The document discusses the phenomenon of imperialism between the mid-1800s and early 1900s. Major European powers like Britain, France, and Germany, as well as the United States, sought to control other countries for reasons like nationalism, access to natural resources and new markets, and Christian missionary efforts. They established colonies, protectorates, and spheres of influence through military superiority and technological advances. Imperialism resulted in Europe dominating most of the world but also increased tensions between European powers competing for influence and control over other regions and peoples.

1. Imperialism