presented at fr.muller homoeopthic medical college

1. CONTRACEPTION
Dr John Pradee

2. POST
CONCEPTIONAL
METHODS

3. MENSTRUAL REGULATION
 Aspiration of uterine contents 6-14 days
of a missed period.
 Cervical dilatation is indicated only in
nullipara or in apprehensive subjects.

4. Complications
 IMMEDIATE: Uterine Perforation.
Trauma.
 LATE: Tendency to Abortion.
Premature labour.
Infertility.
Menstrual disorders.
Ectopic pregnancy

5. Differs from Abortion
 Lack of certainty if a pregnancy is
being terminated.
 Lack of legal restriction.
 Increased safety of early procedure.

6. MENSTRUAL INDUCTION

7. MISCELLANEO
US METHODS

8. ABSTINENCE
• Complete Sexual
Abstinence
• May causes
Temperamental
changes
and even Nervous
breakdown.

9. COITUS INTERRUPTUS
• Male withdraws before
ejaculation.
• Precoital secretion of the
male mey contain sperms.
• Even one drop of semen
is sufficient to cause
pregnancy.
SIDE EFFECTS:
• Pelvic Congestion.
• Vaginismus.

10. SAFE PERIOD
 Women’s menstrual
cycles are not always
regular.
 Programmed sex.
 Failure rate: 9 per 100
women.
 Method not applicable
during the post natal
period.

11. NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
 Basal Body Temperature (BBT)
method.
 Cervical mucus method.
 Symptothermic method.

12. BBT Method
 The rise BBT at the time of ovulation,
as a result of increased production in
the progesterone.
 Temperature measured preferably
before getting out of bed in the
morning.
 Abstinence is necessary for the entire

13. Cervical mucus method
 Also known as “Billings method”.
 Observation of changes in the
characteristics of cervical mucus.
 Ovulation period
Cervical mucus is
watery clear
( Raw egg white, smooth,
slippery, & profuse)

14. Symptothermic method
Temperature
+
Cervical Mucus
+
Calendar Technique

15. BREAST FEEDING
 Lactation prolong postpartum
amenorrhea.
BIRTH CONTROL VACCINE
 Vaccine prepared from ß- sub unit of
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hcG).
 Antibodies appear 4-6 wks and lasts
upto 5 months.

16. ABORTION
 Defined as termination of pregnancy
before the foetus becomes viable
(capable of living independently.)
 Types: Spontaneous.
Induced.
 6 million abortions/ year in India.
 4 million are Induced &
2 million are Spontaneous.

17. ABORTIONAL HAZARDS
EARLY LATE
COMPLICATIONS COMPLICATIONS
 Haemorrhage  Infertility
 Shock  Ectopic gestation
 Sepsis  Increased risk of
 Uterine perforation Spontaneous
 Cervical injury
abortion
 Reduced birth
 Thromboembolism
weight
 Psychiatric
complications.

18. THE MEDICAL TERMINATION
OF PREGNANCY ACT 1971
 Conditions under which a pregnacy
can be terminated.
 Person or persons who can perform
such terminations.
 Place where such terminations can be
performed.

19. Conditions under which pregnancy
can be terminated.
 MEDICAL
 EUGENIC
 HUMANITARIAN
 SOCIO ECONOMIC
 FAILURE OF
CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES

20. MEDICAL: where continuation of
pregnancy might endanger the mother’s
life or cause grave injury to her physical or
mental health.
EUGENIC: where there is substantial risk
of the child being born with serious
handicaps due to physical or mental

21.  HUMANITARIAN : where pregnancy is
due to rape.
 SOCIO-ECONOMIC : where actual or
reasonably forseeable environments
(whether social or economic) could lead
to risk of injury to health of the mother.

22.  FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTIVE
DEVICES The anguish caused by an
unwanted pregnancy resulting from a
failure of any contraceptive device or
method can be presumed to constitute
a grave mental injury to the health of

23. PERSON WHO CAN PERFORM
ABORTION
 RMP having experience in gynecology
and obstetrics ( pregnancy doesn’t
exceed 12 weeks).
 12-20 weeks – Two RMP’s are
necessary to terminate a pregnancy.

24. WHERE ABORTION CAN BE
DONE
 Hospital established or maintained by
government or a place approved for
the purpose of this Act by government.
 Name of the abortion seeker is kept
confidential.

25. MTP rules
Approval by Board :
The Chief Medical Officer of the
district is empowered to certify that
a doctor has the necessary training
in gynaecology & obstetrics to do
abortions.

26. Qualification required to do abortion :
“If he has assisted a RMP in the
performance of 25 cases of medical
termination of pregnancy in an approved
institution.”
The doctor may also qualify to do MTP’s :
a. 6 months house manship in OBG.
b. A post graduate qualification in OBG.
c. 3 years of practice in OBG for those doctors
registered before the 1971 MTP Act was
passed.
d. 1 year of practice in OBG for those doctors
registered on or after the date of

27. The place where abortion is performed :
Non-governmental institutions may
also take up abortions provided they
obtain license from the Chief Medical
Officer of the district.