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Image Processing (I)
José Ramón Macías
Genome Replication
Transcription
Translation
Signal Transduction
Protein Folding
Viral Infection
Motility
Cellular Components
researchers use models from
structural studies to explain the
functions and mechanisms
of biological processes at the
molecular level
many key biological processes
are carried out by large
macromolecular complexes
acting as nanomachines
15m
15x10-9m
Image Processing
3D Electron
Microscopy
Top Side Bottom
     
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k
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nn
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ik
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kXP
91,114 particles (resolution: 9.9 Å)
22,176 27,416 25,651 15,871
91,114 particles
64 CPU’s : 3 days1 CPU: 6 months
Storage
E
M
D
B
lectron
icroscopy
ata
ank
10 40 67
117
193
266
363
720
931
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
since June 2002, the number
of structures has increased
steadily.
“
”
Single
Particle Icosahedral
Helical
Individual
Structure 2D Crystal
Today: 931 map
volume entries
Competitors
X-Ray
Crystallography
Requires
Crystals
High
Resolution 
3D Electron
Microscopy
Medium
Resolution 
Crystals
Not required
Hybrid Models
Fitting
3D-EM model Atomic model
Hybrid model
Hybrid model
3D-EM model
Atomic model
Data Integration
http://biocomp.cnb.csic.es/das/PeppeR
DASx3DEM & PeppeR
VisualOmics

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Image Processing (I)