This document discusses signs of pregnancy, confirming pregnancy through blood or urine tests, prenatal medical care including regular doctor visits, and common prenatal tests like ultrasounds and amniocentesis. Early signs of pregnancy may include a missed period, breast tenderness, nausea, and frequent urination. Blood or urine pregnancy tests can confirm pregnancy two weeks after a missed period. Regular doctor visits are important during pregnancy, increasing in frequency as the due date approaches. Ultrasounds and amniocentesis are examples of prenatal tests that can provide information about the developing fetus.

1. Warm up W1
• Do you think it is important for kids to learn
about sex education? Where should they
learn it? What age? Why or why not
should kids learn about it in school?

2. Signs of Pregnancy

3. Early Signs of Pregnancy
1. Missed Period
2. Ache or feeling of fullness in lower
abdomen
3. Fatigue, drowsiness, faintness
4. Urinate more frequent
5. Discomfort or tenderness in breast
6. Morning nausea – 1st indication for some

4. To confirm pregnancy - blood or urine test
Blood test- 3 days after conception
Urine or Pregnancy test from store two
weeks after missed period.
Obstetrician- OBGYN
– Doctor who specializes in pregnancy
– Examination includes
1. Blood pressure, pulse, respiration, weight
2. Pelvic measurement
3. Analysis of urine- condition of kidneys
4. Blood Test- check for anemia
5. History of illness and operations

5. Medical Visits
• Medical Visits
– First 5 months - Once a month
– 6 or 7th month – Every other week
– 9th month – Every week

6. Presumptive VS Positive Signs
of pregnancy
Presumptive Signs Positive Signs
Amenorrhea ( Missed Period) HCG (Human Chronic
Gonadatrophin)
Internal Changes – softening of Hormone found in the blood and
the cervix, Uterus is enlarged urine of pregnant women
Leg cramps Fetal image – May be seen with ultra
sound scaning
indigestion

7. Duration of Pregnancy
– 280 days
– 40 weeks
– calculate due date
• take first day of last period
• count back 3 months
• add 7 days

8. Prenatal Tests
Ultrasound
• high frequency sound waves bounce off
• woman’s internal structures
• this gives “map” of fetus
• actual picture is called a sonogram
– chorionic villi sampling
• an instrument inserted through cervix, takes a
• small sample of the tissue from the amino -
• chorionic membrane
• 8th-10th week of pregnancy
• amniocentesis
– amniotic fluid is drawn out through the stomach
– 14th-16th week of pregnancy