1.  Biology 120
 Chapter 13: Special Senses: The Eye
and Ear
 By Juliet Lutakome-Nambiro

2. Anatomy of the Ear
Figure 13.13 Anatomy of the ear.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, 3/E ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc.
Bonnie F. Fremgen Pearson Prentice Hall
Suzanne S. Frucht Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

3. Abbreviations:
1. Pressure equalizing
tube (PE tube)
 Small tube surgically placed in
a child’s eardrum to assist in
drainage of trapped fluid and
to equalize pressure between
the middle ear cavity and the
atmosphere.

4. Contd.
 2. eye, ear, nose and throat (EENT)

5. Contd.
3. bone conduction
(BC)
 Bone conduction is the
conduction of sound
waves to the inner ear
through the bones of
the skull.

6. Contd.
 4. both ears (AU)
 Just as we use two eyes to
see in three dimensions, we
use two ears to perceive
the world of sound around us.

7. Contd.
5. otitis media (OM):
 Is an infection of the middle
ear
 Seen frequently in children
 Is often preceded by an upper
respiratory infection

8. 6. emmetropia(EM)
 Is the state of normal vision or
proper correlation between the
refractive system of the eye
and the axial length of the
eyeball.
 rays of light entering the eye
parallel to the optic axis being
brought to focus exactly on the
retina.

9. Contd.
 7. exotropia (XT)
 Is a condition of strabismus
in which the two eyes do
not line up in the same
direction, and therefore, do
not look at the same object
at the same time.

10. Contd.
 8. left eye (OS)
OS stands for oculus sinister

11. Contd.
 9. extraocular movement
(EOM)
 Eye movements are
controlled by muscles
innervated by cranial
nerves III, IV and VI.
 Checked by having the
patient look in all
directions without moving
their head and ask them if
they experiences any
double vision.

12. Abbreviations
 10. visual acuity (VA)
 Is acuteness or clearness of
vision, which is dependent on
the sharpness of the retinal
focus within the eye and the
sensitivity of the interpretative
faculty of the brain.