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Dose distribution in matter: Multiple and wedge field technique Dr. Dipanjan Majumder MD PGT  Dept. of radiotherapy Medical college,kolkata
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Co- 60 4-6  MV beam thickness   15 cm dose uniform if   20 cm  10  MV or higher energy needed.
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Unit of intgral dose is gram-rad or kilogram-gray Or simply joule. 1000  rad delivered at midpoint of a  25  cm thick pt. Field size  10 cm  d ; SSD = 100 cm.
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Isocentric technique: Point of intersection of collimator axis and gantry axis - isocenter Stationary beam: Isocenter placed within patient beams directed from different direction. SSD=SAD-d if SSD  SAD isocentric method can be used Advantage:  setup accuracy Machine isocentricity dependence rather skin marks
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Calculations: D iso = D o ×S c ×S p ×TMR Diso=dose rate at isocenter Do=Dmax dose rate for 10,10 field at the SAD Sc=collimator scater factor Sp=phantom scater factor.(for given field size at isocenter) TMR=average TMR over all deapths.
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HOW TO TREAT SUPERFICIAL TUMOR BY MULTIPLE FIELDS?
[object Object],[object Object],In wedge fields dose falls rapidly beyond region of overlap or plateau which is desirable.
 
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Separation of adjacent fields
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Lance & Morgan angled beam technique.
Split beam technique:
Field separation methods : Geometric: Two adjacent beams are considered.joined at given depth d. L1&L2 be the lengths, SSD1&SSD2  are source to surface distance.then S=S1+S2=½.L1.d/SSD1+½.L2.d/SSD2
WHAT THE PROBLEM  IN JUCTIONAL REGION: THREE FIELD OVERLAP
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Calculations: Three-field overlap dS=S1-S2 dS=0 then  L1/L2=SSD1/SSD2 If field sizes different SSD s to be adjusted accordingly. If S1+S2 increased by dS three field overlap eliminated but cold spot at mid line. Practically dS* used;  dS*=dS.[(d*-d)/d] d* =distance of critical organ from surface ; d= midline distance
Dosimetric: Separation of the fields can be determined by optimizing placement of the fields on contour so that composite isodose  uniform. Hot and cold spots are acceptable .
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S=½.L.d/SSD
CSI  field matching technique:
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θ coll =arc tan(½.L 1 .1/SSD) Θ couch =arc tan(½.L 2 .1/SAD) L1=length of posterior spinal field. L2=length of lateral cranial field SSD=for spinal field SAD=for cranial field
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Thank youss Thank you

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multiple filed arrangement in Radiotherapy, Medical College Kolkata

  • 1. Dose distribution in matter: Multiple and wedge field technique Dr. Dipanjan Majumder MD PGT Dept. of radiotherapy Medical college,kolkata
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.  
  • 6.
  • 7. Co- 60 4-6 MV beam thickness  15 cm dose uniform if  20 cm 10 MV or higher energy needed.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Unit of intgral dose is gram-rad or kilogram-gray Or simply joule. 1000 rad delivered at midpoint of a 25 cm thick pt. Field size 10 cm d ; SSD = 100 cm.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.  
  • 14.
  • 15. Isocentric technique: Point of intersection of collimator axis and gantry axis - isocenter Stationary beam: Isocenter placed within patient beams directed from different direction. SSD=SAD-d if SSD  SAD isocentric method can be used Advantage: setup accuracy Machine isocentricity dependence rather skin marks
  • 16.
  • 17. Calculations: D iso = D o ×S c ×S p ×TMR Diso=dose rate at isocenter Do=Dmax dose rate for 10,10 field at the SAD Sc=collimator scater factor Sp=phantom scater factor.(for given field size at isocenter) TMR=average TMR over all deapths.
  • 18.
  • 19.  
  • 20.  
  • 21. HOW TO TREAT SUPERFICIAL TUMOR BY MULTIPLE FIELDS?
  • 22.
  • 23.  
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 27.
  • 28. Lance & Morgan angled beam technique.
  • 30. Field separation methods : Geometric: Two adjacent beams are considered.joined at given depth d. L1&L2 be the lengths, SSD1&SSD2 are source to surface distance.then S=S1+S2=½.L1.d/SSD1+½.L2.d/SSD2
  • 31. WHAT THE PROBLEM IN JUCTIONAL REGION: THREE FIELD OVERLAP
  • 32.
  • 33. Calculations: Three-field overlap dS=S1-S2 dS=0 then L1/L2=SSD1/SSD2 If field sizes different SSD s to be adjusted accordingly. If S1+S2 increased by dS three field overlap eliminated but cold spot at mid line. Practically dS* used; dS*=dS.[(d*-d)/d] d* =distance of critical organ from surface ; d= midline distance
  • 34. Dosimetric: Separation of the fields can be determined by optimizing placement of the fields on contour so that composite isodose uniform. Hot and cold spots are acceptable .
  • 35.
  • 37. CSI field matching technique:
  • 38.
  • 39. θ coll =arc tan(½.L 1 .1/SSD) Θ couch =arc tan(½.L 2 .1/SAD) L1=length of posterior spinal field. L2=length of lateral cranial field SSD=for spinal field SAD=for cranial field
  • 40.