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Essentials of Geology 3 rd  Edition   Chapter 4   Norton Media Library
Up from the Inferno:  Magma and Igneous Rocks Prepared by: Ronald Parker ,  Senior Geologist   Fronterra Geosciences Houston, Oklahoma City, Denver, Anchorage, Dallas, Midland, Aberdeen, Vienna, Buenos Aires, Neuquén www.fronterrageosciences.com
Igneous Rocks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Igneous Rocks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Igneous Rocks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sources of Heat  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Formation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Formation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Formation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Addition of Volatiles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Formation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Magma Made of?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Magma Made of?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Compositions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Compositions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Type Density Temperature Viscosity Felsic Very low Very low (600 to 850 ° C) Very High: Explosive eruptions. Intermediate Low Low High: Explosive eruptions. Mafic High High Low: thin, hot runny eruptions. Ultramafic Very high Very high (up to 1300 ° C) Very low.
Magma Variation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Variation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Partial Melting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Assimilation
Magma Mixing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Migration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Migration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Magma Migration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cooling Rates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fractional Crystallization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The original melt is mafic. As early-formed minerals settle, the melt becomes more felsic.
Fractional Crystallization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bowen’s Reaction Series ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Igneous Environments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Extrusive Settings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Extrusive Settings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intrusive Settings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intrusive Settings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intrusive Activity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tabular Intrusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tabular Intrusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tabular Intrusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tabular Intrusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plutonic Activity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plutonic Activity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intrusive and Extrusive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intrusive and Extrusive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Influence on Landscape ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Igneous Textures  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Fragmental texture Interlocking or crystalline texture Glassy texture
Crystalline Igneous Textures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Crystalline Textures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Igneous Classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Type Aphanitic (fine) Phaneritic (coarse) Felsic Rhyolite Granite Intermediate Andesite Diorite Mafic Basalt Gabbro Ultramafic Very high Very high (up to 1300 ° C) A B A B C2 C1 C2 C1
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Crystalline Classification
Pegmatites ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Glassy Textures
Glassy Classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fragmental Textures ,[object Object],[object Object]
Fragmental Classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Igneous Activity Distribution ,[object Object]
W. W. Norton & Company Independent and Employee-Owned ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Chapter 4 igneous rocks

  • 1. Essentials of Geology 3 rd Edition Chapter 4 Norton Media Library
  • 2. Up from the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks Prepared by: Ronald Parker , Senior Geologist Fronterra Geosciences Houston, Oklahoma City, Denver, Anchorage, Dallas, Midland, Aberdeen, Vienna, Buenos Aires, Neuquén www.fronterrageosciences.com
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