution sets
• Finals held in Orlando and
Washington DC
Cyber Patriot
highschoolcdc.com
113. CyberPatriot III
• Virtual competitions start Nov 2010
• Service Championship in Orlando Feb, 2011
• National Championship in DC April, 2011
• Competitors must be at least 13 years old and in grades 9-
12 (or equivalent if home schooled/in a school that does
not make this distinction) as of September 2011
• Teams must have between 2 and 5 members
• Only 1 team per school per division
• Registration deadline Oct 8, 2010 (or 500 teams)
• $350 team fee for Open division
• 2009 participation: 170+ schools, over 1,000
www.highschoolcdc.com
115. Samuel Palmisano (CEO, IBM): Business Week: 10.11.2004
100 million jobs are going to
be created in a lot of these
cross-disciplinary fields
Council on Competitiveness:
National Innovation Initiative
116. Nanotechnology Fuel Cells Homeland Security
ADM, Hybrid, MEMS,
Computer Forensics
Wireless: M2M Mechatronics
Home Technology
Integration
Biotechnology
Digital Games
TSTC Emerging Technologies
121. Samuel Palmisano (CEO, IBM): Business Week: 10.11.2004
100 million jobs are going to
be created in a lot of these
cross-disciplinary fields
Council on Competitiveness:
National Innovation Initiative
This is today’s workforce.
123. Butler Community College
April 7 to 11, 2008
D-J Engineering
Engineering Design
$50K - $180K
Machinists & Sheet Metal
$22K - $42K
--Razaul A. Chowdhury, President
124. “It used to be the
sledgehammer
mechanic. These days,
the technology has
advanced so much that
our most important tool
is our brain. It is more
of a thinking man’s
game now.”
Jeff Nelson
Service Manager
CAT
Skill Mergers
131. Butler Community College
April 7 to 11, 2008
Frontier El Dorado
Refining Company
Operator
$40K - $60K
Instrumentation
$40K - $60K
Machinist
$40K - $60K
--Bill Kloeblen, Manager
Human Resources
132. Butler Community College
April 7 to 11, 2008
Spirit
AeroSystems
“1,000 workers a
year needed for
the aerospace
cluster… 2,000
plus when we are
on the up side.”
--Jeff Turner,
CEO
133. Wesley Medical Center,
Butler Community College
April 7 to 11, 2008
“…critical decision making skills are what we are looking for…
and every position in the hospital needs basic computer skills.”
Krista Thacker, Manager Staffing Resources, Via Christi, Wichita Health Network
143. STEM, IT, Arts Integration Leaders
US Digital Convergence
Centers
• New York City
• Washington DC MSA
• Central Florida
• San Francisco/Silicon
Valley
• Los Angeles
• San Diego MSA
• Phoenix
• Denver
• Las Vegas
• Austin-San Antonio-
Waco
Global Digital
Convergence Centers
• South Korea
• Finland
• China
• Taiwan
• Sweden
• Denmark
• Germany
• UK
• Israel
• Malaysia
• Japan
Evans, Eliza, Michael Sekora, Alexander Cavalli,
Kinman Chan, Jeeyoung Heo Kenneth Kan,
Yue Kuang, Prakash Mohandas, Xiaoxiang Zhang,
and Jim Brazell. Digital Convergence Initiative:
Creating Sustainable Competitive Advantage in
Texas. San Marcos, Texas: Greater Austin-
San Antonio Corridor Council, 2005.
Full Report: http://www.dcitexas.org/DCI_report.pdf
144. Source: Brazell, Jim, Nicholaus Kim, Honoria Starbuck, Eliza Evans, and Michael Bettersworth.
Gaming: A Technology Forecast, Implications for Texas Community and Technical Colleges
Austin, Texas: Texas State Technical College System and IC2 Institute, University of Texas Austin,
2004. ISBN 0978677358
Table of Contents: http://www.system.tstc.edu/forecasting/reports/dgames.asp
150. Today, Finland’s progressive strategy includes: multi-
disciplinary and multi-industry collaboration to integrate
nano science-, bio science-, information science- and
cognitive science-based research and development (Tieke,
2005, p.9); converging design, art and science in the
contexts of education and human development
(Tahkokallio and Koivusilta, 2004, p.1); national R&D
policy and urban-rural development establishing
connected regional centers of innovation; partnering with
global high tech markets and industries (Embassy of
Switzerland, Beijing, 2005, p.12); and leading the world in
“Public-Private Partnership” (with efforts dating back to
the year of their independence, 1917) (Tieke, 2005, p.12-
15).
170. “We are seeing
high school
technical
programs go out
the window. We
are concerned.
We are worried.”
–Bruce
Mabrito, SwRI
171. Texas Engineering
Mathematics
Target Texas 4x4 – 4th
Year of Math
Unify General Academics and CTE
Connect rigor and relevance
High motivation-TEAMS-Competition
Base for industry support in schools
Moving robotics from 10% penetration to 80% in 5 years
172. Source, DIAC, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CPSR),
Pattern Languages for the 21st
Century, Brazell and Monroe, 2003
175. How CyberPatriot works
• Multi-round competition
– Qualifying rounds are virtual and teams
compete simultaneously
– Teams download VMware images and attempt
to secure them over a given period of time
– Teams connected to centralized scoring
platform
– Teams graded against known solution sets
• Finals held in Orlando and
Washington DC
Cyber Patriot
highschoolcdc.com
177. CyberPatriot III
• Virtual competitions start Nov 2010
• Service Championship in Orlando Feb, 2011
• National Championship in DC April, 2011
• Competitors must be at least 13 years old and in grades 9-
12 (or equivalent if home schooled/in a school that does
not make this distinction) as of September 2011
• Teams must have between 2 and 5 members
• Only 1 team per school per division
• Registration deadline Oct 8, 2010 (or 500 teams)
• $350 team fee for Open division
• 2009 participation: 170+ schools, over 1,000
www.highschoolcdc.com
178.
179. “…newer programs like Pre-
engineering, Biomedical Sciences,
Manufacturing Engineering
Technologies, and Homeland
Security and Emergency
Preparedness are attracting more
and more students.”
Maryland Classroom: CTE: Educating Tomorrow’s
Workforce Today, April 2008
199. Jim Brazell is a technology forecaster, public speaker and strategist focusing on
innovation and transformative systems. He is a member of the Radical Platypus
group and the Thornburg Center for Professional Development.
Jim Brazell is a technology forecaster whose work on video games, wireless
communications, instrumentation, mechatronics and robotics is being recognized
recently for anticipating the future. Jim’s mentor is Dr. (Col., ret.) Francis X. Kane
the military father of the GPS and project forecast—undertaken after the launch of
Sputnik I. Since October 1 of 2010, Jim has delivered speeches to Reliance 21 to
inform US STEM policy for the Department of Defense, the National Career
Pathway Network, the National School Board Association, and the Florida Career
Pathway Network. Jim is known as a boundary spanner and someone who crosses
among economic development, arts and workforce associations as well as the
worlds of educational technology, STEM academic communities of practice and
career and technical education in P-20 systems.
In October of 2009, Jim's comments related to science, technology, engineering
and mathematics (STEM) were heard by the President's Council of Advisors on
Science and Technology (PCAST). Jim is a founding advisory board member of the
Defense Learning Strategies Consortium and is currently working with the Greater
San Antonio Chamber of Commerce Technology Committee Cyber Action Team
focused on Computer-STEM human capital strategy. For the past decade, Jim has
served the Austin-San Antonio Life Science Association, San Antonio-Austin-Waco
Digital Convergence Initiative, the San Antonio Technology Accelerator Initiative,
and the Nano-Bio-Tech Summit
Jim’s 2003-2009 forecasting work performed at the Innovation Creativity and
Capital Institute, University of Texas Austin, anticipates many current and
emerging technologies and jobs relevant to national STEM strategy. Jim is a
member of UT’s Digital Media Collaboratory creating simulations and video games
for national priorities in education, workforce, economic development and defense
since 2003.
Between 2008 and 2010, Jim delivered over 150 speeches to audiences ranging
from the 2009 inaugural NSF High Impact Technology Exchange Conference --
Educating America’s Technical Workforce and the International Conference on
Technology Policy and Innovation on energy policy in Norway in 2008 and on
solutions to the financial crisis in 2009 in Portugal.
In 2010, Jim delivered workshops on transformative systems and what is next for
the joint meeting of the Society for Design and Process Science and the Software
Engineering Society as well as lecturing at the inaugural TRANSDISCIPLINARY-
TRANSNATIONAL-TRANSCULTURAL conference.
Jim’s mission is to catalyze national STEM strategies focused on innovation,
creativity and the arts as a bridge to creating what is next in the human story. Jim
Brazell is a 1995 graduate of Bradley University, Bachelors of Science in Sociology,
Summa Cum Laude. He is a 1995 George Gilder Fellow in High Technology,
Entrepreneurship and Public Policy. At Bradley, Jim was the co-principal
investigator of Interlabs, the sociology of cyberspace course and the social
informatics minor. Jim resides in San Antonio, Texas, with his wife, Lisa Cervantes
and daughter Ava Brazell.
www.jimbrazell.com
200. Transdisciplinary education is practiced in
pockets throughout the United States and the
world. These initiatives are guided by the
following criteria:
(1) STEM proficiency, and particularly technology
proficiency, is now fundamental to every
academic discipline, job, and aspect of civil life;
(2) CTE is for every student and fundamental to
student motivation and performance;
(3) expanding educational equity and equality is a
function of unifying hands-on learning, academic
rigor, and creativity using real-world tools, roles,
and contexts; and
(4) the well-rounded student is ready for college, life,
and career rather than a single track to work and
community college or university.
201. TEAMS Model Schools
Systems of Systems
• High degree of faculty interaction across disciplines
and grades (systems)
• Integrating CTE, Arts and Academics (systems)
• Learning laboratories and worldly experience with
industry-standard tools, processes and problems
(systems)
• Emerging P-20 systems (P-20) -- Sequenced,
integrated and transferable courses HS to CTC to
University (systems)
• Transdisciplinary culture (systems) Context and
frame for learning is real world, purpose driven and
action oriented.
Notas del editor
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8
October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
Defense Secretary Charles Wilson
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8
October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
Ads by GoogleSputnik
Huge selection, great deals on
Sputnik items.
Yahoo.com3D Earth Screensaver
Watch Realistic Animated 3D Earth
On Your Desktop. Free Download!
www.CrawlerTools.com/3DEarth
The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
_____________
Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1310822.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F106174681002B4CEC415A5397277B4DC33E
MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
., all integrated through the design process. The key to success in mechatronics is: modeling, analysis, experimentation & hardware-implementation skills.
Vitruvian Man
Need source
Whyville has its own system of self governance
Vitruvian Man
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/coch.htm
What is a cochlear implant?
Credit: NIH Medical ArtsEar with Cochlear implant. View larger image.A cochlear implant is a small, complex electronic device that can help to provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard-of-hearing. The implant consists of an external portion that sits behind the ear and a second portion that is surgically placed under the skin (see figure). An implant has the following parts:
A microphone, which picks up sound from the environment.
A speech processor, which selects and arranges sounds picked up by the microphone.
A transmitter and receiver/stimulator, which receive signals from the speech processor and convert them into electric impulses.
An electrode array, which is a group of electrodes that collects the impulses from the stimulator and sends them to different regions of the auditory nerve.
An implant does not restore normal hearing. Instead, it can give a deaf person a useful representation of sounds in the environment and help him or her to understand speech.
Top
How does a cochlear implant work?
A cochlear implant is very different from a hearing aid. Hearing aids amplify sounds so they may be detected by damaged ears. Cochlear implants bypass damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulate the auditory nerve. Signals generated by the implant are sent by way of the auditory nerve to the brain, which recognizes the signals as sound. Hearing through a cochlear implant is different from normal hearing and takes time to learn or relearn. However, it allows many people to recognize warning signals, understand other sounds in the environment, and enjoy a conversation in person or by telephone.
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Who gets cochlear implants?
Credit: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Children and adults who are deaf or severely hard-of-hearing can be fitted for cochlear implants. According to the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) 2005 data, nearly 100,000 people worldwide have received implants. In the United States, roughly 22,000 adults and nearly 15,000 children have received them.
Adults who have lost all or most of their hearing later in life often can benefit from cochlear implants. They often can associate the sounds made through an implant with sounds they remember. This may help them to understand speech without visual cues or systems such as lipreading or sign language.
Cochlear implants, coupled with intensive postimplantation therapy, can help young children to acquire speech, language, developmental, and social skills. Most children who receive implants are between two and six years old. Early implantation provides exposure to sounds that can be helpful during the critical period when children learn speech and language skills. In 2000, the FDA lowered the age of eligibility to 12 months for one type of cochlear implant.
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How does someone receive a cochlear implant?
Use of a cochlear implant requires both a surgical procedure and significant therapy to learn or relearn the sense of hearing. Not everyone performs at the same level with this device. The decision to receive an implant should involve discussions with medical specialists, including an experienced cochlear-implant surgeon. The process can be expensive. For example, a person’s health insurance may cover the expense, but not always. Some individuals may choose not to have a cochlear implant for a variety of personal reasons. Surgical implantations are almost always safe, although complications are a risk factor, just as with any kind of surgery. An additional consideration is learning to interpret the sounds created by an implant. This process takes time and practice. Speech-language pathologists and audiologists are frequently involved in this learning process. Prior to implantation, all of these factors need to be considered.
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What does the future hold for cochlear implants?
With advancements in technology and continued follow-up studies with people who already have received implants, researchers are evaluating how cochlear implants might be used for other types of hearing loss.
NIDCD is supporting research to improve upon the benefits provided by cochlear implants. It may be possible to use a shortened electrode array, inserted into a portion of the cochlea, for individuals whose hearing loss is limited to the higher frequencies. Other studies are exploring ways to make a cochlear implant convey the sounds of speech more clearly. Researchers also are looking at the potential benefits of pairing a cochlear implant in one ear with either another cochlear implant or a hearing aid in the other ear.
Cybernetics is a theory of the communication and control of regulatory feedback. The term cybernetics stems from the Greek kybernetes (meaning steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder). Cybernetics is the discipline that studies communication and control in living beings and in the machines built by humans.
A more philosophical definition, suggested in 1958 by Louis Couffignal, one of the pioneers of cybernetics in the 1930s, considers cybernetics as "the art of assuring efficiency of action" (see external links for reference).
While there are different ways of defining telematics, market research firm VDC estimates that consumption of automotive navigation and driver information systems was approximately $655 million in 2002 and forecasts this market to grow to $1.7 billion in 2006.” (VDC, n.d., p. 1).
Parks Associates estimates that the automobile telematics market will grow from $2.7 billion in 2001 to $10.7 billion in 2005, while Allied Business Intelligence estimates that the US telematics market for personal vehicles will grow to $13 billion in 2006” (GartnerG2, 2002, p. 1).
More than 25 million AMR units installed on gas (21 percent), water (11 percent), and electric utility (16 percent) meters. 9 million units shipped in 2002 with a total meter market of 200 million units yet to be changed out to AMR (Jackson, 2004, p. 1).
A California study indicates that peak-rate usage can be shaved by 20 percent if utilities used Automated Meter Reading (ARM) for accurate pricing information--each megawatt of reduction can equate to $400,000 in savings per year (Jackson, 2004, p. 1) saving California utilities and consumers at least $5 billion a year.
The current deployment of wireless instruments for SHM is very limited; however, the market potential is very large. The civil infrastructure of the US includes nearly 80 billion square feet of commercial and government facilities and buildings, and more than 100 billion square feet of dams and bridges. Most of these assets are exposed and sparsely monitored for rapid and reliable assessment of vulnerabilities and detection of damage (Sensametrics, 2003, p. 1).
Rehabilitation, renewal, replacement and maintenance of this infrastructure is estimated to require expenditures of at least one trillion dollars nationwide (Elgamal, et al, n.d., p. 1). Sensametrics has calculated the aggregate market potential to be $50 billion” (Technology Ventures Corporation, n.d., p. 1).
Wireless M2M sensor networks and process control systems are expected to be areas of significant growth. Demand for Radio Frequency (RF) Modules used for industrial monitoring and control was approximately 1.9 million units in 2004 and is expected to climb to 165 million units in 2010 (Legg, 2004, p.1).
Market research firm Frost & Sullivan has projected the industrial wireless sensors market to move from $24 million in 2001 to over $100 million in annual sales in 2008 (Donoho, 2002, p. 1). Further, “the market for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are projected to grow from $3.1 billion in 2004 to over $4 billion by 2007. As most M2M networks lack adequate security, the SCADA security software market is expected to grow by 50% annually through 2007” (Kuykendall, 2004, p. 1).
Cybernetics is a theory of the communication and control of regulatory feedback. The term cybernetics stems from the Greek kybernetes (meaning steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder). Cybernetics is the discipline that studies communication and control in living beings and in the machines built by humans.
A more philosophical definition, suggested in 1958 by Louis Couffignal, one of the pioneers of cybernetics in the 1930s, considers cybernetics as "the art of assuring efficiency of action" (see external links for reference).
Taylorism
F. W. Taylor & Scientific Management
Mr. Bill's Preface: In October 1995, there was an extended and at times intense discussion in the Quality E-Mail forum on "Scientific Management" and Frederick W. Taylor. At one point Vincenzo Sandrone submitted a post on the subject that the forum moderator deemed appropriate to the discussion, but to long to be posted to the list. What he did was post a notice to the list that the paper was available from Mr. Sandrone via private E-Mail. What follows is that paper posted on this site with permission of the author. The paper will form part of an undergraduate thesis entitled "Total Quality Engineering - A Holistic Approach to Engineering Management" to be submitted in 1996 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a BE in Manufacturing Engineering at the University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Mr. Sandrone's source for quotes is:
Taylor Frederick W., 1964, Scientific Management - Comprising Shop Management, The principles of Scientific Management and Testimony before the Special House Committee, Harper and Row All the quotes are from 'Scientific Management' this needs to be highlighted as the edition restarted page numbers for each separate section. That is, page numbers are not unique. Please address any comments or critique to Mr. Sandrone.
Regards, Mr. Bill
================================================================== With all the discussion of Taylorism on the list and arguments that both sides did not have the facts, I have decided I may be able to provide some information. I have included a copy of the section on Taylorism from my in process Undergraduate Thesis. I hope that it may help put some facts into the discussion. Looking over the section I have realized that it contained the highest density of direct quotes in my thesis. I feel this was my subconscious way of fighting the, what I considered, misinformation that I had received about Taylorism. Unfortunately I could not find a "definition" of science as applied in Scientific method. However, I would like to make two points: 1) Taylor did not call his original paper "Scientific management" and by the time he published it the name had stuck and his publisher changed the name. (I cannot recall the name of his original paper.) 2) He sort of defines "Scientific Management" by saying what it is not - It is not "Rule of Thumb" when you consider that piece work based on arbitrary quotas ( and heavily biased to the employer) was normal practice. The use of work study/measurement to determine a fair quota was a step forward for both management and the workers. Vincenzo Sandrone QA Engineer GEC Marconi Systems Meadowbank (Sydney), Australia vxsand@gecms.com.au ============================================================== Taylorism Under Taylor's management system, factories are managed through scientific methods rather than by use of the empirical "rule of thumb" so widely prevalent in the days of the late nineteenth century when F. W. Taylor devised his system and published "Scientific Management" in 1911. The main elements of the Scientific Management are [1] : "Time studies Functional or specialized supervision Standardization of tools and implements Standardization of work methods Separate Planning function Management by exception principle The use of "slide-rules and similar time-saving devices" Instruction cards for workmen Task allocation and large bonus for successful performance The use of the 'differential rate' Mnemonic systems for classifying products and implements A routing system A modern costing system etc. etc. " Taylor called these elements "merely the elements or details of the mechanisms of management" He saw them as extensions of the four principles of management.[2] 1. The development of a true science 2. The scientific selection of the workman 3. The scientific education and development of the workman 4. Intimate and friendly cooperation between the management and the men. Taylor warned [3] of the risks managers make in attempting to make change in what would presently be called, the culture, of the organization. He stated the importance of management commitment and the need for gradual implementation and education. He described "the really great problem" involved in the change "consists of the complete revolution in the mental attitude and the habits of all those engaged in the management, as well of the workmen." [4] Taylor taught that there was one and only one method of work that maximized efficiency. "And this one best method and best implementation can only be discovered or developed through scientific study and analysis... This involves the gradual substitution of science for 'rule of thumb' throughout the mechanical arts." [5] "Scientific management requires first, a careful investigation of each of the many modifications of the same implement, developed under rule of thumb; and second, after time and motion study has been made of the speed attainable with each of these implements, that the good points of several of them shall be unified in a single standard implementation, which will enable the workman to work faster and with greater easy than he could before. This one implement, then is the adopted as standard in place of the many different kinds before in use and it remains standard for all workmen to use until superseded by an implement which has been shown, through motion and time study, to be still better." [6] An important barrier to use of scientific management was the limited education of the lower level of supervision and of the work force. A large part of the factory population was composed of recent immigrants who lacked literacy in English. In Taylor's view, supervisors and workers with such low levels of education were not qualified to plan how work should be done. Taylor's solution was to separate planning from execution. "In almost all the mechanic arts the science which underlies each act of each workman is so great and amounts to so much that the workman who is best suited to actually doing the work is incapable of fully understanding this science.." [7] To apply his solution, Taylor created planning departments, staffed them with engineers, and gave them the responsibility to: Develop scientific methods for doing work. Establish goals for productivity. Establish systems of rewards for meeting the goals. Train the personnel in how to use the methods and thereby meet the goals. Perhaps the key idea of Scientific management and the one which has drawn the most criticism was the concept of task allocation. Task allocation [8] is the concept that breaking task into smaller and smaller tasks allows the determination of the optimum solution to the task. "The man in the planning room, whose specialty is planning ahead, invariably finds that the work can be done more economically by subdivision of the labour; each act of each mechanic, for example, should be preceded by various preparatory acts done by other men." [9] The main argument against Taylor is this reductionist approach to work dehumanizes the worker. The allocation of work "specifying not only what is to be done but how it is to done and the exact time allowed for doing it" [10] is seen as leaving no scope for the individual worker to excel or think. This argument is mainly due to later writing rather than Taylor's work as Taylor stated "The task is always so regulated that the man who is well suited to his job will thrive while working at this rate during a long term of years and grow happier and more prosperous, instead of being overworked." [11] Taylor's concept of motivation left something to be desired when compared to later ideas. He methods of motivation started and finished at monetary incentives. While critical of the then prevailing distinction of "us "and "them" between the workforce and employers he tried to find a common ground between the working and managing classes. "Scientific Management has for its foundation the firm conviction that the true interests of the two are one and the same; that prosperity for the employer cannot exist a long term of years unless it is accompanied by prosperity for the employee [sic], and vice versa .." [12] However, this emphasis on monetary rewards was only part of the story. Rivalry between the Bethlehem and Pittsburgh Steel plants led to the offer from Pittsburgh of 4.9 cents per ton against Bethlehem's rate of 3.2 cents per day to the ore loaders. The ore loaders were spoken to individually and their value to the company reinforced and offers to re-hire them at any time were made. The majority of the ore loaders took up the Pittsburgh offers. Most had returned after less than six weeks. [13] The rates at Pittsburgh were determined by gang rates. Peer pressure from the Pittsburgh employees to not work hard meant that the Bethlehem workers actually received less pay than at Bethlehem. Two of the Bethlehem workers requested to be placed in a separate gang, this was rejected by management for the extra work required by management to keep separate record for each worker. Taylor places the blame squarely on management and their inability "to do their share of the work in cooperating with the workmen." [14] Taylor's attitudes towards workers were laden with negative bias "in the majority of cases this man deliberately plans to do as little as he safely can." [15] The methods that Taylor adopted were directed solely towards the uneducated. "When he tells you to pick up a pig and walk, you pick it up and walk, and when he tells you to sit down and rest, you sit down. You do that right through the day. And what's more, no back talk". This type of behaviour towards workers appears barbaric in the extreme to the modern reader, however, Taylor used the example of Schmidt at the Bethlehem Steel Company to test his theories. Taylor admits "This seems rather rough talk. And indeed it would be if applied to an educated mechanic, or even an intelligent labourer." [17] The fact that Taylor took the effort to firstly know the workers name and to cite it is some indication that he empathized with the workforce. This study improved the workrate of Schmidt from 12.5 tons to 47.5 tons per day showing the worth of Scientific Management. The greatest abuse of Scientific Management has come from applying the techniques without the philosophy behind them. It is obvious from Taylor's own observations that the above discussion would be misplaced in other workers. Taylor acknowledged the potential for abuse in his methods. "The knowledge obtained from accurate time study, for example, is a powerful implement, and can be used, in one case to promote harmony between workmen and the management, by gradually educating, training, and leading the workmen into new and better methods of doing the work, or in the other case, it may be used more or less as a club to drive the workmen into doing a larger day's work for approximately the same pay that they received in the past." [17] Scientific Study and standardization were important parts of the Scientific Management. One example, was the study undertaken to determine the optimum shovel load for workers. The figure of 21 pounds [18] was arrived at by the study. To ensure that this shovel load was adhered to, a series of different shovels were purchased for different types of material. Each shovel was designed to ensure that only 21 pounds could be lifted. This stopped the situation where "each shoveller owned his own shovel, that he would frequently go from shoveling ore, with a load of about 30 pounds per shovel, to handling rice coal, with a load on the same shovel of less than 4 pounds. In the one case, he was so overloaded that it was impossible for him to do a full day's work, and in the other case he was so ridiculously under-loaded that it was manifestly impossible to even approximate a day's work." [19] Taylor spent a considerable amount of his books in describing "soldiering" the act of 'loafing' both at an individual level and "systematic soldiering". He described the main reasons that workers were not performing their work at the optimum. Though worded in a patronizing way the essence of the descriptions are still valid. [20] The belief that increased output would lead to less workers. Inefficiencies within the management control system such as poorly designed incentive schemes and hourly pay rates not linked to productivity Poor design of the performance of the work by rule-of-thumb The fear of redundancies within the workforce was a valid argument during the previous style of management. Taylor not only countered this argument by using economic arguments of increased demand due to decreased pricing but put forward the idea of sharing the gains with the workforce. Taylor saw the weaknesses of piece work in the workers reactions to gradual decreases in the piece rate as the worker produced more pieces by working harder and/or smarter. The worker then is determined to have no more reduction in rate by "soldiering". This deception leads to an antagonistic view of management and a general deterioration of the worker/management relationship. Taylor also was a strong advocate of worker development. It follows that the most important object of both the workman and the establishment should be the training and development of each individual in the establishment, so that he can do ( at his fastest pace and with the maximum of efficiency) the highest class of work for which his natural abilities for him." [21] Taylor's ideas on management and workers speaks of justice for both parties. "It (the public) will no longer tolerate the type of employer who has his eyes only on dividends alone, who refuses to do his share of the work and who merely cracks the whip over the heads of his workmen and attempts to drive them harder work for low pay. No more will it tolerate tyranny on the part of labour which demands one increase after another in pay and shorter hours while at the same time it becomes less instead of more efficient."[22] Taylor's system was widely adopted in the United States and the world. Although the Taylor system originated in the factory production departments, the concept of separating planning from execution was universal in nature and, hence, had potential application to other areas: production support services offices operations service industries. Management's new responsibilities were extended to include: [23] Replacing the old rule-of-thumb with scientific management Scientifically select and train, teach and develop the workman "Heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure[sic] all the work being done in accordance with the principles of the science which has been developed" Take over the work for which they are "better fitted" than the workmen. Relationship between Taylorism and TQM Taylor's more general summary of the principles of Scientific Management are better suited for inclusion into the TQM methodology, than the narrow definitions. "It is no single element , but rather the this whole combination, that constitutes Scientific Management, which may be summarized as: Science, not rule of thumb Harmony, not discord Cooperation, not individualism Maximum output in place of restricted output The development of each man to his greatest efficiency and prosperity" [24] Much has happened, since Taylor developed his method of Scientific Management, to make obsolete the premises on which he based his concepts: Lack of education is no longer reason enough to separate the planning function The balance of power between managers and the work force has changed. Where in Taylor's time it was heavily weighted against the workers. Unionism (or the threat of it) has profoundly changed that balance. Changes in the climate of social thinking. Revolts against the "dehumanizing" of work. A basic tenet of Scientific management was that employees were not highly educated and thus were unable to perform any but the simplest tasks. Modern thought is that all employees have intimate knowledge of job conditions and are therefore able to make useful contributions. Rather than dehumanizing the work and breaking the work down into smaller and smaller units to maximize efficiency without giving thought to the job satisfaction of the working. Encouragement of work based teams in which all workers may contribute. Such contributions increase worker morale, provide a sense of ownership, and improve management-worker relations generally. References 1. Scientific Management, pg 129-130 2. Scientific Management, pg 130 3. Scientific Management, pg 131 4. Scientific Management, pg 131 5. Scientific Management, pg 25 6. Scientific Management, pg 119 7. Scientific Management, pp 25-25 8. Scientific Management, pg 39 9. Scientific Management, pg 38 10. Scientific Management, pg 39 11. Scientific Management, pg 39 12. Scientific Management, pg 10 13. Scientific Management, pg 75 14. Scientific Management, pg 77 15. Scientific Management, pg 13 16. Scientific Management, pg 46 17. Scientific Management, pp 133-134 18. Scientific Management, pg 66 19. Scientific Management, pg 67 20. Scientific Management, pg 23 21. Scientific Management, pg 12 22. Scientific Management, pg 139 23. Scientific Management, pg 36 24. Scientific Management, pg 140 Vincenzo Sandrone QA Engineer GEC Marconi Systems Meadowbank (Sydney), Australia vxsand@gecms.com.au An [email_address] Internet publication. December 10, 1995
Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition
College level cyber competition
Sponsored by industry and academic partners
2010 participation: 86 schools, over 600 students
Multi-stage competition with finals in San Antonio
Defensive in nature
for more info
Cybernetics is a theory of the communication and control of regulatory feedback. The term cybernetics stems from the Greek kybernetes (meaning steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder). Cybernetics is the discipline that studies communication and control in living beings and in the machines built by humans.
A more philosophical definition, suggested in 1958 by Louis Couffignal, one of the pioneers of cybernetics in the 1930s, considers cybernetics as "the art of assuring efficiency of action" (see external links for reference).
Vitruvian Man
We have a lot of competition
DCI is not unique in this mission. There are many strong competitors out there. Descriptions of some of the strengths of these regions available in DCI report available on line.
Korean “Information Society” development date back to the 1980’s, however, Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) use and production in the past has been associated with equipment, rather than knowledge-intensive production and services such as software, biotechnology, new media and information services (Hwang, Hur and Choi, 2004, p.11) (Korea National Computerization Agency, 2004, p.7) (Wong, 2004, p.1). A new phase of public-private partnership including programs such as “Cyber Korea 21”, “e-Korea Vision 2006”, and “Broadband IT KOREA VISION 2007” aims to make Korea the leading exporter of knowledge-intensive production in the world (Korea National Computerization Agency, 2004, p.7) (The Korea Times in Swiss Talents, 2004, p.1). This new phase is marked by a transition to integrating convergent information services into the fabric of society, industry, government and education; pioneering the development of technologies, products, services and knowledge-based exports; and supporting the formation and development of new convergence companies.
Defense, Aerospace, Homeland Security, Information Technology, Microelectronics, Modeling, Simulation and Training, Video Games, Optics/Photonics, New Media/Film and Medical Technologies5
LATIN RENISSANCE – George Cisneros
Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition
College level cyber competition
Sponsored by industry and academic partners
2010 participation: 86 schools, over 600 students
Multi-stage competition with finals in San Antonio
Defensive in nature
for more info
Defense Secretary Charles Wilson
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
LG SPUT IMAGE
« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8
October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »
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The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
___________________
www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
TOP of LAUNCH
IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
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Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/GPN-2000-001876.jpg
Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
http://whyfiles.org/194spa_travel/images/mars.gif
Moon
http://www.rc-astro.com/php/phpthumb/cache/phpThumb_cache_rc-astro.com_srcfadbb9057f0dac8e921d1bffc3590ce0_par0ddf367c5f01d9ba090bf356b6761f52_dat1168633826.jpeg
Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
___________
Tito
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MIR
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/images/inset-LucidS-5-large.jpg
http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
The once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to fly like Superman can now be yours. Train with an expert coach, board our specially modified aircraft, G-FORCE ONE, and experience the unforgettable.
Experience zero gravity the only way possible without going to space. Parabolic flight is the same method NASA has used to train its astronauts for the last 45 years and the same way Tom Hanks floated in Apollo 13.
Book a seat on one of our regular flights conveniently based in Las Vegas, Nevada and at the Kennedy Space Center, near Orlando, Florida. The aircraft is also available for charter flights anywhere in the United States for groups, incentive trips, parties or team building.
http://todayinspacehistory.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/october-4-1957-the-russians-launch-sputnik/
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« October 3, 1962 - Sigma 7 launches into orbit, Mercury-Atlas 8October 5, 1929 - Astronaut Richard Gordon, Jr., is born »October 4, 1957 - the Russian’s launch Sputnik
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The modern space age was birthed on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet’s launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, Sputnik.
Wikipedia says:
“Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957. The satellite was 58 cm (about 23 in) in diameter and weighed approximately 83.6 kg (about 183 lb). Each of its elliptical orbits around the Earth took about 96 minutes. Monitoring of the satellite was done by Amateur radio operators. The first long-range flight of the R-7 booster used to launch it had occurred on August 21 and was described in Aviation Week. Sputnik 1 was not visible from Earth but the casing of the R-7 booster, traveling behind it, was.”
Quotes:
“Both countries [Russia and the United States] knew that preeminence in space was a condition of their national security. That conviction gave both countries a powerful incentive to strive and compete. The Soviets accomplished many important firsts, and this gave us a great incentive to try harder.
The space program also accomplished another vital function in that it kept us out of a hot war. It gave us a way to compete technologically, compete as a matter of national will. It may have even prevented World War III, with all the conflict and fighting focused on getting to the moon first, instead of annihilating each other. There’s no evidence of that, but as eyewitness to those events, I think that’s what happened.”
- American astronaut Scott Carpenter quoted in Into that Silent Sea (p. 138).
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www.globalsecurity.org/.../imint/u-2_tt.htm
U-2 Product
SS-6 / Sputnik Launch Pad, Baikonur
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IMAGE
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
However, another event that occurred in the Soviet Union in 1960 is generally recognized as the single greatest disaster in the history of rocketry. The event was not directly related to manned space flight, but to the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). In the early days of space flight, both the US and Soviet space programs were very much intertwined with the development of ICBMs. These vehicles were designed to launch nuclear warheads over great distances, leaving no part of the world safe from the threat of nuclear destruction. However, the technologies pioneered for these weapons of war served a secondary purpose of providing the first generation of rockets for space exploration.
Sputnik on the launch pad being prepared for liftoff
In fact, the early flights of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin in the USSR as well as those of Explorer I and John Glenn in the US were all conducted using modified ballistic missiles. The primary Soviet launch vehicle of the period was the R-7 rocket, modified versions of which are still used even today for most Russian space flights. The R-7 was originally developed as an ICBM under the direction of Sergei Korolev, the Soviet Union's pre-eminent rocket designer of the day. The R-7 successfully completed a number of test flights between 1957 and 1959, including launching the first two artificial satellites. While only four examples of the R-7 were ever deployed as ballistic missiles from 1960 to 1968, the same basic design has remained in use throughout the Russian space program. Modern variants of the R-7 continue to launch satellites as well as manned Soyuz flights, and the type had achieved a success rate of nearly 98% in over 1,600 launches by the year 2000.
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Apollo 17
http://www.phys.ncku.edu.tw/~astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap031109.html
Apollo 17 _ 1
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Apollo 17 _ 2
Apollo 17 launch, December 17, 1972:
http://xpda.com/junkmail/junk162/junk162.htm
Mars
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Moon
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Kennedy
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.gif
November 21, 1963
Dedication Ceremony of the New Facilities of the School of
Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas
http://www.historicaldocuments.com/JohnFKennedysLastSpeech.htm
SPACE TEAMS
MCD
KANE
Toursit
Russian
http://science.qj.net/Microsoft-billionaire-joins-ISS-bound-Russian-space-flight/pg/49/aid/88814
U.S. software mogul Charles Simonyi became the world's fifth space tourist - "space flight participant," as officials call them - to go into orbit. Simonyi, who helped developed Microsoft Word, paid US$ 25M for the opportunity to join the crew of the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-10.
The 58-year-old Hungary-born billionaire is making a 12-day round trip to the International Space Station (ISS). Joining him on the trip were Russian cosmonauts Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov of the 15th ISS crew. The spacecraft Simonyi and the Russian cosmonauts lifted off from the Bainokur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 11:31 P.M. local time (1:31 P.M. EDT). They are due to dock with the ISS on Monday.
Simonyi will be treating the current occupants of the ISS to a gourmet meal three days after arriving at the space station. The meal will be held in honor of Cosmonauts' Day, the Russian holiday commemorating Yuri Gagarin's historic 1961 space flight. Everybody else mentioned who prepared the meal so we won't. Suffice to say, she's famous, knows her way around a house, and looked good in orange.
In this Associated Press photo: In this image made from NASA-TV, U.S. billionaire Charles Simonyi, front row right, flips upside down during a news conference after he, Fyodor Yurchikhin, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, front center, docked at the international space station Monday, April 9, 2007. A Russian-built Soyuz capsule carrying the American billionaire who helped develop Microsoft Word docked at the international space station late Monday, to the earthbound applause of Martha Stewart and others at Mission Control. In the back row, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria can be seen. (AP Photo/NASA TV)
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Tito
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MIR
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http://csatweb.csatolna.hu/tagok/csa/mars/rover.jpg
RICHS TECHNOLOGY CAMERA - BODY
HAWKING
http://gozerog.com/images/Hawking_001.jpg
Public Domain. Suggested credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration via pingnews.
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Noted physicist Stephen Hawking (center) enjoys zero gravity during a flight aboard a modified Boeing 727 aircraft owned by Zero Gravity Corp. (Zero G). Hawking, who suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) is being rotated in air by (right) Peter Diamandis, founder of the Zero G Corp., and (left) Byron Lichtenberg, former shuttle payload specialist and now president of Zero G. Kneeling below Hawking is Nicola O'Brien, a nurse practitioner who is Hawking's aide. At the celebration of his 65th birthday on January 8 this year, Hawking announced his plans for a zero-gravity flight to prepare for a sub-orbital space flight in 2009 on Virgin Galactic's space service. Additional information from source:
No copyright protection is asserted for this photograph. If a recognizable person appears in this photograph, use for commercial purposes may infringe a right of privacy or publicity. It may not be used to state or imply the endorsement by NASA employees of a commercial product, process or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if this photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion, layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release.
Source Physicist Stephen Hawking in Zero Gravity (NASA)
Date April 27, 2007 at 22:11
Zero Gravity's price tag for the daylong tour is $2,950, which includes preflight training and a postflight party.
From the Go Zero G Website:
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