Effect of Urea on the Production of Chitinase by Trichoderma Virideijtsrd
Trichoderma spp. is proved to be an efficient bio control agent. It is one of the most frequently studied genera in relation to biological control of plant diseases. The bio control activity of Trichoderma spp depends on the production of large number of hydrolytic enzymes. Trichoderma spp. produces variety of antimicrobial substances or biologically active substances those are inhibitory to plant pathogens. Trichoderma is one of the groups of beneficial fungi, that have been shown to act, and are commercially applied as biocontrol agents against fungal pathogens. Trichoderma Biocontrol agents can even exert positive effects on plants with an increase in plant growth and also in the stimulation of plant defense mechanism. Urea did not show any negative impact on the growth of Trichoderma viride. Trichoderma viride cannot be applied to crops along with fungicides or insecticides. While applying chemical fertilizers, care maybe taken by avoiding the place and time of application of both. Dr. Noha Laj | Abhinsha Z "Effect of Urea on the Production of Chitinase by Trichoderma Viride" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31786.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/31786/effect-of-urea-on-the-production-of-chitinase-by-trichoderma-viride/dr-noha-laj
King Holmes, MD, PhD: Present and Future Challenges in Global Public HealthUWGlobalHealth
King Holmes, MD, PhD: Present and Future Challenges in Global Public Health, Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Sept. 12, 2009.
Global Health Equity and the Social Determinants of HealthRenzo Guinto
From the workshop "Closing the Gap in OUR Generation: Reducing health inequities through action on the global and local determinants of health" held last March 5-9, 2013 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA during the 62nd General Assembly March Meeting of the International Federation of Medical Students' Associations (IFMSA). Brought to you by the IFMSA Global Health Equity Initiative (http://www.ifmsa.org/Activities/Initiatives/The-IFMSA-Global-Health-Equity-Initiative).
For more information about the workshop, visit http://www.scribd.com/doc/131377723/Closing-the-Gap-in-OUR-Generation-PreGA-Final
Effect of Urea on the Production of Chitinase by Trichoderma Virideijtsrd
Trichoderma spp. is proved to be an efficient bio control agent. It is one of the most frequently studied genera in relation to biological control of plant diseases. The bio control activity of Trichoderma spp depends on the production of large number of hydrolytic enzymes. Trichoderma spp. produces variety of antimicrobial substances or biologically active substances those are inhibitory to plant pathogens. Trichoderma is one of the groups of beneficial fungi, that have been shown to act, and are commercially applied as biocontrol agents against fungal pathogens. Trichoderma Biocontrol agents can even exert positive effects on plants with an increase in plant growth and also in the stimulation of plant defense mechanism. Urea did not show any negative impact on the growth of Trichoderma viride. Trichoderma viride cannot be applied to crops along with fungicides or insecticides. While applying chemical fertilizers, care maybe taken by avoiding the place and time of application of both. Dr. Noha Laj | Abhinsha Z "Effect of Urea on the Production of Chitinase by Trichoderma Viride" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31786.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/31786/effect-of-urea-on-the-production-of-chitinase-by-trichoderma-viride/dr-noha-laj
King Holmes, MD, PhD: Present and Future Challenges in Global Public HealthUWGlobalHealth
King Holmes, MD, PhD: Present and Future Challenges in Global Public Health, Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Sept. 12, 2009.
Global Health Equity and the Social Determinants of HealthRenzo Guinto
From the workshop "Closing the Gap in OUR Generation: Reducing health inequities through action on the global and local determinants of health" held last March 5-9, 2013 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA during the 62nd General Assembly March Meeting of the International Federation of Medical Students' Associations (IFMSA). Brought to you by the IFMSA Global Health Equity Initiative (http://www.ifmsa.org/Activities/Initiatives/The-IFMSA-Global-Health-Equity-Initiative).
For more information about the workshop, visit http://www.scribd.com/doc/131377723/Closing-the-Gap-in-OUR-Generation-PreGA-Final
Global health trends and lessons learned towards better advocacy and develo...Farooq Khan
Written from the perspective of a Canadian Emergency Medicine Resident in July 2013 as a presentation to peers and colleagues for academic purposes only.
Part 1: Advocacy in Emergency Medicine
- Patients, communities and the world at large
Part 2: Global Health trends
- Political, social, economic and environmental determinants
- Emergency Medicine as a global priority
Part 3: Examples of Emergency Medicine development and activism
- Global Emergency Care Collaborative - Uganda
- International Emergency Medicine research at WHO
- Getting involved without leaving the country
The course offers an opportunity to develop a holistic understanding of Global health, its functions, and scope. The course attendants will learn the principles of Primary Health Care, the course is expected to help the students to understand and internalize international health and public health transition facilitating the integration of health sector with other sectors.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COUNSELLING AND TESTING ...Razak Mohammed Gyasi
Since 2003, the HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) has been identified as one of the key strategies in the HIV/AIDS prevention, control and care programmes in Ghana. However, utilization of this service is low among Ghanaian youth. This study examined predictors associated with VCT utilization among youth in Ghana. This study utilized quantitative and qualitative data in a cross-sectional survey in three sub-metropolitan areas in Kumasi. Using a multi-variate regression, evidence from 120 respondents showed potential factors associated with VCT utilization. The qualitative data were subjected to a content analysis through direct quotes. The results suggest that less than 30% of the youth had ever tested for HIV through VC. Women were more likely to avail themselves for counselling testing than men. Psychological and emotional trauma experienced by the seropositive, lack of confidentiality, proximity to VCT sites, HIV-related stigma inter alia, were found to be strongly associated with HIV VCT in the study prefecture. VCT utilization among the youth in Ghana was low and affected by HIV/AIDS-related stigma and residence. In order to increase VCT acceptability, HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs in the country should focus on reducing HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COUNSELLING AND TESTING ...Razak Mohammed Gyasi
Since 2003, the HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) has been identified as one of the key strategies in the HIV/AIDS prevention, control and care programmes in Ghana. However, utilization of this service is low among Ghanaian youth. This study examined predictors associated with VCT utilization among youth in Ghana. This study utilized quantitative and qualitative data in a cross-sectional survey in three sub-metropolitan areas in Kumasi. Using a multi-variate regression, evidence from 120 respondents showed potential factors associated with VCT utilization. The qualitative data were subjected to a content analysis through direct quotes. The results suggest that less than 30% of the youth had ever tested for HIV through VC. Women were more likely to avail themselves for counselling testing than men. Psychological and emotional trauma experienced by the seropositive, lack of confidentiality, proximity to VCT sites, HIV-related stigma inter alia, were found to be strongly associated with HIV VCT in the study prefecture. VCT utilization among the youth in Ghana was low and affected by HIV/AIDS-related stigma and residence. In order to increase VCT acceptability, HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs in the country should focus on reducing HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
A lecture on global health delivered during the Think Global Asia-Pacific Workshop on Global Health in Medical Education, December 19, 2011, University of the Philippines Manila
What is Global Health?: Defining Global HealthUWGlobalHealth
As proposed by the Declarations of the Alma Ata and challenged by the Millennium
Development Goals, action by players and stakeholders of diverse specialties and
backgrounds is required to achieve health for all. This assembled expert panel
drawn from different backgrounds will enrich the discussion with their own experiences.
CEO of Infinitum Humanitarian Systems Eric Rasmussen, MD, MDM, FACP helped the Medical Devices Group understand the depth of the challenges to global health.
You really have to watch his talk (some of the images will take your breath away) for the full impact of the presentation and please share it on social media and with your colleagues.
Visit http://medgroup.biz/future-global-health for the video recap and transcript and consider the 10x Medical Device Conference to meet speakers like Eric.
For 10x information, see http://medgroup.biz/About-10x
Sharing from USAID:
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is pleased to announce the release of its “Annual Progress Report to Congress: Global Health Programs FY 2014.” The report presents a summary of USAID’s key global health accomplishments during the previous fiscal year. From improving children’s nutrition to supporting antiretroviral treatment for millions of individuals, USAID programs had a great impact in 2014.
As the largest investor in global health, USAID is leading efforts to improve and save lives worldwide. In partnership with countries, non-governmental organizations, the faith-based community, and the private sector, the Agency is reaching people with the greatest need in the most remote areas. USAID works to further President Barack Obama’s vision to end extreme poverty through its ongoing contributions to ending preventable child and maternal deaths, creating an AIDS-free generation and protecting communities from infectious diseases.
AIDSTAR-One HIV Treatment Guidelines in Guyana - The Fast Track to Diagnosis ...AIDSTAROne
This case study details Guyana's process for revision of their national HIV treatment guidelines, based on WHO's 2010 revised recommendations . While many countries are still working to revise their national guidelines in response to WHO's latest guidance, the National AIDS Programme in Guyana has been implementing elements of WHO's 2010 recommendations since 2006.
www.aidstar-one.com/focus_areas/treatment/resources/case_study/guyana_treatment_guidelines
Global health issues with focus on food safety in Southeast AsiaILRI
Keynote presentation by Fred Unger, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Phuc Pham Duc and Delia Grace at the International Symposium on Global Physiology, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 22 October 2016.
Economic analyses of formal and informal dementia care and measurement of qua...Ruby Med Plus
Dementia affects the whole person not just the brain and memory, but also a host of important aspects of daily life . The risk of developing dementia increases exponentially with age and global ageing means that in the next few decades very large numbers of people around the world will enter the age where the incidence of dementia will be highest. One of the biggest challenges of the 21st century seems to be Alzheimer disease (AD) together with other types of dementia.
The ageing of the population across Europe and beyond means that the number of people with dementia will grow in future decades with consequent implications for care provision, care burden and public expenditure. It is no wonder, therefore, that many countries are already preparing for the projected rise in the number of people with dementia by putting in place dedicated action plans and/or dementia strategies.
Prompted by the 20th anniversary of the 1993 World Development Report, a Lancet Commission revisited the case for investment in health and developed a new investment frame work to achieve dramatic health gains by 2035. Our report has four key messages, each accompanied by opportunities for action by national governments of low-income and middle-income countries and by the international community.
Unit 4: International public health 18 hours
4.1 Need for developing specific public health perspective to international health: global aspirations regarding health and disease
a. Global aspiration on health: healthy world population;
healthy planet; health as fundamental human rights
b. Universal coverage of health services
c. Concept of global philosophy on Sarbajanahitaya
(Universal good for world people; SarbajanaSukhhaya
(Universal happiness)
4.2 Definition of international health, ,international public health
and synonymous term global health
4.3 Characteristics of international health
4.4 Historical background of international public health movement
4.5 Significant forces affecting to international health
4.6 Current international health issues demanding global public
health action
Global health trends and lessons learned towards better advocacy and develo...Farooq Khan
Written from the perspective of a Canadian Emergency Medicine Resident in July 2013 as a presentation to peers and colleagues for academic purposes only.
Part 1: Advocacy in Emergency Medicine
- Patients, communities and the world at large
Part 2: Global Health trends
- Political, social, economic and environmental determinants
- Emergency Medicine as a global priority
Part 3: Examples of Emergency Medicine development and activism
- Global Emergency Care Collaborative - Uganda
- International Emergency Medicine research at WHO
- Getting involved without leaving the country
The course offers an opportunity to develop a holistic understanding of Global health, its functions, and scope. The course attendants will learn the principles of Primary Health Care, the course is expected to help the students to understand and internalize international health and public health transition facilitating the integration of health sector with other sectors.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COUNSELLING AND TESTING ...Razak Mohammed Gyasi
Since 2003, the HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) has been identified as one of the key strategies in the HIV/AIDS prevention, control and care programmes in Ghana. However, utilization of this service is low among Ghanaian youth. This study examined predictors associated with VCT utilization among youth in Ghana. This study utilized quantitative and qualitative data in a cross-sectional survey in three sub-metropolitan areas in Kumasi. Using a multi-variate regression, evidence from 120 respondents showed potential factors associated with VCT utilization. The qualitative data were subjected to a content analysis through direct quotes. The results suggest that less than 30% of the youth had ever tested for HIV through VC. Women were more likely to avail themselves for counselling testing than men. Psychological and emotional trauma experienced by the seropositive, lack of confidentiality, proximity to VCT sites, HIV-related stigma inter alia, were found to be strongly associated with HIV VCT in the study prefecture. VCT utilization among the youth in Ghana was low and affected by HIV/AIDS-related stigma and residence. In order to increase VCT acceptability, HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs in the country should focus on reducing HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COUNSELLING AND TESTING ...Razak Mohammed Gyasi
Since 2003, the HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) has been identified as one of the key strategies in the HIV/AIDS prevention, control and care programmes in Ghana. However, utilization of this service is low among Ghanaian youth. This study examined predictors associated with VCT utilization among youth in Ghana. This study utilized quantitative and qualitative data in a cross-sectional survey in three sub-metropolitan areas in Kumasi. Using a multi-variate regression, evidence from 120 respondents showed potential factors associated with VCT utilization. The qualitative data were subjected to a content analysis through direct quotes. The results suggest that less than 30% of the youth had ever tested for HIV through VC. Women were more likely to avail themselves for counselling testing than men. Psychological and emotional trauma experienced by the seropositive, lack of confidentiality, proximity to VCT sites, HIV-related stigma inter alia, were found to be strongly associated with HIV VCT in the study prefecture. VCT utilization among the youth in Ghana was low and affected by HIV/AIDS-related stigma and residence. In order to increase VCT acceptability, HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs in the country should focus on reducing HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
A lecture on global health delivered during the Think Global Asia-Pacific Workshop on Global Health in Medical Education, December 19, 2011, University of the Philippines Manila
What is Global Health?: Defining Global HealthUWGlobalHealth
As proposed by the Declarations of the Alma Ata and challenged by the Millennium
Development Goals, action by players and stakeholders of diverse specialties and
backgrounds is required to achieve health for all. This assembled expert panel
drawn from different backgrounds will enrich the discussion with their own experiences.
CEO of Infinitum Humanitarian Systems Eric Rasmussen, MD, MDM, FACP helped the Medical Devices Group understand the depth of the challenges to global health.
You really have to watch his talk (some of the images will take your breath away) for the full impact of the presentation and please share it on social media and with your colleagues.
Visit http://medgroup.biz/future-global-health for the video recap and transcript and consider the 10x Medical Device Conference to meet speakers like Eric.
For 10x information, see http://medgroup.biz/About-10x
Sharing from USAID:
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is pleased to announce the release of its “Annual Progress Report to Congress: Global Health Programs FY 2014.” The report presents a summary of USAID’s key global health accomplishments during the previous fiscal year. From improving children’s nutrition to supporting antiretroviral treatment for millions of individuals, USAID programs had a great impact in 2014.
As the largest investor in global health, USAID is leading efforts to improve and save lives worldwide. In partnership with countries, non-governmental organizations, the faith-based community, and the private sector, the Agency is reaching people with the greatest need in the most remote areas. USAID works to further President Barack Obama’s vision to end extreme poverty through its ongoing contributions to ending preventable child and maternal deaths, creating an AIDS-free generation and protecting communities from infectious diseases.
AIDSTAR-One HIV Treatment Guidelines in Guyana - The Fast Track to Diagnosis ...AIDSTAROne
This case study details Guyana's process for revision of their national HIV treatment guidelines, based on WHO's 2010 revised recommendations . While many countries are still working to revise their national guidelines in response to WHO's latest guidance, the National AIDS Programme in Guyana has been implementing elements of WHO's 2010 recommendations since 2006.
www.aidstar-one.com/focus_areas/treatment/resources/case_study/guyana_treatment_guidelines
Global health issues with focus on food safety in Southeast AsiaILRI
Keynote presentation by Fred Unger, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Phuc Pham Duc and Delia Grace at the International Symposium on Global Physiology, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 22 October 2016.
Economic analyses of formal and informal dementia care and measurement of qua...Ruby Med Plus
Dementia affects the whole person not just the brain and memory, but also a host of important aspects of daily life . The risk of developing dementia increases exponentially with age and global ageing means that in the next few decades very large numbers of people around the world will enter the age where the incidence of dementia will be highest. One of the biggest challenges of the 21st century seems to be Alzheimer disease (AD) together with other types of dementia.
The ageing of the population across Europe and beyond means that the number of people with dementia will grow in future decades with consequent implications for care provision, care burden and public expenditure. It is no wonder, therefore, that many countries are already preparing for the projected rise in the number of people with dementia by putting in place dedicated action plans and/or dementia strategies.
Prompted by the 20th anniversary of the 1993 World Development Report, a Lancet Commission revisited the case for investment in health and developed a new investment frame work to achieve dramatic health gains by 2035. Our report has four key messages, each accompanied by opportunities for action by national governments of low-income and middle-income countries and by the international community.
Unit 4: International public health 18 hours
4.1 Need for developing specific public health perspective to international health: global aspirations regarding health and disease
a. Global aspiration on health: healthy world population;
healthy planet; health as fundamental human rights
b. Universal coverage of health services
c. Concept of global philosophy on Sarbajanahitaya
(Universal good for world people; SarbajanaSukhhaya
(Universal happiness)
4.2 Definition of international health, ,international public health
and synonymous term global health
4.3 Characteristics of international health
4.4 Historical background of international public health movement
4.5 Significant forces affecting to international health
4.6 Current international health issues demanding global public
health action
Scope: The action plan provides a road map and a menu of policy options for all Member States and other stakeholders, to take coordinated and coherent action, at all levels, local to global, to attain the nine voluntary global targets, including that of a 25% relative reduction in premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory diseases by 2025.
Focus: The main focus of this action plan is on four types of NCDs — cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes — which make the largest contribution to morbidity and mortality due to NCDs, and on four shared behavioral risk factors — tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and harmful use of alcohol. It recognizes that the conditions in which people live and work and their lifestyles influence their health and quality of life.
AIDS - Status & challenges of the epidemicGreenFacts
In just 25 years, HIV has spread relentlessly from a few widely scattered “hot spots” to virtually every country in the world, infecting 65 million people and killing 25 million.
What has been done since 2001 and what can be done in the future to halt the spread of AIDS?
Note: Figures have been updated in 2008.
According to statistics compiled by the World Health Organization (WHO), around one billion persons are overweight today, with another 300 million being obese. Based on these data, it is clear that obesity has become a huge international problem, impacting nations of all economic levels. Estimates predict that by 2025, Brazil would rank fifth in the world in obesity prevalence, up from its current rate of roughly 13%. Although certain herbal treatments are indicated for therapy, many other natural items are utilized without consideration to their safety or effectiveness in preventing or reducing weight gain. Notable among these is the African plant Hoodia gordonii, whose commercial powder was sold freely until it was banned in February 2007 by the Brazilian National Sanitary Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) due to a lack of scientific proofs of its efficacy and safety. Moreover, its putative association with leptin and insulin involved in neuroendocrine control of hunger and satiety is not well understood, nor is its method of action in suppressing desire and thirst.
Less than a decade ago , the idea that most nations in the world would commit to working toward achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) was seen as unlikely, and certainly not a priority for the global health community. Today, we face an entirely different landscape. Since the 2010 World Health Report Health Systems Financing: The Path to Universal Coverage, more than 70 countries have approached WHO to request technical assistance in moving forward on UHC. A movement has built among global and national actors, leading to the passage of the UN Resolution endorsed by more than 90 countries in December 2012 to make UHC a key global health objective. Commitment is increasing for UHC to be the umbrella health goal in the post-2015 framework.
Tremendo editorial de The lancet: UN MANIFIESTO PARA EL MUNDO QUE QUEREMOS. La fecha propuesta para el cumplimiento de los Objetivos del Milenio (ODM) es el 31 de diciembre de 2015. Dichos objetivos estaban enfocados, principalmente, en combatir la pobreza y disminuir las inequidades. Es decir, se concentraban en algunos, no en todos los seres humanos. ¿Qué pasa a partir del 1 de enero de 2016? ¿Hacia donde debemos enfocar nuestra visión del mundo desde este momento, para lograr es "mundo que queremos"? El manifiesto se enfoca a la interrelación que existe entre TODOS los seres humanos, y en la necesidad de que todos participen, haciendo énfasis obviamente, en aquellos aspectos que requieren más atención. Existe un consenso, diríamos que universal, con relación a que hay muchas cosas que tenemos que cambiar. Pero la pregunta que me hago es: ¿Seremos capaces de construir acuerdos que permitan ir rellenando esos abismos que nos separan, para lograr la equidad, con JUSTICIA? Tengo fe en Dios, y confío en que podemos lograrlo.
This Policy Framework is intended to inform
discussion and the formulation of action plans
that promote healthy and active ageing.(World Health Organization)
Managing the Health Effects of Global Warming
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Similar to Global Burden of Disease Study 2010: understanding disease, injury, and risk (20)
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...
Global Burden of Disease Study 2010: understanding disease, injury, and risk
1. Comment
GBD 2010: understanding disease, injury, and risk
Publication of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 men, are dying in far higher numbers than previously See Comment pages 2054, 2055,
2058, 2060, 2062, and 2063
(GBD 2010) is a landmark event for this journal and, we appreciated. But the most afflicted continent remains
See Special Report page 2067
hope, for health. The collaboration of 486 scientists Africa. Here, maternal, newborn, and child mortality,
See Articles pages 2071, 2095,
from 302 institutions in 50 countries has produced along with a broad array of vaccine-preventable and 2129, 2144, 2163, 2197, and 2224
an important contribution to our understanding of other communicable diseases, remain urgent concerns.
present and future health priorities for countries and GBD 2010 also puts an important spotlight on
the global community. disability—from, for example, mental health disorders,
What is the GBD 2010? Launched in 2007, it is a substance use, musculoskeletal disease, diabetes,
consortium of seven partners: Harvard University; the chronic respiratory disease, anaemia, and loss of vision
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at and hearing. Disability from disease and injury will
the University of Washington, Seattle; Johns Hopkins become an increasingly important issue for all health
University; the University of Queensland; Imperial systems. More people will be spending more years of
College London; the University of Tokyo; and WHO. their lives with more illnesses. Women are hit especially
GBD 2010 is the first systematic and comprehensive hard by disability. Women aged 15–65 years lose more
assessment of data on disease, injuries, and risk since healthy life to disability than men. Yet disability has
1990. That initial exercise was commissioned by the been almost ignored as a central policy priority during
World Bank. This latest round was supported by the Bill & the era of the Millennium Development Goals.
Melinda Gates Foundation. The project has dramatically What should happen next? These reports should
expanded in scope. In 1990, 107 diseases and injuries, add energy and momentum to efforts to improve the
together with ten risk factors, were assessed. For 2010, measurement of health, especially commitments to
235 causes of death and 67 risk factors are included. strengthen civil registration and vital statistics systems in
What are the headline findings? First, although countries. There is also every prospect that, instead of the
52·8 million deaths occurred in 2010 (in 1990, the figure GBD being a single event every few years, it will evolve
was 46·5 million deaths), great progress is being made into a continuous process of reviewing and updating
in population health. Life expectancies for men and data as new and more reliable information, together
women are increasing. A greater proportion of deaths with better methods, become available. The 1990 GBD
are taking place among people older than 70 years. The reports led to important shifts in health priorities. Non-
burdens of HIV and malaria are falling. Far fewer children communicable diseases, especially mental ill-health,
younger than 5 years are dying. Infectious diseases justifiably achieved much greater prominence. The
are increasingly being controlled. In some parts of the
world, there has been substantial progress in preventing
premature deaths from heart disease and cancer.
But this hopeful picture is being challenged by old
and new threats. Huge gaps remain in progress for
some regions of the world. Tuberculosis and malaria
are estimated to have killed around 1·2 million people
each in 2010. 8 million people died from cancer in 2010,
over a third more deaths than 20 years ago. One in four
deaths was from heart disease or stroke. 1·3 million
deaths were due to diabetes. Deaths from road traffic
injuries increased by almost half. Blood pressure is
the biggest global risk factor for disease, followed by
tobacco, alcohol, and poor diet. And young adults are
emerging as a new and neglected priority in global
Corbis
health: GBD 2010 finds that young adults, especially
www.thelancet.com Vol 380 December 15/22/29, 2012 2053
2. Comment
success of the GBD, then and now, is that it provides where the scope of health as an indispensable part of
a level playing field to assess independently (and human development will be broadened still further. And,
dispassionately) the health priorities that face countries. finally, we should use them as a platform to advocate
In the meantime, everyone concerned with health— ever more vigorously for the growing consensus that
health workers and policy makers, those working in universal health coverage could be the third great
technical agencies (across the UN system), development global health transition.1 GBD 2010 is an extraordinary
partners, civil society, and the research community— collaboration. Our collective responsibility is to turn it
should use these latest findings to sharpen understanding into an extraordinary opportunity.
of trends in disease, injury, and risk. We should use them
to spark global, regional, and national debates about Richard Horton
their meaning for policy and practice. We should use The Lancet, London NW1 7BY, UK
them to hold one another accountable for progress 1 Rodin J, de Ferranti D. Universal health coverage: the third global health
transition. Lancet 2012; 380: 861–62.
towards internationally agreed development goals and to
plan for the post-2015 era of sustainable development,
From new estimates to better data
The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) in capacity strengthening by impeding sharing of data
The Lancet represents an unprecedented effort to improve or transparent testing of methods. Third, to reconcile
global and regional estimates of levels and trends in the existing differences and provide the world with the best
burden of disease. Accurate assessment of the global, possible health estimates it will be important to ensure
regional, and country health situation and trends is the constructive and continued engagement of all groups
critical for evidence-based decision making for public involved, including IHME and other academic institutions,
health. WHO therefore warmly welcomes GBD 2010, as well as WHO, UNICEF, and other UN entities.
Vstock LLC
which was undertaken by the Institute for Health Metrics As a first step in this process, I intend to convene an
and Evaluation (IHME) with its partners and draws on the expert consultation in early 2013 to review all current
See Comment pages 2053, 2055, contributions of many scientists, including those who work on global health estimates and discuss ways
2058, 2060, 2062, and 2063
work in WHO programmes. in which we can work together to improve data and
See Special Report page 2067
See Articles pages 2071, 2095,
In many areas, GBD 2010 results are similar to WHO’s estimates for better country, regional, and global health
2129, 2144, 2163, 2197, and 2224 recently published estimates. In other areas, the results decision making. Lastly, we must not forget that the real
of GBD 2010 differ substantially from analyses by WHO need is to close the data gaps, especially in low-income
and other UN entities. The publication of GBD 2010 and middle-income countries,1 so that we no longer have
constitutes an important milestone that can be used as a to rely heavily on statistical modelling for data on disease
basis for further work to address these differences, which burden. We know that this will require stronger country
are more often based on choice of statistical techniques health information systems, such as registration of births
rather than realities on the ground. and deaths. Accountability for health should be based on
First, as we move forward we need to agree on sound monitoring of results, tracking of resources, and
common standards for documentation and sharing of transparent reviews, with a focus on equity.
data, transparent peer review, and sharing of methods
in a way that maximises benefits to countries. These Margaret Chan
common standards will need to be accompanied by WHO, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
porria@who.int
the development of user-friendly analytic tools, and a
sustained effort to strengthen countries’ own capacities I am Director-General of WHO. I declare that I have no conflicts of interest.
to gather data and produce estimates. Second, we have 1 Chan M, Kazatchkine M, Lob-Levyt J, et al. Meeting the demands for results
and accountability: a call for action on health data from eight health
to acknowledge that although competition can be scien- agencies. PLoS Med 2010; 7: e100023.
tifically productive, it can also detract from national
2054 www.thelancet.com Vol 380 December 15/22/29, 2012