2. JULIAN TARGOWSKI . MATT DAVIS . GABBY URQUIZO . BETHANY MARSHALL . ELLE JANNATO

4. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS

6. Everyone benefits, few people
pay the cost.

8. 1969

11. NEPA

12. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act

13. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act

14. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act

15. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
Promotes enhancement of environment.

16. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
Requires all federal government agencies to
prepare Environmental Impact Statements

17. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
?
Requires all federal government agencies to
prepare Environmental Impact Statements

18. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act

19. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
Environmental Impact Statements...

20. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
Environmental Impact Statements...
Assess the possible effect of a project on
the environment that uses federal money.

21. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
Environmental Impact Statements...
Assess the possible effect of a project on
the environment that uses federal money.

22. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act

23. NEPA
National Environmental Policy Act
Supported by people because the public
at large does not believe that it is paying a
high price, and believes that the benefits
of the act significantly outweigh the cost.

25. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS

26. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
=

27. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
=
NEPA

28. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
=
NEPA
+

29. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
=
NEPA
+
Potential health benefits of regulating
environmental emissions vs. costs
associated with regulation.

30. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
=
NEPA
+
Potential health benefits of regulating
environmental emissions vs. costs
associated with regulation.
=

31. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
=
NEPA
+
Potential health benefits of regulating
environmental emissions vs. costs
associated with regulation.
=
A small amount of people pay the price
while the majority benefits.

32. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
A small amount of people pay the price
while the majority benefits.

33. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
A small amount of people pay the price
while the majority benefits.

34. ENTREPRENEURIAL
POLITICS
A small amount of people pay the price
while the majority benefits.

36. MAJORITARIAN
POLITICS

38. POLICIES

40. CLEAN AIR ACT

41. CLEAN AIR ACT
1970-1990

42. CLEAN AIR ACT

43. CLEAN AIR ACT
Pollution from
cars cut 60-80%

44. CLEAN AIR ACT

45. CLEAN AIR ACT
Initially viewed as
entrepreneurial politics
because people thought
only car companies
would have to pay, since
they would be the ones
who would have to
create the new cars.

46. CLEAN AIR ACT

47. CLEAN AIR ACT
Did not create much
improvement, however.

49. CLEAN AIR ACT ALSO OFFERED

50. CLEAN AIR ACT ALSO OFFERED
A provision which classifies cities
in terms of how strong the smog
is and requires the city to have
more driving regulations to
decrease amount of cars driving

52. REGULATIONS?

53. No parking in the city

54. Mandatory carpool & bus use

55. Rationalizing gas

57. Everyone being affected
to improve cities and air quality.

58. MAJORITARIAN
POLITICS
Everyone being affected
to improve cities and air quality.

59. People are generally pro-environment, but
when asked to change their daily lives,
citizens were not pleased.

61. MAJORITARIAN POLITICS
I N P R A C T I C E

62. MAJORITARIAN POLITICS
I N P R A C T I C E
GAS

63. MAJORITARIAN POLITICS
I N P R A C T I C E
When gas prices high, everyone buys
hoping others who don’t buy will drive
price down.

64. MAJORITARIAN POLITICS
I N P R A C T I C E
In reality, everyone is just paying more
at the pump, allowing the oil industry
higher revenues.

65. WINNERS & LOSERS

66. LOSERS

67. LOSERS

68. LOSERS
Pay costs, receive no benefits.

70. Taking the bus to work, rather
than driving your car.

71. SCIENTIFIC
UNCERTAINTY

73. Scientists have many...
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY
THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY

74. Scientists have many...
BUT
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY
THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY THEORY
ENVIRONMENTAL
THEORY

76. Few of those are actually
proven, and there is much
disagreement in the scientific
community on environment.

77. Few of those are actually
proven, and there is much
disagreement in the scientific
community on environment.
(LIKE GLOBAL WARMING)

78. EFFECTS ON STATE &
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

80. States have passed more than
36 LAWS
to lower greenhouse gases and
clean up toxic waste.

82. Kyoto
Protocol

84. Proposed, but thrown out treaty
that proposed lowering greenhouse
gases.

85. Proposed, but thrown out treaty
that proposed lowering greenhouse
gases.
Involved many countries.

86. PESTICIDES AND
CLIENT POLITICS

88. Client Politics

89. Client Politics
Organized minority or interest
group benefits at the expense
of the public.

91. Farmers use potentially harmful
pesticides on their farms.

93. Huge market, complicated testing.

95. This makes it hard to test pesticides
frequently and effectively. Because
of this, there is no conclusive
evidence that pesticides would
harm the environment.

96. =

97. Farmers get to use pesticides.
=

98. Farmers get to use pesticides.
People and environment are losers.
=

99. Farmers get to use pesticides.
People and environment are losers.
Minority benefits, at cost of majority.
=

100. Farmers get to use pesticides.
People and environment are losers.
Minority benefits, at cost of majority.
=
CLIENT POLITICS

101. Farmers get to use pesticides.
People and environment are losers.
...
Minority benefits, at cost of majority.
=
CLIENT POLITICS