FAQ on developing and deploying applications on MACH11 (Informix Dynamic Server v11)

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FAQ and Answers for developing,
deploying and maintaining applications
in MACH11 environment.
Keshava Murthy,
Architect, IBM, rkeshav@us.ibm.com

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International Informix Users Group.2009 IIUG Informix Conference 2
Example of MACH11 Configuration
Primary
SDS
Blade Server A
<New Orleans>
Building-A
Blade Server B
<Memphis>
Disk
Disk
RSS
Blade Server C
<Denver>
Shared
Disk
Shared
Disk
Mirror
Blade Server D
<New Orleans>
Building-B
RSSTraffic
HDRTraffic
SDS
SDS

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Primary
SDS
Blade Server A
<New Orleans>
Building-A
Blade Server B
<Memphis>
Disk
Disk
RSS
Blade Server C
<Denver>
Shared
Disk
Shared
Disk
Mirror
Blade Server D
<New Orleans>
Building-B
RSSTraffic
Connection Manager
HDRTraffic
SDS
SDS
SLA

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Primary
SDS
Blade Server A
<New Orleans>
Building-A
Blade Server B
<Memphis>
HDRSecondary
Disk
Disk
RSS
Blade Server C
<Denver>
Shared
Disk
Shared
Disk
Mirror
Blade Server D
<New Orleans>
Building-B
RSSTraffic
Connection Manager
DBA
IDSAdmin
IDSAdmin
OLTP Apps
Reporting Apps
HDRTraffic
SDS
SDS
SLA

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P
S
H
R
Primary Server
SDS: Shared Disk Secondary Server
HDR secondary Server
RSS: Remote Secondary Server
U User/Application
C Connection Manager
Notations

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Blade Server A
<New Orleans>
Building-A
Blade Server B
<Memphis>
HDRSecondary
Disk
Disk
RSS
Blade Server C
<Denver>
Shared
Disk
Shared
Disk
Mirror
Blade Server D
<New Orleans>
Building-B
RSSTraffic
Connection Manager
DBA
IDSAdmin
IDSAdmin
OLTP Apps
Reporting Apps
HDRTraffic
SLA
P
S
S
S
S
S
H
R
R
R

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What APIs can use MACH11?
P
H
RR
S
S S
CC
C based
Clients
Java
based
Clients
JDBC
sqli
drda
drda
sqli
odbc-PHP-Ruby
ESQL/C-4GL eGL
.NET
JDBC/PureQuery
Hibernate/Data
Services

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What APIs can use MACH11?
P
H
RR
S
S S
CC
C based
Clients
Java
based
Clients
JDBC
sqli
drda
drda
sqli
App Servers
and
applications
Websphere
BEA
JBoss

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What’s the motivation to move to MACH11?
• High Availability
 New options
 Flexibility
• Scale out
 Analyze the load
 Read-write ratios

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What do you get in Primary that
you don’t in SDS or RSS?
• Available only on the primary:
 CREATE TABLE, CREATE INDEX and
most CREATE statements
 UPDATE STATISTICS
 TRUNCATE TABLE
 ALTERS
 XA Transactions
 All isolation levels
 Datablade Registration
• Do the application setup using an SLA connecting ONLY to
PRIMARY
P
S
U
H
R

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What do you get in Primary that
you don’t in SDS or RSS?
• Available in SDS, RSS, HDR Secondary
 Updates via secondary notes are available only
if you set UPDATABLE_SECONDARY in onconfig.
 SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
 EXECUTE FUNCTION, EXECUTE PROCEDURE
 CREATE TEMP TABLE
 SELECT… INTO TEMP
 CREATE INDEX, TRUNCATE on TEMP table
 Limited Isolation levels
• DIRTY READ, COMMITTED READ, COMMITTED READ LAST
COMMITTED
P
S
U
H
R

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How do check which server I’m on?
• The tables below in sysmasterhas information you can use to get
environment information.
 sysha_type
• Is a single row table with current HA server type
and its PRIMARY’s name.
 sysha_workload
 sysha_lagtime
• If MACH11 environment is setup, sysha database will be created.
 Sysha database has complete configuration details
P
S
U
H
R

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How do check which server I’m on?
Create function mysrvrtype() returns char(1)
Define x int;
Select ha_type into x from sysha:sysha_type;
If (ha_type = 0) then
return ‘N’;
Elif (ha_type = 1) then
return ‘P’;
return ‘H’;
return ‘S’;
return ‘R’;
ELSE
return ‘E’; -- error
End if;
End function;
• Sysha_type.ha_primary stores the primary’s server name.
• Syssmaster:syssqlhosts has the details on the primary server.
P
S
U
H
R

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OK. I have MACH11. How do I failover my
application?
• Scenario 1. Simple configuration.
P
S
U
H

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application?
P
S
U
H

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application?
P
S
U
H
P
• Connection failover can be done in multiple ways,
depending on the application.

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S
P
U
H
P
application?
• Typically error you get is -25582
• Option 1: Informix drivers on SQLI protocol
 Using DBPATH
ksh_lenexa onsoctcp flins soc_lenexa g=ordmgmt
ksh_chicago onsoctcp flins soc_chicago g=ordmgmt
ksh_dallas onsoctcp flins soc_dallas g=ordmgmt
 Usually you set INFORMIXSERVER=ksh_lenexa to connect
 You can set DBPATH=//ksh_chicago://ksh_dallas
 Use Connect to mydb and don’t specify any server name.
 Order of reconnection attempt will be, INFORMIXSERVER,
servers in DBPATH.

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ordmgmt
group
S
P
U
H
P
application?
 Connect to a group instead of a server
ordmgmt group - - i=2390
ksh_lenexa onsoctcp flins ksh_fc5 g=ordmgmt
ksh_chicago onsoctcp flins ksh_fc5s1 g=ordmgmt
ksh_dallas onsoctcp flins ksh_fc5s2 g=ordmgmt
 Instead connect to mydb@ksh_lenexa do: connect to mydb@ordmgmt
 Group names can be used in JDBC when you use sqlhosts
 Connecting to a group will always connect to a PRIMARY server
 To connect to a SDS, HDR Secondary or RSS node, connect to them
directly.
 If you have multiple SDS, RSS nodes, you can group them separately.

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ordmgmt
S
P
U
H
P
application?
 Use connection Manager
• SETUP THE SLA (Service Level Agreement)
• Simply connect to connection manager
 Connect to rdb@ordconnmgr;
 Connection manager is aware of the servers and will
automatically redirect the connection – no programming
required – to appropriate server.
C

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S
P
H
What’s connection manager?
• Connection Manager is one of those know-it-all types
• Applications first connect to connection manager
C
S
R
U
SLA
Application will first
connect to connection
manager

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S
P
H
C
S
R
U
SLA
Connection is redirected
to target server depending
on the SLA

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S
P
H
C
S
R
U
SLA
P
Primary goes off-line. An SDS
server will take over the
Primary role

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S
P
H
C
S
R
U
SLA
P
Application/Driver will
come back to connection
manager to get a new
connection

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S
P
H
C
S
R
U
SLA
P
Application will get the new
connection to the new
primary

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S
P
H
C
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SL
A
Phmmm.. What’s SLA?
• Service Level Agreement to set at
connection manager
• Values: combinations of Primary, SDS, HDR, RSS, any server
SLA order=Primary+SDS
SLA Reports=RSS
SLA weekend=slowbox
order onsoctcp ordermc.my.com 13452
ordersds onsoctcp ordersds.my.com 13453
Reportrss onsoctcp reports.my.com 5728
slowbox onsoctcp oldbox.my.com 2848

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S
P
H
C
S
R
U
SLA
P
Does DRDA work with connection Manager?
• Yes
• Connection manager can be used with
all IDS drivers. Both SQLI and DRDA drivers support it.
• Simply use the connection manager ip and port on
any of the drivers.

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S
P
H
C
S
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U
SLA
P
Can the rerouting be automatic?
• In APIs based on SQLI, the application layer
has to catch the connection exception and RETRY.
If using connection manager:
• Retry the connection back to the connection manager
• Connection manager will find the most appropriate server
based on SLA
• Connection manager knows the latest status of each server
If not using connection manager:
• Reconnecting to the group will connect to the PRIMARY
server
• DBPATH or a private list will simply get a new connection to
an available server.

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S
P
H
C
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R
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SL
A
P
• Yes
• DRDA drivers have a feature called
Automatic Client Rerouting
• Supported in JDBC and .NET
 IBM Data Server Driver for JDBC
 IBM Data Server provider for .NET
• Simply use connection managers’s host and port number
• The driver, transparent to application, detects the connection
failure and reconnects to the available server.
• You can create list of alternate servers on JNDI
ds.setDriverType(4);
ds.setServerName(“srvr1.mydomain.com");
ds.setPortNumber("50002");
ds.setClientRerouteAlternateServerName(“srvr2.mydomain.com");
ds.setClientRerouteAlternatePortNumber("50000");

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P
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C
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SLA
P
// Create a starting context for naming operations
InitialContext registry = new InitialContext();
// Create a DB2ClientRerouteServerList object
DB2ClientRerouteServerList address = new DB2ClientRerouteServerList();
// Set the port number and server name for the main Configuration Manager
address.setPrimaryPortNumber(50002);
address.setPrimaryServerName(“srvr2.mydomain.com");
// Set the port number and server name for the alternative Configuration Manager
int[] port = {50000};
String[] server = {“srvr1.mydomain.com"};
address.setAlternatePortNumber(port);
address.setAlternateServerName(server);
registry.rebind("serverList", address);
// Assign the JNDI name of the DB2ClientRerouteServerList object to the
// clientRerouteServerListJNDIName property
datasource.setClientRerouteServerListJNDIName("serverList");
• After the connection is reestablished, the driver throws a SQLException with
error code -4498. Failure to reconnect will return -4499.
• You’ll need to handle this exception and restart the current transction.
• The open transaction at the server is automatically rolledback.

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How can I deploy MACH11 for
load balancing?
• Connection Manager automatically
load balances at the connection level
• CM knows the load on each of the servers and
redirects the connection to least loaded server within SLA
• IBM Data Server driver for JDBC also has transaction level
load balancing.
• The driver and the server exchange the current load on all
systems within the SLA
• The load information is exchanged at connection time and
every 8 seconds.
• Driver assigns the connection for each transaction
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P
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C
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SLA
P

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How do I use transaction
load balancing?
• Set the proprerty enableSysplexWLB to true
• Set maxTransportObjects – to maximum number of
connections
• Can be set in the driver or a custom datasource
property in Websphere.
• Connection Manager automatically assigns the
server/connection with least load to perform the transaction.
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P
H
C
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SLA
P

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Thank You
rkeshav@us.ibm.com

FAQ on developing and deploying applications on MACH11 (Informix Dynamic Server v11)

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