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The new historic city
high streets, heritage and
knowing our place

Julian Dobson, director, Urban Pollinators
‘A NATION THAT KEEPS ONE EYE ON THE PAST IS WISE. A NATION THAT
KEEPS BOTH EYES ON THE PAST IS BLIND.’
Introduction: foresight and hindsight
1 Shift happens: the changing high street
2 Shifting gear: place in a digital world
3 Shifting perspective: designing for people
4 Working the shift: possible futures
FORESIGHT AND HINDSIGHT
WHAT IS ‘SUCCESS’ AND WHO BENEFITS FROM IT?
‘We possess the distinctive architecture and
environment that means we should better
capitalise on the opportunities for inward
investment and economic growth.’
Chester One City Plan
‘There is a concern that the High Street shopping
experience to which society has grown
accustomed... is changing and we are not sure
whether we will like either how it will change or
what it will be changed to.’
John Dawson, 1988
‘Multiple ownership in town centres can be a
major barrier to change. This must be attacked
head on to avoid unnecessary delays.’
Government task force, draft report, 2013
FORESIGHT?
A NOTE OF CAUTION ABOUT THE BEST-LAID PLANS (AND THE OTHERS)
SHIFT HAPPENS
FROM SALVATION BY SHOPPING TO A DIVIDED SOCIETY
NO MORE SALVATION BY SHOPPING
FROM RETAIL-LED REGENERATION TO TUMBLEWEED: CONCENTRATION, POLARISATION, DIGITISATION
No more salvation by shopping
1 Concentration: 50% of shopping centre and
high street leases will expire by 2015. Big brands
are retreating into prime locations.
2 Polarisation: Growing gaps between the havenots and have-lots. Liverpool One: a £1bn wealth
redistribution scheme?
3 Digitisation: 12% of all UK sales were online in
2012. £50bn market. e-books now bigger than
hardbacks in US.
FROM ECONOMIC REBALANCING TO BACKING WINNERS
WHAT DOES A CITY-FOCUSED ECONOMY MEAN FOR THE FUTURE OF SECOND-TIER TOWNS?
A city-focused economy
1 Agglomeration: Cities are increasingly seen as
economic drivers, concentrating
entrepreneurship, investment and productivity.
2 Creativity: Cities are attractors of population,
offering cultural and lifestyle choices.
3 ‘Irrational exuberance’: Cities stoke up land
values and property speculation. Despite talk of
‘rebalancing’ the UK economy is dependent on
London’s financial sector.
A SOCIAL CRUCIBLE ON OUR HIGH STREETS
TOWN CENTRES ARE BECOMING A MIRROR OF A DIVIDED SOCIETY
A more divided society
1 The failure of work: There are now more
working people in poverty than there are jobless
households living in poverty.
2 The debt generation: For the first time in recent
history, the next generation can expect to be
worse off than ours.
3 Civic asset stripping: Libraries, community
centres, parks and youth services are first in line
for spending cuts.
SHIFTING GEAR
RECLAIMING THE HIGH STREET IN A DIGITAL AND DIVIDED AGE
RECLAIMING PUBLIC SPACE
FROM SOCIABLE CITIES TO A 21ST CENTURY COMMONS
‘Within the community, the more persons who
participate in a dance, the higher its value to
each participant. Each added dancer brings new
opportunities to vary partners and share the
excitement.’
Carol Rose, The Comedy of the Commons, 1986
RECLAIMING PUBLIC ASSETS
FROM THE SUPPLICANT STATE TO A DUTY OF STEWARDSHIP
‘We are exploring a new form of ownership, one
which looks back to 19th century models of
mutuality and self-help as well as to 21st
century models.’
Peter Hirst, Hebden Bridge Community
Association
RECLAIMING LOCAL ECONOMIES
RECONNECTING FOLK, WORK AND PLACE
Of the £30m paid for groceries in Totnes, Devon,
only 33% is spent in independent shops and only
27% on locally sourced products - an
opportunity to reconnect up to £20m of spending
with local producers and retailers.
Totnes Local Economic Blueprint, 2013
SHIFTING PERSPECTIVES
DESIGNING HIGH STREETS FOR PEOPLE
THE HIGH STREET AS GARDEN
RETHINKING SPACE WITH FOOD: INCREDIBLE EDIBLE TODMORDEN
‘Simply by using this language of food, we have
opened up conversations, new ways of looking
at space, new ways of working across our
communities, new ways of bending existing
investment.’
Pam Warhurst, Incredible Edible Todmorden
THE HIGH STREET AS PROMENADE
RETHINKING SPACE AS LEISURE: LONDON’S SOUTH BANK
In Melbourne, the number of pedestrians in the
city centre increased by 39% between 1993 and
2005. The number of street café chairs rose from
1,940 in 1993 to 12,570 by 2009. In London,
pedestrians spend £147 per month more than
motorists.
THE HIGH STREET AS STAGE
RETHINKING SPACE FOR PERFORMANCE: STOKES CROFT, BRISTOL
‘Stokes Croft six or seven years ago was seen as
the sink of the south west, it was one of the
worst places. Really it was one of the most
interesting places.’
Chris Chalkley, People’s Republic of Stokes Croft
WORKING THE SHIFT
POSSIBLE FUTURES FOR HISTORIC CITIES
THE PERIPHERAL CITY
AN URBAN BACK OFFICE IN A TWO-SPEED ECONOMY
THE THEME PARK CITY
A BLAST FROM THE PAST OFFERING ESCAPE FROM THE REAL WORLD
THE NUMB CITY
ECONOMIC GROWTH BECOMES THE ULTIMATE GOOD
THE RESILIENT CITY
AN EVOLVING ECONOMY PRESERVING THE BEST OF THE PAST
THE SELF-DIRECTED CITY
BUILDING ON LOCAL PRIDE TO FORGE A SHARED FUTURE
‘It is through the performance of creative acts, in
art, in thought, in personal relationships, that the
city can be identified as something more than a
purely functional organisation of factories and
warehouses, barracks, courts, prisons and
control centres.’
Lewis Mumford, The City in History, 1961
thank you

www.urbanpollinators.co.uk
Twitter: @juliandobson

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The New Historic City

  • 1. The new historic city high streets, heritage and knowing our place Julian Dobson, director, Urban Pollinators
  • 2. ‘A NATION THAT KEEPS ONE EYE ON THE PAST IS WISE. A NATION THAT KEEPS BOTH EYES ON THE PAST IS BLIND.’
  • 3. Introduction: foresight and hindsight 1 Shift happens: the changing high street 2 Shifting gear: place in a digital world 3 Shifting perspective: designing for people 4 Working the shift: possible futures
  • 4. FORESIGHT AND HINDSIGHT WHAT IS ‘SUCCESS’ AND WHO BENEFITS FROM IT?
  • 5. ‘We possess the distinctive architecture and environment that means we should better capitalise on the opportunities for inward investment and economic growth.’ Chester One City Plan
  • 6. ‘There is a concern that the High Street shopping experience to which society has grown accustomed... is changing and we are not sure whether we will like either how it will change or what it will be changed to.’ John Dawson, 1988
  • 7. ‘Multiple ownership in town centres can be a major barrier to change. This must be attacked head on to avoid unnecessary delays.’ Government task force, draft report, 2013
  • 8. FORESIGHT? A NOTE OF CAUTION ABOUT THE BEST-LAID PLANS (AND THE OTHERS)
  • 9. SHIFT HAPPENS FROM SALVATION BY SHOPPING TO A DIVIDED SOCIETY
  • 10. NO MORE SALVATION BY SHOPPING FROM RETAIL-LED REGENERATION TO TUMBLEWEED: CONCENTRATION, POLARISATION, DIGITISATION
  • 11. No more salvation by shopping 1 Concentration: 50% of shopping centre and high street leases will expire by 2015. Big brands are retreating into prime locations. 2 Polarisation: Growing gaps between the havenots and have-lots. Liverpool One: a £1bn wealth redistribution scheme? 3 Digitisation: 12% of all UK sales were online in 2012. £50bn market. e-books now bigger than hardbacks in US.
  • 12. FROM ECONOMIC REBALANCING TO BACKING WINNERS WHAT DOES A CITY-FOCUSED ECONOMY MEAN FOR THE FUTURE OF SECOND-TIER TOWNS?
  • 13. A city-focused economy 1 Agglomeration: Cities are increasingly seen as economic drivers, concentrating entrepreneurship, investment and productivity. 2 Creativity: Cities are attractors of population, offering cultural and lifestyle choices. 3 ‘Irrational exuberance’: Cities stoke up land values and property speculation. Despite talk of ‘rebalancing’ the UK economy is dependent on London’s financial sector.
  • 14. A SOCIAL CRUCIBLE ON OUR HIGH STREETS TOWN CENTRES ARE BECOMING A MIRROR OF A DIVIDED SOCIETY
  • 15. A more divided society 1 The failure of work: There are now more working people in poverty than there are jobless households living in poverty. 2 The debt generation: For the first time in recent history, the next generation can expect to be worse off than ours. 3 Civic asset stripping: Libraries, community centres, parks and youth services are first in line for spending cuts.
  • 16. SHIFTING GEAR RECLAIMING THE HIGH STREET IN A DIGITAL AND DIVIDED AGE
  • 17. RECLAIMING PUBLIC SPACE FROM SOCIABLE CITIES TO A 21ST CENTURY COMMONS
  • 18. ‘Within the community, the more persons who participate in a dance, the higher its value to each participant. Each added dancer brings new opportunities to vary partners and share the excitement.’ Carol Rose, The Comedy of the Commons, 1986
  • 19. RECLAIMING PUBLIC ASSETS FROM THE SUPPLICANT STATE TO A DUTY OF STEWARDSHIP
  • 20. ‘We are exploring a new form of ownership, one which looks back to 19th century models of mutuality and self-help as well as to 21st century models.’ Peter Hirst, Hebden Bridge Community Association
  • 22. Of the £30m paid for groceries in Totnes, Devon, only 33% is spent in independent shops and only 27% on locally sourced products - an opportunity to reconnect up to £20m of spending with local producers and retailers. Totnes Local Economic Blueprint, 2013
  • 24. THE HIGH STREET AS GARDEN RETHINKING SPACE WITH FOOD: INCREDIBLE EDIBLE TODMORDEN
  • 25. ‘Simply by using this language of food, we have opened up conversations, new ways of looking at space, new ways of working across our communities, new ways of bending existing investment.’ Pam Warhurst, Incredible Edible Todmorden
  • 26. THE HIGH STREET AS PROMENADE RETHINKING SPACE AS LEISURE: LONDON’S SOUTH BANK
  • 27. In Melbourne, the number of pedestrians in the city centre increased by 39% between 1993 and 2005. The number of street café chairs rose from 1,940 in 1993 to 12,570 by 2009. In London, pedestrians spend £147 per month more than motorists.
  • 28. THE HIGH STREET AS STAGE RETHINKING SPACE FOR PERFORMANCE: STOKES CROFT, BRISTOL
  • 29. ‘Stokes Croft six or seven years ago was seen as the sink of the south west, it was one of the worst places. Really it was one of the most interesting places.’ Chris Chalkley, People’s Republic of Stokes Croft
  • 30. WORKING THE SHIFT POSSIBLE FUTURES FOR HISTORIC CITIES
  • 31. THE PERIPHERAL CITY AN URBAN BACK OFFICE IN A TWO-SPEED ECONOMY
  • 32. THE THEME PARK CITY A BLAST FROM THE PAST OFFERING ESCAPE FROM THE REAL WORLD
  • 33. THE NUMB CITY ECONOMIC GROWTH BECOMES THE ULTIMATE GOOD
  • 34. THE RESILIENT CITY AN EVOLVING ECONOMY PRESERVING THE BEST OF THE PAST
  • 35. THE SELF-DIRECTED CITY BUILDING ON LOCAL PRIDE TO FORGE A SHARED FUTURE
  • 36. ‘It is through the performance of creative acts, in art, in thought, in personal relationships, that the city can be identified as something more than a purely functional organisation of factories and warehouses, barracks, courts, prisons and control centres.’ Lewis Mumford, The City in History, 1961