PowerPoint presentation made by the Romanian student Bianca Romanescu, 8th grade, Scoala Gimnaziala Magura.

1. Made By:
Romanescu Maria Bianca, 7th grade,
Scoala Gimnaziala Magura

2. • Saving energy means
decreasing the amount of energy
used while achieving a similar
outcome of end use. Using less
energy has lots of benefits – you
can save money and help the
environment. Generating energy
requires precious natural
resources, for instance coal, oil
or gas. Therefore, using less
energy helps us to preserve
these resources and make them
last longer in the future.

3. • Wind power is the conversion
of wind energy into a useful
form of energy, such as using:
wind turbines to make
electrical power, windmills for
mechanical power, wind
pumps for water pumping or
drainage, or sails to propel
ships.

4. •
Solar energy, radiant light and heat
from the sun, has been harnessed by
humans since ancient times using a
range of ever-evolving technologies.
Solar energy technologies include
solar heating, solar photovoltaic's,
solar thermal electricity and solar
architecture, which can make
considerable contributions to solving
some of the most urgent problems the
world now faces.

5. • A solar panel (also solar
module, photovoltaic module
or photovoltaic panel) is a
packaged, connected
assembly of photovoltaic
cells. The solar panel can be
used as a component of a
larger photovoltaic system to
generate and supply
electricity in commercial and
residential applications. Each
panel is rated by its DC
output power under standard
test conditions, and typically
ranges from 100 to 320
watts.

6. • A heat pump is a device
that transfers thermal
energy from a heat source
to a heat sink. Heat
pumps can move thermal
energy in a direction
which is opposite to the
direction of spontaneous
heat flow. A heat pump
uses energy to
accomplish the desired
transfer of thermal energy
from heat source to heat
sink.

7. • Solar thermal systems are systems
that captures and converts solar
energy into thermal energy (hot
water production and / or
contribution to heating) in order to
reduce dependence on
conventional heating systems, and
related costs.
A solar thermal domestic hot water production consists of: Solar panel
(solar collector), composed of vacuum tubes that capture solar energy
Tank, which accumulates and retains heat received from solar panel
Propylene glycol (heat transfer fluid circulating through vacuum tubes)
Solar controller which takes temperature of the solar collector and pump
control group Solar pump group - transfer heat from the solar panels to
the boiler Expansion vessels with protective role to prevent
overpressure when the temperature is high and pressure maintenance
when fluid is low temperature.

8. •
Electric potential energy, or
electrostatic potential energy, is
a potential energy (measured in
joules) that results from
conservative Coulomb forces
and is associated with the
configuration of a particular set
of point charges within a defined
system. The term "electric
potential energy" is used to
describe the potential energy in
systems with time-variant electric
fields, while the term
"electrostatic potential energy" is
used to describe the potential
energy in systems with timeinvariant electric fields.

9. • In physics, mechanical energy
is the sum of potential energy
and kinetic energy and present
in the components of a
mechanical system. It is the
energy associated with the
motion and position of an
object. The law of conservation
of energy states that in an
isolated system that is only
subject to conservative forces,
like the gravitational force, the
mechanical energy is constant.

10. • Nuclear power is the use of
sustained nuclear fission to
generate heat and electricity.
Nuclear power plants provide
about 6% of the world's energy
and 13–14% of the world's
electricity, with the U.S.,
France, and Japan together
accounting for about 50% of
nuclear generated electricity. In
2007, the IAEA reported there
were 439 nuclear power
reactors in operation in the
world, operating in 31
countries. Also, more than 150
naval vessels using nuclear
propulsion have been built.

11. •
Geothermal energy is thermal
energy generated and stored in
the Earth. Thermal energy is
the energy that determines the
temperature of matter. The
Geothermal energy of the
Earth's crust originates from the
original formation of the planet
(20%) and from radioactive
decay of minerals (80%). The
geothermal gradient, which is
the difference in temperature
between the core of the planet
and its surface, drives a
continuous conduction of
thermal energy in the form of
heat from the core to the
surface.

12. • Thermal energy is the part
of the total internal energy
of a thermodynamic system
or sample of matter that
results in the system
temperature. This quantity
may be difficult to
determine or even
meaningless unless the
system has attained its
temperature only through
cooling, and not been
subjected to work input or
output, or any other energychanging processes.

13. • Hydropower or water power is
power derived from the energy
of falling water, which may be
harnessed for useful purposes.
Since ancient times,
hydropower has been used for
irrigation and the operation of
various mechanical devices,
such as watermills, sawmills,
textile mills, dock cranes,
domestic lifts and paint making.

14. • In physical cosmology and
astronomy, dark energy is a
hypothetical form of energy that
permeates all of space and tends
to accelerate the expansion of the
universe. Dark energy is the most
accepted hypothesis to explain
observations since the 1990s that
indicate that the universe is
expanding at an accelerating rate.
In the standard model of
cosmology, dark energy currently
accounts for 73% of the total
mass–energy of the universe.

15. • A steam turbine is a device that
extracts thermal energy from
pressurized steam and uses it to
do mechanical work on a
rotating output shaft. Its modern
manifestation was invented by
Sir Charles Parsons in 1884.
Because the turbine generates
rotary motion, it is particularly
suited to be used to drive an
electrical generator – about 90%
of all electricity generation in the
United States (1996) is by use of
steam turbines.

16. • The kinetic energy of an
object is the energy which it
possesses due to its motion.
It is defined as the work
needed to accelerate a body
of a given mass from rest to
its stated velocity. Having
gained this energy during its
acceleration, the body
maintains this kinetic energy
unless its speed changes.
The same amount of work is
done by the body in
decelerating from its current
speed to a state of rest.

17. • Have your heating system professionally
checked on a regular basis.
• Get a carbon monoxide detector for your
own safety and so leaks don’t increase
your energy bill.

18. Natural Gas Saving Tips

19. • If a faucet drips at a rate of 1 drop per second,
you can waste 2,700 gal. per year.
• The average daily indoor water use for a single
family home with no water-conserving fixtures
is 74 gal.

21. • For an instant reduction in your
energy use, change the way
you use power at home. Plug
groups of appliances into power
strips and turn them off
completely whenever they are
not in use; when electronics are
plugged into the wall, they can
use "phantom" power even
when turned off (see
References 3). If you have
home computers, unplug them
when you are away from home,
enable the built-in energy
saving settings and make the
screen go to sleep when
inactive instead of using a
screen saver.

22. • One of the easiest ways to save
energy in an apartment or house
is to replace standard light bulbs
with compact fluorescent bulbs.
According to the Energy Star
website, CFL s use 75 percent
less energy; they also have a
longer lifetime and save more
than $40 in energy costs over the
life of the bulb. Make use of
natural light whenever possible to
reduce the need for electric light.
If you can, set lights on a timer or
plug lamps into smart power
strips so that they automatically
turn off.

23. • Insulate water heater
and surrounding pipes
to reduce heat loss and
water consumption.
• Set water heater
thermostats to 120°F
(or 140°F if you have a
dishwasher).

24. • Take shorter showers. A 4
minute shower uses 20-40 gal. of
water.
• Turn off the faucet when you
brush your teeth, shave, wash
your face or rinse dishes.
• Invest in a high efficiency toilet,
or put a plastic bottle filled with
sand in your toilet tank to reduce
the amount of water used per
flush.

25. • When washing your car, don’t
run the hose until you need to
rinse. This can save up to 150
gallons of water.
• Use a broom to clean your
driveway, front stoop or porch,
rather than a hose.
• When planting a garden, practice
xeriscaping. Group plants
according to their water needs,
and plant drought-resistant
plants and bushes.

26. • Collect rainwater in a rain barrel
and use this to water plants.
• Be sure to follow watering
restrictions specific to your local
area.
• Position sprinklers to avoid
watering the sidewalk, street, or
driveway.

27. • If you are shopping for new
appliances, make sure to look for
the Environmental Protection
Agency’s Energy Star label
before making a purchase.
Energy Star appliances use
between 10 and 50 percent less
energy and water than their
conventional counterparts. They
may cost more than appliances
without the Energy Star
designation, but in most cases
they will more than make up that
additional cost through energy
savings.

28. •
One of the least expensive and most
effective changes you can make in your
home is replacing your light bulbs.
According to Energy Star, one of its
qualified compact fluorescent light
bulbs (CFL), which cost just a few
dollars, “will save about $30 over its
lifetime and pay for itself in about 6
months. It uses 75 percent less energy
and lasts about 10 times longer than an
incandescent bulb.” Although some
people are concerned because CFLs
contain mercury, Energy Star says that
CFLs do not release any mercury when
in use, and actually reduce mercury
emissions because they lessen the
need for electricity from power plants
that emit mercury.

29. • Ducts that move air toand-from a forced air
furnace, central air
conditioner, or heat pump
are often big energy
wasters. Sealing and
insulating ducts can
improve the efficiency of
your heating and cooling
system by as much as 20
percent - and sometimes
much more.

30. • An energy-efficient home will
keep your family comfortable
while saving you money.
Whether you take simple
steps or make larger
investments to make your
home more efficient, you'll
see lower energy bills. Over
time, those savings will
typically pay for the cost of
improvements and put money
back in your pocket. Your
home may also be more
attractive to buyers when you
sell.

31. Thank you!!..